基于生境质量的唐县生态安全格局构建
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摘要
生态安全格局作为景观生态学的重点及热点,其识别与构建对维持区域生态安全及实现区域可持续发展具有重要作用.本研究以河北省唐县为研究区,基于2016年土地利用现状数据,利用InVEST模型评估生境质量,确定生态源地;然后选取土地利用类型、生境质量指数、植被覆盖度、距水域距离、距居民点距离、距道路距离等阻力因子构建阻力表面,并采用阻力阈值法进行生态安全分区;最后运用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)判定生态廊道,从而综合构建唐县生态安全格局.结果表明:唐县生态源地占总面积的3.3%,主要分布在斑块面积较大的林地和水域中,河北省四大水库之一的西大洋水库也位于生态源地范围内;根据耗费阻力突变点,将研究区划分为禁止开发区、限制开发区、优化开发区和重点开发区,各区占地百分比分别为18.9%、43.6%、27.6%和9.9%;唐县潜在生态廊道总长度为333.52 km,优化后生态廊道总长度为263.91 km,有助于各种生态交流.研究结果对唐县土地资源的合理可持续利用具有重要指导意义,可为唐县土地规划布局决策提供理论和技术支撑.
As the key and hot topic in landscape ecology, ecological security pattern plays an important role in maintaining regional ecological security and achieving regional sustainable development. Based on land use data of 2016, we used the InVEST model to evaluate the habitat quality of Tang County to determine the ecological source. The resistance surface was constructed by selecting the resistance factors such as land use type, habitat quality index, vegetation coverage, distance to water, distance to settlements, distance to roads, with the resistance threshold being used to partition the ecological security pattern. Finally, the ecological security pattern of Tang County was constructed by determining the ecological corridor with the MCR model. The results showed that the ecological source of Tang County accounted for 3.3% of the total area, mainly distributed in forest land and waters with large plaque area, and the Western Ocean Reservoir(one of the four major reservoirs in Hebei Province). According to the cost resistance mutation point, the research region could be divided into prohibited development zone, restricted development zone, optimized development zone, and key development zone. The percentage of each zone was 18.9%, 43.6%, 27.6% and 9.9%, respectively. The total length of the potential ecological corridors in Tang County was 333.52 km, and was 263.91 km after optimization, which was helpful for various ecological exchanges. Our results had important guiding significance for the rational and sustainable use of land resources in Tang County, and could provide theoretical and technical supports for the decision-making of land planning and layout in Tang County.
As the key and hot topic in landscape ecology, ecological security pattern plays an important role in maintaining regional ecological security and achieving regional sustainable development. Based on land use data of 2016, we used the InVEST model to evaluate the habitat quality of Tang County to determine the ecological source. The resistance surface was constructed by selecting the resistance factors such as land use type, habitat quality index, vegetation coverage, distance to water, distance to settlements, distance to roads, with the resistance threshold being used to partition the ecological security pattern. Finally, the ecological security pattern of Tang County was constructed by determining the ecological corridor with the MCR model. The results showed that the ecological source of Tang County accounted for 3.3% of the total area, mainly distributed in forest land and waters with large plaque area, and the Western Ocean Reservoir(one of the four major reservoirs in Hebei Province). According to the cost resistance mutation point, the research region could be divided into prohibited development zone, restricted development zone, optimized development zone, and key development zone. The percentage of each zone was 18.9%, 43.6%, 27.6% and 9.9%, respectively. The total length of the potential ecological corridors in Tang County was 333.52 km, and was 263.91 km after optimization, which was helpful for various ecological exchanges. Our results had important guiding significance for the rational and sustainable use of land resources in Tang County, and could provide theoretical and technical supports for the decision-making of land planning and layout in Tang County.
