南京北郊大气能见度影响因子研究
|
摘要
利用2013年5月至2014年5月的能见度、相对湿度、温度、风向风速等气象要素数据及气溶胶化学组分观测数据,分析了南京北郊能见度变化特征及其影响因子。研究表明:观测期间平均能见度为6.78 km,低能见度事件在冬季发生得更频繁。相对湿度和风速是影响能见度的主要气象因子,而大气中细颗粒物的增加是能见度降低的主要原因。颗粒物中不同化学组分对能见度的影响不同,随着能见度的降低,二次无机盐离子比例持续增加。大气中二次无机盐离子的增加是能见度降低的重要原因。
The observed data of visibility,relative humidity,temperature,wind speed and aerosol chemical composition from May 2013 to May 2014 were used to analyze the variation characteristics of atmospheric visibility and its impact factors.This study suggests that the average visibility during the observation period was 6.78 km,and low visibility events occured more frequently in the winter.Relative humidity and wind speed were the dominant meteorological factors influencing the visibility,while the increase of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere were the main cause of visibility impairment.Different aerosol chemical components influenced the visibility quite differently.The visibility decreasesd with the increases of the secondary inorganic salt ions,which is a significant reason for visibility impairment.
The observed data of visibility,relative humidity,temperature,wind speed and aerosol chemical composition from May 2013 to May 2014 were used to analyze the variation characteristics of atmospheric visibility and its impact factors.This study suggests that the average visibility during the observation period was 6.78 km,and low visibility events occured more frequently in the winter.Relative humidity and wind speed were the dominant meteorological factors influencing the visibility,while the increase of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere were the main cause of visibility impairment.Different aerosol chemical components influenced the visibility quite differently.The visibility decreasesd with the increases of the secondary inorganic salt ions,which is a significant reason for visibility impairment.
引文
[1]唐孝炎,张远航,邵敏.大气环境化学[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[2]徐祥德,王寅钧,赵天良,等.中国大地形东侧霾空间分布“避风港”效应及其“气候调节”影响下的年代际变异[J].科学通报,2015,60(12):1132-1145.
[3]王自发,李杰,王哲,等.2013年1月我国中东部强霾污染的数值模拟和防控对策[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(1):3-14.
[4] CHAN C K,YAO X H. Air pollution in mega cities inChina[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(1):1-42.
[5]陈静,赵春生.大气低能见度的影响因子分析及计算方法综述[J].气象科技进展,2014,4(4):44-51.
[6] CORREIA A W, POPE C A,DOCKERY D W, et al. Ef?fect of air pollution control on life expectancy in the Unit?ed States:An analysis of 545 U.S. counties for the periodfrom 2000 to 2007[J].Epidemiology,2013,24(1):23-31.
[7] FANN N, LAMSON A D, ANENBERG S C,et al. Estimat?ing the national public health burden associated with expo?sure to ambient PM2.5and ozone[J].Risk Analysis,2011,32(1):81-95.
[8]潘月鹏,贾琳,田世丽,等.大气霾污染对农业生产的可能影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2279-2280.
[9]吴兑,邓雪娇,游积平,等.南岭山地高速公路雾区能见度预报系统[J].热带气象学报,2006,22(5):417-422.
[10]吴兑.近十年中国灰霾天气研究综述[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(2):257-269.
[11] KAN H D,CHEN R J,TONG S L. Ambient air pollu?tion, climate change, and population health in China[J].Environment International,2012,42(1):10-19.
[12] XU X, ZHAO T, LIU F, et al. Climate modulation of theTibetan Plateau on haze in China[J].Atmospheric Chemis?try&Physics,2016,16:1365-1375.
[13]张小曳,孙俊英,王亚强,等.我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考[J].科学通报,2013,58(13):1178-1187.
[14] CHAN C K,YAO X. Air pollution in mega cities in Chi?na[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(1):1-42.
[15]杨复沫,欧阳文娟,王欢博,等.大气颗粒物对能见度影响的研究进展[J].工程研究:跨学科视野中的工程,2013,5(3):252-258.
[16]孙晓芸,何川,陈黛雅,等.南京市不同功能区2013-2016年大气污染物观测分析[J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(4):10-16.
[17]叶香,姜爱军,张军,等.南京市大气能见度的变化趋势及特征[J].气象科学,2011,31(3):325-331.
[18]侯灵,安俊琳,朱彬.南京大气能见度变化规律及影响因子分析[J].大气科学学报,2014,37(1):91-98.
[19]马佳,于兴娜,安俊琳,等.南京北郊冬春季大气能见度影响因子贡献研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(1):41-50.
[20]于超,于兴娜,赵天良,等.南京北郊能见度变化中二次无机盐消光的重要作用[J].环境科学,2018(3):972-979.
[21]何镓祺,于兴娜,朱彬,等.南京冬季气溶胶消光特性及霾天气低能见度特征[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(6):1645-1653.
[22]张秋晨,朱彬,苏继峰,等.南京3类不同大气污染过程下气溶胶水溶性无机离子的特征研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1944-1951.
[23]李建军,沈振兴,同帜,等.西安冬春季PM10中碳气溶胶的昼夜变化特征[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1506-1513.
