泡沫阻断协同氧化修复土壤中四氯乙烯和多环芳烃
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摘要
研究了不同发泡剂(AC-645或蛋白类发泡剂)产生的泡沫对四氯乙烯挥发的阻断效果,以及发泡剂与氧化剂耦合后产生的泡沫对土壤中多环芳烃的氧化去除效果。结果表明,本研究所用泡沫材料既可以抑制四氯乙烯的挥发逸散,又可以氧化去除土壤中的多环芳烃,其中以AC-645发泡材料对四氯乙烯挥发的阻断效果最优,在3 h内对四氯乙烯的阻断效果可维持在95.0%左右,反应24 h后对土壤中多环芳烃的去除率在80.0%以上。混料均匀设计试验发现,最优配比下发泡剂(AC-645)、氧化剂和水的质量分数分别为29.4%、1.2%、69.4%,该配比的泡沫耦合氧化剂修复材料产生的泡沫在30 min时对四氯乙烯的阻断率为94.5%,反应24 h后对土壤中多环芳烃的去除率在87.8%。在最优点处进行验证试验,验证值与预测值的相对偏差为0.11%,表明模型预测准确。
The blocking effect on volatile organic compounds(perchloroethylene) by different foams(produced by AC-645 or protein foaming agent) and the degradation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil by the coupling of foam and oxidant were investigated in the present study. The results showed that the foams used in this study could inhibit the volatilization of perchloroethylene and oxidize the PAHs in the soil. Among them, foam produced by AC-645 had the best blocking effect on perchloroethylene volatilization. In 3 hours, the blocking effect on perchloroethylene was maintained at about 95.0%. After 24 h, the removal rate of PAHs in soil was above 80.0%. The optimization experiment based on uniform mixing design was carried out, and it was shown that the optimal mass fraction ratio of foaming agent(AC-645), oxidant and water was 29.4%, 1.2%, 69.4%, respectively. Under this condition, the blocking rate of perchloroethylene volatilization was 94.5% within 30 min, and the removal rate of PAHs in soil was 87.8% after 24 h. Validation result showed that the bias of the experiment result and simulation prediction was 0.11%, indicating that the model prediction was accurate.
The blocking effect on volatile organic compounds(perchloroethylene) by different foams(produced by AC-645 or protein foaming agent) and the degradation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil by the coupling of foam and oxidant were investigated in the present study. The results showed that the foams used in this study could inhibit the volatilization of perchloroethylene and oxidize the PAHs in the soil. Among them, foam produced by AC-645 had the best blocking effect on perchloroethylene volatilization. In 3 hours, the blocking effect on perchloroethylene was maintained at about 95.0%. After 24 h, the removal rate of PAHs in soil was above 80.0%. The optimization experiment based on uniform mixing design was carried out, and it was shown that the optimal mass fraction ratio of foaming agent(AC-645), oxidant and water was 29.4%, 1.2%, 69.4%, respectively. Under this condition, the blocking rate of perchloroethylene volatilization was 94.5% within 30 min, and the removal rate of PAHs in soil was 87.8% after 24 h. Validation result showed that the bias of the experiment result and simulation prediction was 0.11%, indicating that the model prediction was accurate.
引文
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[3] 杨宾,李慧颖,伍斌,等.污染场地中挥发性有机污染工程修复技术及应用[J].环境工程技术学报,2013,3(1):78-84.YANG B,LI H Y,WU B,et al.Engineering remediation techniques and its application for volatile organic compounds-contaminated sites[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2013,3(1):78-84.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 甘平,杨乐巍,房增强,等.挥发性有机物污染场地挖掘过程中污染扩散特征[J].环境科学,2013,34(12):4619-4626.GAN P,YANG Y W,FANG Z Q,et al.Characteristics of gaseous pollutants distribution during remedial excavation at a volatile organic compound contaminated site[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(12):4619-4626.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] United States Environmental Protection Agency.Superfund remedy report:fourteenth edition[EB/OL].[2019-02-15].https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/srr_14th_2013nov.pdf.
[6] JELUSIC M,LESTAN D.Effect of EDTA washing of metal polluted garden soils.Part I:toxicity hazards and impact on soil properties[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,475:132-141.
[7] 马妍,董彬彬,杜晓明,等.挥发及半挥发性有机物污染场地异位修复技术的二次污染及其防治[J].环境工程,2017,35(4):174-178.MA Y,DONG B B,DU X M,et al.Secondary pollution and its prevention of VOC/SVOC-contaminated sites with ex situ remediation technologies[J].Environmental Engineering,2017,35(4):174-178.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] WANG S L,MULLIGAN C N.An evaluation of surfactant foam technology in remediation of contaminated soil[J].Chemosphere,2004,57(9):1079-1089.
[9] WANG H,CHEN J J.A study on the permeability and flow behavior of surfactant foam in unconsolidated media[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(2):567-576.
[10] MULLIGAN C N,EFTEKHARI F.Remediation with surfactant foam of PCP-contaminated soil[J].Engineering Geology,2003,70(3/4):269-279.
[11] 王亭凯,商照聪,倪晓芳,等.一种高性能绿色发泡材料的研究[J].应用化工,2018,47(6):1200-1203.WANG T K,SHANG Z C,NI X F,et al.The study of a kind of high performance green foaming materials[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2018,47(6):1200-1203.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 李森,张杨,罗勇,等.基于均匀设计的类Fenton’s体系去除污染土壤中蒽和芘的研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(4):1157-1163.LI S,ZHANG Y,LUO Y,et al.Application of uniform design method in removal of anthracene and pyrene in contaminated soil by using Fenton-like system[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(4):1157-1163.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] 张宏玲,李森,张杨,等.活化过硫酸盐体系原位模拟去除土壤中多环芳烃[J].浙江农业学报,2018,30(6):1044-1049.ZHANG H L,LI S,ZHANG Y,et al.In situ simulated remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by activated sodium persulfate system[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2018,30(6):1044-1049.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] 张宏玲,李森,张杨,等.过渡金属离子活化过硫酸盐去除土壤中的芘[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):6009-6014.ZHANG H L,LI S,ZHANG Y,et al.Removal of pyrene in contaminated soil by transition metal ions activated persulfate[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(10):6009-6014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 方开泰,王元.数论方法在统计中的应用:均匀设计法[M].北京:科学出版社,1996:20-90.