引文
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[11] Peng J (彭建), Guo X-N (郭小楠), Hu Y-N (胡熠娜), et al. Constructing ecological security patterns in mountain areas based on geological disaster sensitivity: A case study in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(2): 627-635 (in Chinese)
[12] Li H (李晖), Yi N (易娜), Yao W-J (姚文璟), et al. Shangri-La county ecological land use planning based on landscape security pattern. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2011, 31(20): 5928-5936 (in Chinese)
[13] Qian Y (钱颖), Yang J-H (杨建军). Research on urban ecological belt planning based on ecological sensitivity and landscape structure. Chinese Landscape Architecture (中国园林), 2014, 30(6): 107-111 (in Chinese)
[14] Meng J-J (蒙吉军), Wang Y (王雅), Wang X-D (王晓东), et al. Construction of landscape ecological security pattern of Guiyang City based on minimum cumulative resistance model. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin (长江流域资源与环境), 2016, 25(7): 1052-1061 (in Chinese)
[15] Chen X (陈昕), Peng J (彭建), Liu Y-Q (刘焱序), et al. Construction of the ecological security pattern of Yunfu Mountain City based on the framework of “importance-sensitivity-connectivity”. Geographical Research (地理研究), 2017, 36(3): 471-484 (in Chinese)
[16] Zhang L, Peng J, Liu Y, et al. Coupling ecosystem services supply and human ecological demand to identify landscape ecological security pattern: A case study in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. Urban Ecosystems, 2017, 20: 1-14
[17] Hepcan CC, Ozkan MB. Establishing ecological networks for habitat conservation in the case of Cesme Urla Peninsula, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011, 174: 157-170
[18] Liu Z-H (刘珍环), Wang Y-L (王仰麟), Peng J (彭建), et al. Urban land cover pattern based on impervious surface index: A case study of Shenzhen. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2011, 66(7): 961-971 (in Chinese)
[19] Klar N, Herrmann M, Henning Hahn M, et al. Between ecological theory and planning practice: (Re-) Connecting forest patches for the wildcat in Lower Saxony, Ger-many. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012, 105: 376-384
[20] Ma K-M (马克明), Fu B-J (傅伯杰), Li X-Y (黎晓亚), et al. The regional pattern for ecological security (RPES): The concept and theoretical basis. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2004, 24(4): 761-768 (in Chinese)
[21] Knaapen JP, Scheffer M, Harms B. Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1992, 23: 1-16
[22] Kong FH, Yin HW, Nakagoshi N, et al. Urban green space network development for biodiversity conservation: Identification based on graph theory and gravity modeling. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2010, 95: 16-27
[23] Wang YH, Yang KC, Bridgman CL, et al. Habitat suita-bility modelling to correlate gene flow with landscape connectivity. Landscape Ecology, 2008, 23: 989-1000
[24] Wu J-S (吴健生), Zhang L-Q (张理卿), Peng J (彭建), et al. The integrated recognition of the source area of the urban ecological security pattern in Shenzhen. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2013, 33(13): 4125-4133 (in Chinese)
[25] Peng J, Pan Y, Liu Y, et al. Linking ecological degradation risk to identify ecological security patterns in a rapidly urbanizing landscape. Habitat International, 2018, 71: 110-124
[26] Richard S, Rebecca CK, Spencer W, et al. InVEST 3.4.4. User’s Guide: Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs. Stanford: The Natural Capital Project, 2018
[27] Wu J-S (吴健生), Cao Q-W (曹祺文), Shi S-Q (石淑芹), et al. Spatio-temporal variability of habitat qua-lity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area based on land use change. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(11): 3457-3466 (in Chinese)
[28] Terrado M, Sabater S, Chaplin-Kramer B, et al. Model development for the assessment of terrestrial and aquatic habitat quality in conservation planning. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 540: 63-70
[29] Feng Y-J (冯艺佳). Study on the Ideal Pattern Construction Strategy of Green Space in Shallow Mountain Area of Beijing through the View of Landscape Archite-cture. PhD Thesis. Beijing. Beijing Forestry University, 2016 (in Chinese)
[30] Zhao X-N (赵小娜), Gong X (宫雪), Tian F-H (田丰昊), et al. Evaluation of urban land ecological suitability in Yanlongtu. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2017, 32(5): 778-787 (in Chinese)
[31] Wiens JA, Milne BT. Scaling of ‘landscapes’ in landscape ecology, or, landscape ecology from a beetle’s perspective. Landscape Ecology, 1989, 3: 87-96
[2] Liu Y (刘洋), Meng J-J (蒙吉军), Zhu L-K (朱利凯). Progress in the research on regional ecological security pattern. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(24): 6980-6989 (in Chinese)
[3] Peng J (彭建), Li H-L (李慧蕾), Liu Y-X (刘焱序), et al. Identification and optimization strategy of ecological security pattern in Xiong’an New District. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2018, 73(4): 701-710 (in Chinese)
[4] Daily G-C, Soderqvist T, Aniyar S, et al. The value of nature and the nature of value. Science, 2000, 289: 395-396
[5] Yu KJ. Security patterns and surface model in landscape ecological planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1996, 36: 1-17
[6] Zhang X-F (张小飞), Li Z-G (李正国), Wang R-S (王如松), et al. Study on net work analysis for urban ecological security pattern in Changzhou City. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis (北京大学学报·自然科学版), 2009, 45(4): 728-736 (in Chinese)
