天津市原位生物化学法治理修复黑臭底泥的试验研究
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摘要
研究采用室内模拟的方法,探讨了黑臭底泥生物-化学法原位修复中自制生物-化学复合药剂(以"反硝化细菌-硝酸钙"为主要原料)投加量对底泥理化性质变化及上覆水水质变化的影响。综合考虑,最终确定适合底泥致黑臭污染物去除且节约成本的最佳处理剂投加量为2 000mg/L(以硝酸钙-N计)。以此投加量将底泥处理剂埋入试验用底泥30d后,上覆水(400ml)TP由0.50mg/L降至0.36mg/L;CODCr、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮分别由31mg/L、0.10mg/L、0.65mg/L、0.07mg/L增加至325mg/L、30.27mg/L、4.91mg/L、13.55mg/L,底泥AVS由1.31μmol/g降至0.35μmol/g;底泥外观疏松膨胀、由黑变黄。判断此投加量下底泥处理剂对黑臭底泥治理情况好,可以此为依据进一步进行天津市某河道黑臭底泥原位修复中试研究,以确定最优投加量。
In this study,we used the laboratory simulation method to investigate the changes of the physical and chemical properties of bottom sediment and the overlying water quality as a function of the dosage of self-made bio-chemical compounding agent(with "denitrifying bacteria-calcium nitrate" as the main raw material)in the in-situ biochemical remediation of black-odor sediment.Based on comprehensive consideration,we determined that the optimal and cost-saving dosage of treatment agent for the removal of black-odor pollutants should be 2 000mg/L(calculated as calcium nitrate-N).After burying the sediment treatment agent in the test sediment for 30 days,we found the TP of the overlying water(400ml)was reduced from 0.50mg/L to 0.36mg/L;CODCr,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and nitrite nitrogen respectively increased from 31mg/L,0.10mg/L,0.65mg/L,and 0.07mg/L to 325 mg/L,30.27 mg/L,4.91 mg/L,and 13.55 mg/L;the sediment AVS was reduced from 1.31μmol/g to 0.35μmol/g;the sediment looked loose and expanded,and turned from black to yellow.We judged that this dosage worked well on the treatment of black-odor sediment.It can be used as the basis for further pilot study on the in-situ remediation of black-odor sediment in a river course in Binhai New Area of Tianjin,in order to determine the optimal dosage.
In this study,we used the laboratory simulation method to investigate the changes of the physical and chemical properties of bottom sediment and the overlying water quality as a function of the dosage of self-made bio-chemical compounding agent(with "denitrifying bacteria-calcium nitrate" as the main raw material)in the in-situ biochemical remediation of black-odor sediment.Based on comprehensive consideration,we determined that the optimal and cost-saving dosage of treatment agent for the removal of black-odor pollutants should be 2 000mg/L(calculated as calcium nitrate-N).After burying the sediment treatment agent in the test sediment for 30 days,we found the TP of the overlying water(400ml)was reduced from 0.50mg/L to 0.36mg/L;CODCr,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and nitrite nitrogen respectively increased from 31mg/L,0.10mg/L,0.65mg/L,and 0.07mg/L to 325 mg/L,30.27 mg/L,4.91 mg/L,and 13.55 mg/L;the sediment AVS was reduced from 1.31μmol/g to 0.35μmol/g;the sediment looked loose and expanded,and turned from black to yellow.We judged that this dosage worked well on the treatment of black-odor sediment.It can be used as the basis for further pilot study on the in-situ remediation of black-odor sediment in a river course in Binhai New Area of Tianjin,in order to determine the optimal dosage.
引文
[1]涂玮灵.反硝化菌剂对黑臭河道底泥的修复效果及条件优化研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.(TU W L.Study on the remediation effect and condition optimization of denitrifying bacteria on black stinky river sediment[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014.(in Chinese))DOI:10.7666/d.D524337.
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[3]颜昌宙,范成新,杨建华,等.湖泊底泥环保疏浚技术研究展望[J].环境污染与防治,2004(3):189-192,243.(YAN C Z,FAN C X,YANG J H,et al.Prospects of environmental dredging technology for lake sediments[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2004(3):189-192,243.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3865.2004.03.010.
[4]徐祖信,张锦平,廖振良,等.苏州河底泥对上复水水质污染影响[J].城市环境与城市生态,2005(6):1-3.(XU Z X,ZHANG J P,LIAO Z L,et al.Influence of Suzhou River bottom mud on water quality pollution of Shangfu Water[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2005(6):1-3.(in Chinese))
[5]于玉彬,黄勇.城市河流黑臭原因及机理的研究进展[J].环境科技,2010,23(S2):111-114.(YU Y B,HUANG Y.Research progress on the causes and mechanisms of black odor in urban rivers[J].环境科技,2010,23(S2):111-114.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2010.z2.037.
[6]应太林,张国莹,吴芯芯.苏州河水体黑臭机理及底质再悬浮对水体的影响[J].上海环境科学,1997(1):23-26.(YING T L,ZHANG G Y,WU X X.The mechanism of black odor in Suzhou River water body and the effect of sediment resuspension on water body[J].Shanghai Environmental Science,1997(1):23-26.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02951625.
[7]钟继承,范成新.底泥疏浚效果及环境效应研究进展[J].湖泊科学,2007(1):1-10.(ZHONG J C,FAN C X.Research progress on dredging effect and environmental effects of sediments[J].Journal of Lake Science,2007(1):1-10.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1003-5427.2007.01.001.
[8]毕磊,邱凌峰.污染底泥修复治理技术[J].中国环保产业,2010(11):32-35.(BI L,QIU L F.Remediation technology of contaminated sediment[J].China Environmental Protection Industry,2010(11):32-35.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5377.2010.11.009.
[9] GERLINDE W,THOMAS G,KLAUS K,et al.Sediment treatment with a nitrate-storing compound to reduce phosphorus release[J].Water Research,2004,39(2).DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2004.10.017.
[10]林玉环,郭明新,庄岩.底泥中酸性挥发硫及同步浸提金属的测定[J].环境科学学报,1997(3):97-102.(LIN Y H,GUO M X,ZHUANG Y.Determination of acidic volatile sulfur and simultaneous extraction of metals in sediment[J].Acta Scientiae Sinica Sinica Sinica,1997(3):97-102.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02951625.
[11] Phosphorus sorption-desorption characteristics of ditch sediments from different land uses in a small headwater catchment in the central Sichuan Basin of China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2012,9(3):441-450.DOI:10.1007/s11629-009-2207-8.
[12]熊跃辉.我国城市黑臭水体成因与防治技术政策[N].中国环境报,2015-06-11(002).(XIONG Y H.The cause of formation and prevention and control technology of urban black and odorous water in China[N].China Environment News,2015-06-11(002).(in Chinese))
[13]何清溪,张穗,方正信,等.大亚湾沉积物中氮和磷的地球化学形态分配特征[J].热带海洋,1992(2):38-45.(HE Q X,ZHANG S,FANG Z X,et al.Characteristics of geochemical forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediments from Daya Bay[J].Tropical Ocean,1992(2):38-45.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02677081.
[14]刘景春,严重玲,胡俊.水体沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)研究进展[J].生态学报,2004(4):812-818.(LIU J C,YAN Z L,HU J.Research progress of acid volatile sulfide(AVS)in water sediments[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004(4):812-818.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.04.024.
[15]杨旭楠,潘汉平,许玫英,等.一种修复黑臭河道底泥的环保型硝酸钙缓释颗粒及其制备方法[P].广东:CN105800899A,2016-07-27.(YANG X N,PAN H P,XU M Y,et al An environmentally friendly calcium nitrate slow release granule for repairing black mud river bottom sediment and its preparation method[P].Guangdong:CN105800899A,2016-07-27.(in Chinese))
[2]水污染防治行动计划[N].中国环境报,2015-04-17(002).(Water Pollution Prevention Action Plan[N].China Environment News,2015-04-17(002).(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5377.2015.05.001.
[3]颜昌宙,范成新,杨建华,等.湖泊底泥环保疏浚技术研究展望[J].环境污染与防治,2004(3):189-192,243.(YAN C Z,FAN C X,YANG J H,et al.Prospects of environmental dredging technology for lake sediments[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2004(3):189-192,243.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3865.2004.03.010.
[4]徐祖信,张锦平,廖振良,等.苏州河底泥对上复水水质污染影响[J].城市环境与城市生态,2005(6):1-3.(XU Z X,ZHANG J P,LIAO Z L,et al.Influence of Suzhou River bottom mud on water quality pollution of Shangfu Water[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2005(6):1-3.(in Chinese))
[5]于玉彬,黄勇.城市河流黑臭原因及机理的研究进展[J].环境科技,2010,23(S2):111-114.(YU Y B,HUANG Y.Research progress on the causes and mechanisms of black odor in urban rivers[J].环境科技,2010,23(S2):111-114.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4829.2010.z2.037.
[6]应太林,张国莹,吴芯芯.苏州河水体黑臭机理及底质再悬浮对水体的影响[J].上海环境科学,1997(1):23-26.(YING T L,ZHANG G Y,WU X X.The mechanism of black odor in Suzhou River water body and the effect of sediment resuspension on water body[J].Shanghai Environmental Science,1997(1):23-26.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02951625.
[7]钟继承,范成新.底泥疏浚效果及环境效应研究进展[J].湖泊科学,2007(1):1-10.(ZHONG J C,FAN C X.Research progress on dredging effect and environmental effects of sediments[J].Journal of Lake Science,2007(1):1-10.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1003-5427.2007.01.001.
[8]毕磊,邱凌峰.污染底泥修复治理技术[J].中国环保产业,2010(11):32-35.(BI L,QIU L F.Remediation technology of contaminated sediment[J].China Environmental Protection Industry,2010(11):32-35.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5377.2010.11.009.
[9] GERLINDE W,THOMAS G,KLAUS K,et al.Sediment treatment with a nitrate-storing compound to reduce phosphorus release[J].Water Research,2004,39(2).DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2004.10.017.
[10]林玉环,郭明新,庄岩.底泥中酸性挥发硫及同步浸提金属的测定[J].环境科学学报,1997(3):97-102.(LIN Y H,GUO M X,ZHUANG Y.Determination of acidic volatile sulfur and simultaneous extraction of metals in sediment[J].Acta Scientiae Sinica Sinica Sinica,1997(3):97-102.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02951625.
[11] Phosphorus sorption-desorption characteristics of ditch sediments from different land uses in a small headwater catchment in the central Sichuan Basin of China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2012,9(3):441-450.DOI:10.1007/s11629-009-2207-8.
[12]熊跃辉.我国城市黑臭水体成因与防治技术政策[N].中国环境报,2015-06-11(002).(XIONG Y H.The cause of formation and prevention and control technology of urban black and odorous water in China[N].China Environment News,2015-06-11(002).(in Chinese))
[13]何清溪,张穗,方正信,等.大亚湾沉积物中氮和磷的地球化学形态分配特征[J].热带海洋,1992(2):38-45.(HE Q X,ZHANG S,FANG Z X,et al.Characteristics of geochemical forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediments from Daya Bay[J].Tropical Ocean,1992(2):38-45.(in Chinese))DOI:10.1007/BF02677081.
[14]刘景春,严重玲,胡俊.水体沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)研究进展[J].生态学报,2004(4):812-818.(LIU J C,YAN Z L,HU J.Research progress of acid volatile sulfide(AVS)in water sediments[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004(4):812-818.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.04.024.
[15]杨旭楠,潘汉平,许玫英,等.一种修复黑臭河道底泥的环保型硝酸钙缓释颗粒及其制备方法[P].广东:CN105800899A,2016-07-27.(YANG X N,PAN H P,XU M Y,et al An environmentally friendly calcium nitrate slow release granule for repairing black mud river bottom sediment and its preparation method[P].Guangdong:CN105800899A,2016-07-27.(in Chinese))
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