复配拮抗菌FP246对烟草黑胫病和根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响
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摘要
为研究复配拮抗菌FP246对烟草黑胫病的防治效果及其对根际土壤微生物群落功能的影响,通过盆栽试验研究其对烟草黑胫病的防效,并利用Biolog-ECO技术分析施入复配拮抗菌FP246后根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化。结果表明,复配拮抗菌FP246能显著降低黑胫病的发病程度,防效为85.40%。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数结果显示,复配拮抗菌FP246处理(T1处理)与58%甲霜锰锌可湿性粉剂处理(T3处理)无显著差异,但与10亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂处理(T2处理)及对照(T4处理)差异显著;McIntosh指数及丰富度指数大小整体为T3>T1>T2>T4;T1、T2、T3处理的Simpson优势度指数没有明显变化。T1、T2、T3处理的AWCD值均显著增加,且与对照差异显著。主成分分析发现,微生物在96～144 h对碳源的利用较为活跃,其中对糖类、氨基酸、羧酸类以及聚合物类碳源利用较多。
To investigate the control efficiency of combinatory antagonistic bacteria FP246 against tobacco black shank and its influence on the functional variations of soil microbial community, a pot experiment was conducted and the functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial community was analyzed by Biolog-ECO after FP246 treatment. The results showed that the incidence of tobacco black shank was reduced by FP246 treatment with the control efficiency of 85.40%. No significant difference was found in Shannon-Wiener diversity index between FP246 treatment(T1) and that treated by a 58% Fubol wettable powder(T3), while the differences from 109 spore/g Bacillus subtilis wettable powder treatment(T2) and the control(T4) were statistically significant. The McIntosh index rank and the richness index was in the order of T3>T1>T2>T4.Simpson's dominance indexes did not significantly differ among T1, T2 and T3. Comparing with the control,the AWCD values in T1, T2 and T3 were significantly increased and significantly differed from that of the control. A principal component analysis indicated that carbon source utilization of microorganisms was higher from 96 to 144 h, especially sugars, amino acids, carboxylic acids and polymers.
To investigate the control efficiency of combinatory antagonistic bacteria FP246 against tobacco black shank and its influence on the functional variations of soil microbial community, a pot experiment was conducted and the functional diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial community was analyzed by Biolog-ECO after FP246 treatment. The results showed that the incidence of tobacco black shank was reduced by FP246 treatment with the control efficiency of 85.40%. No significant difference was found in Shannon-Wiener diversity index between FP246 treatment(T1) and that treated by a 58% Fubol wettable powder(T3), while the differences from 109 spore/g Bacillus subtilis wettable powder treatment(T2) and the control(T4) were statistically significant. The McIntosh index rank and the richness index was in the order of T3>T1>T2>T4.Simpson's dominance indexes did not significantly differ among T1, T2 and T3. Comparing with the control,the AWCD values in T1, T2 and T3 were significantly increased and significantly differed from that of the control. A principal component analysis indicated that carbon source utilization of microorganisms was higher from 96 to 144 h, especially sugars, amino acids, carboxylic acids and polymers.
引文
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[5]周京龙,冯自力,冯鸿杰,等.棉花内生蜡状芽孢杆菌YUPP-10对棉花黄萎病的防治作用及机制[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(14):2717-2727.ZHOU Jinglong,FENG Zili,FENG Hongjie,et al.Biocontrol effect and mechanism of cotton endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus YUPP-10 against Verticillium wilt in Gossypium hirsutum[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(14):2717-2727.
[6]杨秀荣,王雪莲,王敏,等.生防细菌B579对土传病害的防治效果及促长作用[J].中国生物防治,2008,24(增刊1):59-61.YANG Xiurong,WANG Xuelian,WANG Min,et al.Inhabiting activity of bio-bacteria B579 to soil-brone disease and its promotion growth effects[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2008,24(S1):59-61.
[7]徐同伟,周建云,祖庆学,等.两株烟草黑胫病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定和促生防病潜力评价[J].中国烟草科学,2017,38(3):44-50.XU Tongwei,ZHOU Jianyun,ZU Qingxue,et al.Screening,identification,biocontrol and growthpromoting potential evaluation of two bacterial strains against tobacco black shank[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2017,38(3):44-50.
[8]杨艺炜,黎妍妍,张安盛,等.烟草黑胫病拮抗菌XF10的筛选与鉴定[J].烟草科技,2018,51(4):20-27.YANG Yiwei,LI Yanyan,ZHANG Ansheng,et al.Screening and identification of an antagonistic bacterium XF10 against tobacco black shank[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(4):20-27.