[7] Yang S-S (杨姗姗), Zou C-X (邹长新), Shen W-S (沈渭寿), et al. Construction of ecological security patterns based on ecological red line: A case study of Jiangxi Province. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 2016, 35(1): 250-258 (in Chinese)
[8] Chen L-D (陈利顶), Lyu Y-H (吕一河), Tian H-Y (田惠颖), et al. Principles and methodology for ecologi-cal rehabilitation and security pattern design in key project construction. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2007, 18(3): 674-680 (in Chinese)
[9] Wang R-H (王让虎), Li X-Y (李晓燕), Zhang S-W (张树文), et al. Landscape ecological security pattern construction and early warning research in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northeast China: A case study of Tongyu County, Jilin Province. Geography and Geo-Information Science (地理与地理信息科学), 2014, 30(2): 111-115 (in Chinese)
[10] State Council (国务院). State Council’s Opinions on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Work. Beijing: State Council, 2011 (in Chinese)
[11] Peng J (彭建), Guo X-N (郭小楠), Hu Y-N (胡熠娜), et al. Constructing ecological security patterns in mountain areas based on geological disaster sensitivity: A case study in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(2): 627-635 (in Chinese)
[12] Li H (李晖), Yi N (易娜), Yao W-J (姚文璟), et al. Shangri-La county ecological land use planning based on landscape security pattern. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2011, 31(20): 5928-5936 (in Chinese)
[13] Qian Y (钱颖), Yang J-H (杨建军). Research on urban ecological belt planning based on ecological sensitivity and landscape structure. Chinese Landscape Architecture (中国园林), 2014, 30(6): 107-111 (in Chinese)
[14] Meng J-J (蒙吉军), Wang Y (王雅), Wang X-D (王晓东), et al. Construction of landscape ecological security pattern of Guiyang City based on minimum cumulative resistance model. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin (长江流域资源与环境), 2016, 25(7): 1052-1061 (in Chinese)
[15] Chen X (陈昕), Peng J (彭建), Liu Y-Q (刘焱序), et al. Construction of the ecological security pattern of Yunfu Mountain City based on the framework of “importance-sensitivity-connectivity”. Geographical Research (地理研究), 2017, 36(3): 471-484 (in Chinese)
[16] Zhang L, Peng J, Liu Y, et al. Coupling ecosystem services supply and human ecological demand to identify landscape ecological security pattern: A case study in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. Urban Ecosystems, 2017, 20: 1-14
[17] Hepcan CC, Ozkan MB. Establishing ecological networks for habitat conservation in the case of Cesme Urla Peninsula, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011, 174: 157-170
[18] Liu Z-H (刘珍环), Wang Y-L (王仰麟), Peng J (彭建), et al. Urban land cover pattern based on impervious surface index: A case study of Shenzhen. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2011, 66(7): 961-971 (in Chinese)
[19] Klar N, Herrmann M, Henning Hahn M, et al. Between ecological theory and planning practice: (Re-) Connecting forest patches for the wildcat in Lower Saxony, Ger-many. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012, 105: 376-384
[20] Ma K-M (马克明), Fu B-J (傅伯杰), Li X-Y (黎晓亚), et al. The regional pattern for ecological security (RPES): The concept and theoretical basis. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2004, 24(4): 761-768 (in Chinese)
[21] Knaapen JP, Scheffer M, Harms B. Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1992, 23: 1-16
[22] Kong FH, Yin HW, Nakagoshi N, et al. Urban green space network development for biodiversity conservation: Identification based on graph theory and gravity modeling. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2010, 95: 16-27
[23] Wang YH, Yang KC, Bridgman CL, et al. Habitat suita-bility modelling to correlate gene flow with landscape connectivity. Landscape Ecology, 2008, 23: 989-1000
[24] Wu J-S (吴健生), Zhang L-Q (张理卿), Peng J (彭建), et al. The integrated recognition of the source area of the urban ecological security pattern in Shenzhen. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2013, 33(13): 4125-4133 (in Chinese)
[25] Peng J, Pan Y, Liu Y, et al. Linking ecological degradation risk to identify ecological security patterns in a rapidly urbanizing landscape. Habitat International, 2018, 71: 110-124
[26] Richard S, Rebecca CK, Spencer W, et al. InVEST 3.4.4. User’s Guide: Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs. Stanford: The Natural Capital Project, 2018
[27] Wu J-S (吴健生), Cao Q-W (曹祺文), Shi S-Q (石淑芹), et al. Spatio-temporal variability of habitat qua-lity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area based on land use change. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(11): 3457-3466 (in Chinese)
[28] Terrado M, Sabater S, Chaplin-Kramer B, et al. Model development for the assessment of terrestrial and aquatic habitat quality in conservation planning. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 540: 63-70
[29] Feng Y-J (冯艺佳). Study on the Ideal Pattern Construction Strategy of Green Space in Shallow Mountain Area of Beijing through the View of Landscape Archite-cture. PhD Thesis. Beijing. Beijing Forestry University, 2016 (in Chinese)
[30] Zhao X-N (赵小娜), Gong X (宫雪), Tian F-H (田丰昊), et al. Evaluation of urban land ecological suitability in Yanlongtu. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2017, 32(5): 778-787 (in Chinese)
[31] Wiens JA, Milne BT. Scaling of ‘landscapes’ in landscape ecology, or, landscape ecology from a beetle’s perspective. Landscape Ecology, 1989, 3: 87-96