水稻稻瘟病抗性鉴定用菌株继代培养遗传变异研究
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摘要
稻瘟病是最主要的水稻病害之一,人工接种鉴定是稻瘟病抗性鉴定的主要手段。接种鉴定用稻瘟病菌在继代培养过程中时常发生变异,为了解其变异特点,本研究通过在CM完全培养基和燕麦培养基中连续对10个稻瘟病菌田间菌株继代培养10代,对其每代的产孢量、菌落形态、生理小种及对24个丽江新团黑谷(LTH)单基因系致病性变化进行研究。结果表明,随着继代代数增加,多数菌株在第5代产孢量、生理小种及致病性都发生了部分变异,10个菌株中有6个菌株在第5代生理小种已发生变异,特别是菌株P10由ZA种群转变为ZC种群;菌株P3、P5和P8的生理小种从始至终没有变化,但菌株P3和P5对部分单基因系的致病性已发生改变。因此,在选择菌株进行稻瘟病抗性鉴定时,菌株继代应少于5代,尽量用原始菌株。
Rice blast is one of the most important rice diseases. Inoculation identification is a major means to identify rice blast resistance of rice varieties. The variation often occurs in the subculture of the Magnaporthe oryzae for inoculation identification. To understand the feature of its variation, ten strains of rice blast fungus collected from rice plants in Hunan were successively subcultured in both of the oatmeal medium and complete medium(CM) for 10 generations. The sporulation, colony morphology, physiological race and pathogenicity to 24 LTH single gene lines of every generations were studied. The results showed that with the increase of the subcultured generations, most of the ten isolations began to change in the fifth generation(G5) in the sporulation, physiological races and pathogenicity. Among ten isolations, six had the change of physiological race in G5, especially the isolation P10 was changed from ZA population to ZC population,but the isolations P3, P5 and P8 did not change the physiological race all through the generations from G0 to G10. However,P3 and P5 changed in the pathogenicity to some of the LTH single-gene lines. Therefore, the strains to be selected for rice blast resistance identification should be less than 5 generations, and the original strains should be used as far as possible.
Rice blast is one of the most important rice diseases. Inoculation identification is a major means to identify rice blast resistance of rice varieties. The variation often occurs in the subculture of the Magnaporthe oryzae for inoculation identification. To understand the feature of its variation, ten strains of rice blast fungus collected from rice plants in Hunan were successively subcultured in both of the oatmeal medium and complete medium(CM) for 10 generations. The sporulation, colony morphology, physiological race and pathogenicity to 24 LTH single gene lines of every generations were studied. The results showed that with the increase of the subcultured generations, most of the ten isolations began to change in the fifth generation(G5) in the sporulation, physiological races and pathogenicity. Among ten isolations, six had the change of physiological race in G5, especially the isolation P10 was changed from ZA population to ZC population,but the isolations P3, P5 and P8 did not change the physiological race all through the generations from G0 to G10. However,P3 and P5 changed in the pathogenicity to some of the LTH single-gene lines. Therefore, the strains to be selected for rice blast resistance identification should be less than 5 generations, and the original strains should be used as far as possible.
引文
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[11]凌忠专,雷财林,王久林.稻瘟病菌生理小种研究的回顾与展望[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1 849-1 859.
[12]ZHONG Z,CHEN M,LIN L,et al.Population genomic analysis of the rice blast fungus reveals specific events associated with expansion of three main clades[J].Isme journal,2018,12(8):1 867-1 878.
[13]XING J,JIA Y,CORRELL J C,et al.Analysis of genetic and molecular identity among field isolates of the rice blast fungus with an international differential system,rep-PCR,and DNAsequencing[J].Plant disease,2013,97(4):491-495.
[14]DAI Y,JIA Y,CORRELL J,et al.Diversification and evolution of the avirulence gene AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae[J].Fungal genetics&biology,2010,47(12):973-980.
[15]ZHENG Y,ZHENG W,LIN F,et al.AVR1-CO39 is a predominant locus governing the broad avirulence of Magnaporthe oryzae2539 on cultivated rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Molecular plantmicrobe interactions,2011,24(1):13-17.
[16]LI P,BAI B,ZHANG H Y,et al.Genomic organization and sequence dynamics of the Avr Piz-t locus in Magnaporthe oryzae[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B,2012,13(6):452-464.
[17]LIU J L,WANG X J,MITCHELL T,et al.Recent progress and understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the riceMagnaporthe oryzae interaction[J].Molecular plant pathology,2010,11(3):419-427.
[2]TALBOT N J.On the trail of a cereal killer:exploring the biology of Magnaporthe grisea[J].Annual reviews in microbiology,2003,57(1):177-202.
[3]KANKANALA P,CZYMMEK K,VALENT B.Roles for rice membrane dynamics and plasmodesmata during biotrophic invasion by the blast fungus[J].Plant cell,2007,19(2):706-724.
[4]XING J,JIA Y,PENG Z,et al.Characterization of molecular identity and pathogenicity of rice blast fungus in Hunan province of China[J].Plant disease,2017,101(4).
[5]杨小林,殷得所,戚华雄,等.不同稻区稻瘟病菌致病型变异及基于MAS的品种对稻瘟病的抗性鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2017,47(5):661-666.
[6]朱小源,杨祁云,杨健源,等.抗稻瘟病单基因系对籼稻稻瘟病菌小种鉴别力分析[J].植物病理学报,2004,34(4):361-368.
[7]TALBOT N J,EBBOLE D J,HAMER J E.Identification and characterization of MPG1,a gene involved in pathogenicity from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea[J].The plant cell,1993,5(11):1 575-1 590.
[8]全国稻瘟病菌生理小种联合试验组.我国稻瘟病菌生理小种研究[J].植物病理学报,1980(2):71-82.
[9]袁筱萍,徐群,余汉勇,等.国际稻瘟病圃种质稻瘟病抗性的鉴定与评价[J].中国稻米,2011,17(2):11-13.
[10]姜华,余欢,王艳丽,等.稻瘟病菌无毒基因序列变异研究进展[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(3):512-520.
[11]凌忠专,雷财林,王久林.稻瘟病菌生理小种研究的回顾与展望[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1 849-1 859.
[12]ZHONG Z,CHEN M,LIN L,et al.Population genomic analysis of the rice blast fungus reveals specific events associated with expansion of three main clades[J].Isme journal,2018,12(8):1 867-1 878.
[13]XING J,JIA Y,CORRELL J C,et al.Analysis of genetic and molecular identity among field isolates of the rice blast fungus with an international differential system,rep-PCR,and DNAsequencing[J].Plant disease,2013,97(4):491-495.
[14]DAI Y,JIA Y,CORRELL J,et al.Diversification and evolution of the avirulence gene AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae[J].Fungal genetics&biology,2010,47(12):973-980.
[15]ZHENG Y,ZHENG W,LIN F,et al.AVR1-CO39 is a predominant locus governing the broad avirulence of Magnaporthe oryzae2539 on cultivated rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Molecular plantmicrobe interactions,2011,24(1):13-17.
[16]LI P,BAI B,ZHANG H Y,et al.Genomic organization and sequence dynamics of the Avr Piz-t locus in Magnaporthe oryzae[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B,2012,13(6):452-464.
[17]LIU J L,WANG X J,MITCHELL T,et al.Recent progress and understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the riceMagnaporthe oryzae interaction[J].Molecular plant pathology,2010,11(3):419-427.
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