水稻和蔬菜的膳食结构变化对农村居民镉摄入健康风险的影响——以珠海市斗门区为例
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摘要
为了研究膳食结构(水稻、蔬菜)变化对农村居民镉(Cd)摄入健康风险的影响,本文选取珠海市斗门区为研究区,分析了研究区内水稻和蔬菜的Cd含量现状,分别构建了2000年以来Cd含量与膳食结构的变化趋势,并采用靶标危害系数法(THQ)评价了研究区农村居民的Cd摄入健康风险。研究结果表明,研究区内水稻的Cd污染风险高于蔬菜,少量水稻样点存在超标,蔬菜无超标。2000—2017年,研究区水稻籽粒中的Cd含量在0.1 mg·kg-1附近波动,蔬菜可食部分的Cd含量逐渐降低。在膳食结构中,水稻的比例降低了8.7%,年消费量降低了27%,蔬菜的占比和年消费量都较为稳定。在Cd含量变化和膳食结构改变的双重作用下,2002—2017年居民通过水稻、蔬菜的年摄入Cd总量降低了49%,Cd摄入健康风险降低了56%,其中膳食结构变化对健康风险降低的贡献率为47%。研究结果表明,膳食结构(水稻、蔬菜)变化是影响农村居民Cd摄入健康风险的重要因素。
To identify the effects of changes in the dietary structure(rice and vegetables)on the health risk from cadmium(Cd)intake for rural residents,the Doumen District of Zhuhai City was selected as the study area. The existing situation with respect to Cd pollution in rice and vegetables in the study area was analyzed,the trend of Cd content and dietary structure changes since 2000 were determined,and the target hazard coefficient(THQ)method was used to evaluate the health risk from Cd intake for rural residents in the study area. The results showed that the risk from Cd pollution in rice was higher than that for vegetables;a few rice samples exceeded the standard while no vegetables did. From 2000 to 2017,the Cd content in rice grains fluctuated around 0.1 mg·kg-1 and decreased gradually in the edible parts of vegetables. In the dietary structure,the proportion of rice decreased by 8.7% and annual consumption decreased by 27%,while the proportion and annual consumption of vegetables remained relatively stable. Under the dual effects of the changes in Cd content and dietary structure,the annual intake of Cd decreased by 49% and the health risk from Cd presence decreased by 56% from 2002 to 2017. Further,the contribution rate of the change in dietary structure to the reduction in health risk was 47%. The results showed that the change in dietary structure(rice and vegetables)was an important factor affecting the health risk from Cd intake for rural residents.
To identify the effects of changes in the dietary structure(rice and vegetables)on the health risk from cadmium(Cd)intake for rural residents,the Doumen District of Zhuhai City was selected as the study area. The existing situation with respect to Cd pollution in rice and vegetables in the study area was analyzed,the trend of Cd content and dietary structure changes since 2000 were determined,and the target hazard coefficient(THQ)method was used to evaluate the health risk from Cd intake for rural residents in the study area. The results showed that the risk from Cd pollution in rice was higher than that for vegetables;a few rice samples exceeded the standard while no vegetables did. From 2000 to 2017,the Cd content in rice grains fluctuated around 0.1 mg·kg-1 and decreased gradually in the edible parts of vegetables. In the dietary structure,the proportion of rice decreased by 8.7% and annual consumption decreased by 27%,while the proportion and annual consumption of vegetables remained relatively stable. Under the dual effects of the changes in Cd content and dietary structure,the annual intake of Cd decreased by 49% and the health risk from Cd presence decreased by 56% from 2002 to 2017. Further,the contribution rate of the change in dietary structure to the reduction in health risk was 47%. The results showed that the change in dietary structure(rice and vegetables)was an important factor affecting the health risk from Cd intake for rural residents.
引文
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