大长山生态化开发示范区海洋生态服务价值评估
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摘要
评估大长山生态化开发示范区海洋生态服务价值,为生态化开发建设效果评估提供参考依据。示范区2012年投放塔型钢筋混凝土人工鱼礁改造海底环境,2013年初步进行了建设,养殖品种为刺参、皱纹盘鲍等海珍品。参照《海洋生态资本评估技术导则》,对开发示范区2012-2014年供给服务、调节服务、文化服务3组,养殖生产、捕捞生产、氧气生产、气候调节、废弃物处理、休闲娱乐、科研服务等7大类生态服务价值进行评估。示范区建设前的2012年生态服务价值4 178.65万元,示范区建设后2014年生态服务价值5 373.87万元,增加28.60%。2014年生态服务价值中,养殖生产价值5 068.80万元,较2012年增长1 096.30万元、增幅27.60%,刺参生物量较2012年增加83.3 t、增幅43.09%。文化服务中,2012、2013年示范区建设单位并未对海域进行旅游开发,当年旅游收入均为0;在示范区建设酒店后,2014年接待游客近千人次,直接旅游收入达到60.30万元。下一步应进一步完善评估模型,特别是需要获取准确统计数据,以便准确评估示范区的生态价值。
Dachangshan eco-development demonstration area is located in the sea northeast of Dachangshan Island in Dalian City, Liaoning Province. Development of Dachangshan demonstration area began in 2012 with an area of 333.33 hm~2 and construction of tower-type reinforced concrete artificial reefs was built to improve the seabed. In 2013, the aquaculture species Apostichopus japonicas and Haliotis discus hannai, along with other marine treasures were released into the demonstration area. To provide a reference for the value of eco-development projects, we estimated the value of marine ecological services from the Dachangshan eco-development demonstration area using technical guidelines for evaluating marine ecological capital. The monetary value of seven ecological services in the development demonstration area was calculated, from 2012 to 2014. Services were grouped as supply, regulation and cultural services and included aquaculture production, fish harvest, oxygen production, climate regulation, waste disposal, leisure/recreation, and scientific research. The monetary value of ecological services in 2012, before construction of the demonstration area, was 41.7865 million yuan. The value in 2014 after construction, was 53.7387 million yuan, an increase of 28.6%. Among the ecological services, aquaculture production increased to 50.688 million yuan, an increase of 10.963 million yuan and 27.6%, and the biomass of Apostichopus japonicas increased by 83.3 tons(43.09%). In terms of the cultural services, the tourism resource of the demonstration area was not developed until 2014 and there was no tourism revenue in 2012-2013. After construction, area hotels in the demonstration area hosted nearly 1 000 tourists and direct tourism revenue reached 603 000 yuan. To assess the ecological value of the demonstration area more accurately, our next study will focus on improving the assessment model, particularly the collection of accurate statistical data.
Dachangshan eco-development demonstration area is located in the sea northeast of Dachangshan Island in Dalian City, Liaoning Province. Development of Dachangshan demonstration area began in 2012 with an area of 333.33 hm~2 and construction of tower-type reinforced concrete artificial reefs was built to improve the seabed. In 2013, the aquaculture species Apostichopus japonicas and Haliotis discus hannai, along with other marine treasures were released into the demonstration area. To provide a reference for the value of eco-development projects, we estimated the value of marine ecological services from the Dachangshan eco-development demonstration area using technical guidelines for evaluating marine ecological capital. The monetary value of seven ecological services in the development demonstration area was calculated, from 2012 to 2014. Services were grouped as supply, regulation and cultural services and included aquaculture production, fish harvest, oxygen production, climate regulation, waste disposal, leisure/recreation, and scientific research. The monetary value of ecological services in 2012, before construction of the demonstration area, was 41.7865 million yuan. The value in 2014 after construction, was 53.7387 million yuan, an increase of 28.6%. Among the ecological services, aquaculture production increased to 50.688 million yuan, an increase of 10.963 million yuan and 27.6%, and the biomass of Apostichopus japonicas increased by 83.3 tons(43.09%). In terms of the cultural services, the tourism resource of the demonstration area was not developed until 2014 and there was no tourism revenue in 2012-2013. After construction, area hotels in the demonstration area hosted nearly 1 000 tourists and direct tourism revenue reached 603 000 yuan. To assess the ecological value of the demonstration area more accurately, our next study will focus on improving the assessment model, particularly the collection of accurate statistical data.
引文
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Lara-Pulido J A, Sanginés A G, Martelo C A,2018. A meta-analysis of economic valuation of ecosystem services in Mexico[J]. Ecosystem Services, 31(A): 126-141.
Tammi I, Mustaj?rvi K, Rasinm?ki J,2017. Integrating spatial valuation of ecosystem services into regional planning and development[J]. Ecosystem Services, 26(B): 329-344.
Mao Y Z, Yang H S, Zhou Y, et al, 2009. Potential of the seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture with scallop Chamys farreri in North China[J]. Journal of applied phycology, 21(6): 649-656.
陈尚, 任大川, 夏涛, 等, 2013. 海洋生态资本理论框架下的生态系统服务评估[J]. 生态学报, 33(19): 6254-6363.
程飞, 纪雅宁, 李倨莹, 等, 2014. 象山港海湾生态系统服务价值评估[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 33(2): 221-228.
江志兵, 曾江宁, 陈全震, 等, 2006. 大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区的生物修复[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 23(4):57-63.
李晓, 2011. 罗源湾生态系统服务价值空间差异研究[D]. 福州: 福建师范大学.
廖玉麟, 1997. 中国动物志[M]. 北京:科学出版社: 334.
刘旭, 赵桂慎, 邓永智, 2011. 基于TM遥感技术的永定河生态系统服务价值评估模型及应用[J]. 水生态学杂志, 32(5): 6-12.
刘桂林, 张落成, 张倩, 2014. 长三角地区土地利用时空变化对生态系统服务价值的影响[J]. 生态学报, 34(12): 3311-3319.
刘海, 殷杰, 林苗, 等, 2017. 基于GIS的鄱阳湖流域生态系统服务价值结构变化研究[J]. 生态学报, 37(8): 2575-2587.
隋佳佳, 董双林, 田相利, 等, 2010. 光谱和体重对刺参耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 40(3): 61-64.
王兆礼, 张汉华, 朱长波, 等, 2014. 深澳湾养殖生态系统服务功能价值评估[J]. 海洋环境科学, 33(3): 378-382.
王月, 2016. 褡裢岛周边海域初级生产力与环境因子关系的研究[D]. 大连: 大连海洋大学.
夏涛, 陈尚, 张涛, 等, 2014. 江苏近海生态系统服务价值评估[J]. 生态学报, 34(17): 5069-5076.
于沛民, 2007. 人工藻礁的选型与藻类附着效果的初步研究[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学.
张朝晖, 叶属峰, 朱明远, 等, 2008. 典型海洋生态系统服务及价值评估[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社.
赵欣胜, 崔丽娟, 李伟, 2016. 吉林省湿地生态系统水质净化功能分析及其价值评价[J]. 水生态学杂志, 37(1): 31-38.
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 2011.海洋生态资本评估技术导则:GT/T 28058-2011[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社.
周艳波, 蔡文贵, 陈海刚, 等, 2010. 人工鱼礁生态诱集技术的机理及研究进展[J]. 海洋渔业, 32(2): 225-230.
Beveridge M C M, 1996. Cage Aquaculture[M].2nd. Cambridge:Fishing News Books Ltd:346: 257-273.
Costanza R, D′Arge R, De Groot R, et al, 1997. The Value of the World′s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital[J]. Nature, 387(15): 253-260.
Daily G C,1997. Nature′s Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystem[M]. Washington DC: Island Press.
Daily G C, Soderqvist T, Aniyar S, et al, 2000. The value of nature and the nature of value[J]. Science, 289: 395-396.
Lara-Pulido J A, Sanginés A G, Martelo C A,2018. A meta-analysis of economic valuation of ecosystem services in Mexico[J]. Ecosystem Services, 31(A): 126-141.
Tammi I, Mustaj?rvi K, Rasinm?ki J,2017. Integrating spatial valuation of ecosystem services into regional planning and development[J]. Ecosystem Services, 26(B): 329-344.
Mao Y Z, Yang H S, Zhou Y, et al, 2009. Potential of the seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture with scallop Chamys farreri in North China[J]. Journal of applied phycology, 21(6): 649-656.
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