[9]郭桥燕.烟草青枯病与黑胫病拮抗菌筛选及防治效果研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2007.GUO Qiaoyan.Studies on screening and control effect of the antagonistic strains against tobacco wilt and black shank[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2007.
[10]高亚星.烟草黑胫病防治技术研究[D].贵州:贵州大学,2017.GAO Yaxing.Study on the control of tobacco black shank[D].Guizhou:Guizhou University,2017.
[11]GB/T 23222-2008烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].GB/T 23222-2008 Grade and investigation method of tobacco diseases and insect pests[S].
[12]张新慧,王霞霞,张恩和.2,4-二叔丁基苯酚对啤酒花根际土壤微生物数量的化感效应研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(6):1606-1608.ZHANG Xinhui,WANG Xiaxia,ZHANG Enhe.Allelopathic effect of phenol 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)on microorganism of Hamulus lupulus L.(hops)rhizospheric soil[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2008,16(6):1606-1608.
[13]孙凤霞,张伟华,徐明岗,等.长期施肥对红壤微生物生物量碳氮和微生物碳源利用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2792-2798.SUN Fengxia,ZHANG Weihua,XU Minggang,et al.Effects of long-term fertilization on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and on carbon source utilization of microbes in a red soil[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(11):2792-2798.
[14]田雅楠,王红旗.Biolog法在环境微生物功能多样性研究中的应用[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(3):50-57.TIAN Yanan,WANG Hongqi.Application of biolog to study of environmental microbial function diversity[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,34(3):50-57.
[15]Simpson E H.Measurement of diversity[J].Nature,1949,163(4148):688.
[16]时鹏,高强,王淑平,等.玉米连作及其施肥对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(22):6173-6182.SHI Peng,GAO Qiang,WANG Shuping,et al.Effects of continuous cropping of corn and fertilization on soil microbial community functional diversity[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(22):6173-6182.
[17]Rogers B F,TateⅢR L.Temporal analysis of the soil microbial community along a toposequence in pineland soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2001,33(10):1389-1401.
[18]贾夏,董岁明,周春娟.微生物生态研究中Biolog Eco微平板培养时间对分析结果的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(1):10-19.JIA Xia,DONG Suiming,ZHOU Chunjuan.Effects of biolog eco-plates incubation time on analysis results in microbial ecology researches[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2013,21(1):10-19.
[19]邓娇娇,朱文旭,周永斌,等.不同土地利用模式对辽东山区土壤微生物群落多样性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(7):2269-2276.DENG Jiaojiao,ZHU Wenxu,ZHOU Yongbin,et al.Effects of different land use patterns on the soil microbial community diversity in montane region of eastern Liaoning Province,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2018,29(7):2269-2276.
[20]Klimek B,Chodak M,Ja?wa M,et al.The relationship between soil bacteria substrate utilisation patterns and the vegetation structure in temperate forests[J].European Journal of Forest Research,2016,135(1):179-189.
[21]Sun T R,Cang L,Wang Q Y,et al.Roles of abiotic losses,microbes,plant roots,and root exudates on phytoremediation of PAHs in a barren soil[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1/2/3):919-925.
[22]谭兆赞,刘可星,廖宗文.土壤微生物BIOLOG分析中特征碳源的判别[J].华南农业大学学报,2006,27(4):10-13.TAN Zhaozan,LIU Kexing,LIAO Zongwen.The discrimination of characteristic carbon sources on soil microbial community using BIOLOG microplates[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2006,27(4):10-13.
[23]刘辉,吴小芹,任嘉红,等.荧光假单胞菌与红绒盖牛肝菌共接种对杨树根际土壤酶活性及微生物多样性的影响[J].林业科学,2019,55(1):22-30.LIU Hui,WU Xiaoqin,REN Jiahong,et al.Effect of co-inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Xerocomus chrysenteron on the soil enzyme activity and microbial diversity in poplar rhizosphere[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2019,55(1):22-30.
[24]邹春娇,齐明芳,马建,等.Biolog-ECO解析黄瓜连作营养基质中微生物群落结构多样性特征[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(5):942-951.ZOU Chunjiao,QI Mingfang,MA Jian,et al.Analysis of soil microbial community structure and diversity in cucumber continuous cropping nutrition medium by Biolog-ECO[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2016,49(5):942-951.
[25]席劲瑛,胡洪营,钱易.Biolog方法在环境微生物群落研究中的应用[J].微生物学报,2003,43(1):138-141.XI Jinying,HU Hongying,QIAN Yi.Application of Biolog system in the study of microbial community[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2003,43(1):138-141.
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