[24]盛裴轩,毛节泰,李建国,等.大气物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[25] CAO J J, WANG Q Y, CHOW J C, et al. Impacts of aero?sol compositions on visibility impairment in Xi’an,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,59:559-566.
[26]王淑英,张小玲,徐晓峰.北京地区大气能见度变化规律及影响因子统计分析[J].气象科技,2003,31(2):109-114.
[27]刘永红,冯婷,蔡铭.2009年广州能见度变化规律及主要影响因素分析[J].中国环境监测,2012,28(3):32-37.
[28]施红,陈敏,韩晶晶.上海浦东地区大气能见度的变化特征及影响因子分析[J].大气科学研究与应用,2008(2):1-8.
[29] CHARLSON R J. Atmospheric visibility related to aero?sol mass concentration:review[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1969,3(10):913-918.
[30]孙景群.能见度与相对湿度的关系[J].气象学报,1985,43(2):230-234.
[2]徐祥德,王寅钧,赵天良,等.中国大地形东侧霾空间分布“避风港”效应及其“气候调节”影响下的年代际变异[J].科学通报,2015,60(12):1132-1145.
[3]王自发,李杰,王哲,等.2013年1月我国中东部强霾污染的数值模拟和防控对策[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(1):3-14.
[4] CHAN C K,YAO X H. Air pollution in mega cities inChina[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(1):1-42.
[5]陈静,赵春生.大气低能见度的影响因子分析及计算方法综述[J].气象科技进展,2014,4(4):44-51.
[6] CORREIA A W, POPE C A,DOCKERY D W, et al. Ef?fect of air pollution control on life expectancy in the Unit?ed States:An analysis of 545 U.S. counties for the periodfrom 2000 to 2007[J].Epidemiology,2013,24(1):23-31.
[7] FANN N, LAMSON A D, ANENBERG S C,et al. Estimat?ing the national public health burden associated with expo?sure to ambient PM2.5and ozone[J].Risk Analysis,2011,32(1):81-95.
[8]潘月鹏,贾琳,田世丽,等.大气霾污染对农业生产的可能影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2279-2280.
[9]吴兑,邓雪娇,游积平,等.南岭山地高速公路雾区能见度预报系统[J].热带气象学报,2006,22(5):417-422.
[10]吴兑.近十年中国灰霾天气研究综述[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(2):257-269.
[11] KAN H D,CHEN R J,TONG S L. Ambient air pollu?tion, climate change, and population health in China[J].Environment International,2012,42(1):10-19.
[12] XU X, ZHAO T, LIU F, et al. Climate modulation of theTibetan Plateau on haze in China[J].Atmospheric Chemis?try&Physics,2016,16:1365-1375.
[13]张小曳,孙俊英,王亚强,等.我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考[J].科学通报,2013,58(13):1178-1187.
[14] CHAN C K,YAO X. Air pollution in mega cities in Chi?na[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(1):1-42.
[15]杨复沫,欧阳文娟,王欢博,等.大气颗粒物对能见度影响的研究进展[J].工程研究:跨学科视野中的工程,2013,5(3):252-258.
[16]孙晓芸,何川,陈黛雅,等.南京市不同功能区2013-2016年大气污染物观测分析[J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(4):10-16.
[17]叶香,姜爱军,张军,等.南京市大气能见度的变化趋势及特征[J].气象科学,2011,31(3):325-331.
[18]侯灵,安俊琳,朱彬.南京大气能见度变化规律及影响因子分析[J].大气科学学报,2014,37(1):91-98.
[19]马佳,于兴娜,安俊琳,等.南京北郊冬春季大气能见度影响因子贡献研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(1):41-50.
[20]于超,于兴娜,赵天良,等.南京北郊能见度变化中二次无机盐消光的重要作用[J].环境科学,2018(3):972-979.
[21]何镓祺,于兴娜,朱彬,等.南京冬季气溶胶消光特性及霾天气低能见度特征[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(6):1645-1653.
[22]张秋晨,朱彬,苏继峰,等.南京3类不同大气污染过程下气溶胶水溶性无机离子的特征研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1944-1951.
[23]李建军,沈振兴,同帜,等.西安冬春季PM10中碳气溶胶的昼夜变化特征[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1506-1513.
[24]盛裴轩,毛节泰,李建国,等.大气物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[25] CAO J J, WANG Q Y, CHOW J C, et al. Impacts of aero?sol compositions on visibility impairment in Xi’an,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,59:559-566.
[26]王淑英,张小玲,徐晓峰.北京地区大气能见度变化规律及影响因子统计分析[J].气象科技,2003,31(2):109-114.
[27]刘永红,冯婷,蔡铭.2009年广州能见度变化规律及主要影响因素分析[J].中国环境监测,2012,28(3):32-37.
[28]施红,陈敏,韩晶晶.上海浦东地区大气能见度的变化特征及影响因子分析[J].大气科学研究与应用,2008(2):1-8.
[29] CHARLSON R J. Atmospheric visibility related to aero?sol mass concentration:review[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1969,3(10):913-918.
[30]孙景群.能见度与相对湿度的关系[J].气象学报,1985,43(2):230-234.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |