城市生活垃圾的能源化综合利用及产业化模式展望
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摘要
阐述了城市生活垃圾进行能源化综合利用的必要性,重点介绍了垃圾热裂解气化技术和垃圾制合成气产燃料乙醇等生物燃料的研发及应用进展,提出了城市生活垃圾能源化综合利用关键的环节及产业模式,并对产业化前景进行了展望。
This review describes the feasibility and necessity to generate energy by comprehensive utilization of municipal solid wastes( MSW),and introduces mainly the latest progress in the development and application of two process technologies.One is the pyrolysis gasification technology targeting to generate energy from MSW,the other one is that biofuels such as ethanol are produced via syngas that is synthesized from MSW by Fischer Tropsch process and anaerobic fermentations.The industrialization pattern and the critical aspects for energy-oriented utilization from MSW are proposed.Prospects on the industrialization pattern are also described.
This review describes the feasibility and necessity to generate energy by comprehensive utilization of municipal solid wastes( MSW),and introduces mainly the latest progress in the development and application of two process technologies.One is the pyrolysis gasification technology targeting to generate energy from MSW,the other one is that biofuels such as ethanol are produced via syngas that is synthesized from MSW by Fischer Tropsch process and anaerobic fermentations.The industrialization pattern and the critical aspects for energy-oriented utilization from MSW are proposed.Prospects on the industrialization pattern are also described.
引文
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[6]肖睿,金保升,仲兆平,等.基于低温气化和高温熔融焚烧方法处理城市生活垃圾[J].能源研究与利用,2001,(3):28-30.
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[21]士丽敏,储伟,刘增超.合成气制低碳醇用催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2011,30(1):162-166.
[22]王鹏,王宪贵,郭战英,等.合成气合成乙醇的研究进展[J].洁净煤技术,2010,(1):5-62.
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[24]Abrini J,Naveau H,Nyns E J.Clostridium autoethanogenum sp.Nov.,an anaerobic bacterium that produces ethanol from carbon monoxide[J].Arch Microbiol,1994,161(4):345-351.
[25]Hurst K M,Lewis R S.Carbon monoxide partial pressure effects on the metabolic process of syngas fermentation[J].Biochem Eng J,2010,48(2):159-165.
[26]Rajagopalan S,Datar R P,Lewis R S.Formation of ethanol from carbon monoxide via a new microbial catalyst[J].Biomass Bioenergy,2002,23(6):487-493.
[27]Cotter J L,Chinn M S,Grunden A M.Ethanol and acetate production by Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium autoethanogenum using resting cells[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2009,32(3):369-380.
[28]Najafpour G,Younesi H.Ethanol and acetate synthesis from waste gas using batch culture of Clostridium ljungdahlii[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2006,38(1,2):223-228.
[29]Kundiyana D K,Huhnke R L,Wilkins M R.Syngas fermentation in a 100-L pilot scale fermentor:Design and process considerations[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2010,109(5):492-498.
[30]Saxena J,Tanner R S.Effect of trace metals on ethanol production from synthesis gas by the ethanologenic acetogen,Clostridium ragsdalei[J].Journal of Industrial Microbiology,2011,38(4):513-521.
[31]张兰波,刘继开,李东,等.合成气乙醇发酵的微生物研究[J].可再生能源,2007,25(3):27-30.
[32]李延吉.生活垃圾制备RDF及能源化利用研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2017.
[33]董越勇,邹道安,刘银秀,等.我国城市生活垃圾特点及其处理技术浅析---以杭州市为例[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(6):1055-1060.
[34]向达.城市生活垃圾处理现状及热解制备燃料油技术的分析[J].生物质化学工程,2012,46(5):39-44.
[35]张晓明,王颖.垃圾焚烧技术的发展状况[J].建筑与预算,2017,(4):31-33.
[36]韩志明.北京市生活垃圾焚烧的合理性[R/OL].环卫科技网,2007-09-29.http://www.cn-hw.net/html/27/200709/4332.html.
[37]Myles R Allen,Vicente Ricardo Barros,John Broom,et al.Climate change 2014 synthesis report[R].Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),2014.
[38]刘朝全,姜学峰.2017年国内外油气行业发展报告[R].北京:石油工业出版社,2018.
[39]北京市统计局.北京统计年鉴---2018[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
[2]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴---2018[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
[3]马人熊.垃圾填埋气利用技术简介[J].中国城市环境卫生,2010,(3):20-24.
[4]秦成.我国城市生活垃圾处理现状及清运量预测研究[D].天津:天津财经大学,2015.
[5]解强,边炳鑫,赵由才.城市固体废弃物能源化利用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[6]肖睿,金保升,仲兆平,等.基于低温气化和高温熔融焚烧方法处理城市生活垃圾[J].能源研究与利用,2001,(3):28-30.
[7]Maken S,Hyun J,Park J W,et al.Vitrification of MSWI fly ash using Brown's gas and fate of heavy metals[J].Sci Ind Res,2005,64:198-204.
[8]宋立杰,陈善平,赵由才.可持续生活垃圾处理与资源化技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.
[9]赵由才,宋玉.生活垃圾处理与资源化技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2007.
[10]田贵全.德国固体废物技术方法[J].环境科学动态,2005,2:10-11.
[11]Williams P T,Besler S.Pyrolysis of municipal solid waste[J].Journal of the Institute of Energy,1992,(65):192-200.
[12]Malkow T.Novel and innovative pyrolysis and gasification technologies for energy efficient and environmentally sound MSW disposal[J].Waste Management,2004,24(1):53-79.
[13]胡建杭,王华.城市生活垃圾直接气化熔融焚烧技术基础[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2008.
[14]袁浩然,鲁涛,熊祖鸿,等.城市生活垃圾热解气化技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2012,32(2):421-427.
[15]钱睿,韩健.北京城市生活垃圾处理转型新思路---垃圾热解气化技术[J].环境工程,2014,32(S1):689-692.
[16]徐喆,韩波.我国炼厂气体的综合利用[J].当代化工,2009,38(3):257-261.
[17]马龙隆,王铁军,吴创之,等.木质纤维素化工技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[18]吉媛媛,相宏伟.Fischer-Tropsch合成烃生成机理研究进展[J].燃料化学学报,2002,30(2):186-192.
[19]胡徐腾,李振宇,付兴国,等.液体生物燃料:从化石到生物质[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013.
[20]宋安东,冯新军,谢慧,等.合成气制取乙醇2种技术比较分析[J].生物加工过程,2012,10(5):72-78.
[21]士丽敏,储伟,刘增超.合成气制低碳醇用催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2011,30(1):162-166.
[22]王鹏,王宪贵,郭战英,等.合成气合成乙醇的研究进展[J].洁净煤技术,2010,(1):5-62.
[23]Barik S,Prieto S,Harrison S B,et al.Biological production of alcohols from coal through indirect liquefaction[J].Appl Biochem Biotechnol,1988,18(1):363-378.
[24]Abrini J,Naveau H,Nyns E J.Clostridium autoethanogenum sp.Nov.,an anaerobic bacterium that produces ethanol from carbon monoxide[J].Arch Microbiol,1994,161(4):345-351.
[25]Hurst K M,Lewis R S.Carbon monoxide partial pressure effects on the metabolic process of syngas fermentation[J].Biochem Eng J,2010,48(2):159-165.
[26]Rajagopalan S,Datar R P,Lewis R S.Formation of ethanol from carbon monoxide via a new microbial catalyst[J].Biomass Bioenergy,2002,23(6):487-493.
[27]Cotter J L,Chinn M S,Grunden A M.Ethanol and acetate production by Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium autoethanogenum using resting cells[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2009,32(3):369-380.
[28]Najafpour G,Younesi H.Ethanol and acetate synthesis from waste gas using batch culture of Clostridium ljungdahlii[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2006,38(1,2):223-228.
[29]Kundiyana D K,Huhnke R L,Wilkins M R.Syngas fermentation in a 100-L pilot scale fermentor:Design and process considerations[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2010,109(5):492-498.
[30]Saxena J,Tanner R S.Effect of trace metals on ethanol production from synthesis gas by the ethanologenic acetogen,Clostridium ragsdalei[J].Journal of Industrial Microbiology,2011,38(4):513-521.
[31]张兰波,刘继开,李东,等.合成气乙醇发酵的微生物研究[J].可再生能源,2007,25(3):27-30.
[32]李延吉.生活垃圾制备RDF及能源化利用研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2017.
[33]董越勇,邹道安,刘银秀,等.我国城市生活垃圾特点及其处理技术浅析---以杭州市为例[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(6):1055-1060.
[34]向达.城市生活垃圾处理现状及热解制备燃料油技术的分析[J].生物质化学工程,2012,46(5):39-44.
[35]张晓明,王颖.垃圾焚烧技术的发展状况[J].建筑与预算,2017,(4):31-33.
[36]韩志明.北京市生活垃圾焚烧的合理性[R/OL].环卫科技网,2007-09-29.http://www.cn-hw.net/html/27/200709/4332.html.
[37]Myles R Allen,Vicente Ricardo Barros,John Broom,et al.Climate change 2014 synthesis report[R].Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),2014.
[38]刘朝全,姜学峰.2017年国内外油气行业发展报告[R].北京:石油工业出版社,2018.
[39]北京市统计局.北京统计年鉴---2018[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
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