贵州梵净山前寒武系甚低级变质作用研究
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摘要
本文运用伊利石结晶度、绿泥石结晶度、云母b0值和绿泥石地质温度计研究了梵净山前寒武系甚低级变质作用。结果表明经Kisch伊利石结晶度标样校正的伊利石结晶度Kübler指数为0.20~0.99°Δ2θ,绿泥石结晶度árkai指数为0.22~0.63°Δ2θ。由此阐明梵净山前寒武系经历了成岩作用到浅变质作用的影响,迄今依然保留了成岩带、近变质带和浅变质带的岩石记录。成岩岩石具有伊蒙混层特征成岩指示矿物,浅变质带具有钠云母特征变质指示矿物。钾云母(伊利石)b0值范围为:0.9000~0.9045nm;平均0.9018nm,b0值累积频率曲线分布介于典型中压—中低压系列之间,估算的压力为366MPa。峰期变质温度为293~364℃,平均342℃,古变质温压梯度为27℃/km。近变质带界线穿越地层和梵净山背斜轴线,表明甚低级变质作用为成岩-构造运动同期或后期构造增厚引起下部和底部岩石随温压的升高而产生的。
The very low to low-grade metamorphism overprinting on the Precambrian in Fanjingshan area was investigated with illite crystallinity,chlorite crystallinity,b0 value of K-micas(illite)and geothermometry of chlorite.The results demonstrate that illite crystallinity Kübler index(KI),calibrated with Kisch IC set,ranges from 0.20～0.99°Δ2θ,and the árkai index of chlorite crystallinity ranges as 0.22～0.63°Δ2θ,indicating the Precambrian in Fanjingshan area encountered with the geological processes from diagensis to epimetamorphism,and it remains diagenetic,anchizonal and epizonal records in rocks in the area studied.The diagenetic rock contains diagenetic index mineral illite-montmoriolite mixed-layer phase while anchizonal rock bears metamorphic index mineral paragonite.The b0 of K-micas(illite)ranges 0.9000～0.9045 nm,and on average 0.9018 nm or roughly equivalent to 366 MPa.The cumulative frequency curve of b0 stands in between the curves of N.New Hampshire and Otago,indicating the metamorphic pressures condition in between low-intermediate pressure and intermediate pressure facies.Peak metamorphic temperature was evaluated at 293～364℃and average 342℃.Therefore the palaeo-gradient was derived at 27℃/km.The anchizonal boundaries across strata and folding axis of the Fanjingshan anticline,clarifying the syn-to post-sedimentary or structural movement of epimetamorphism,which caused the increasing in depth and the rising of temperature and pressure in rocks at the bottom or lower part of basin due to structural burial.
The very low to low-grade metamorphism overprinting on the Precambrian in Fanjingshan area was investigated with illite crystallinity,chlorite crystallinity,b0 value of K-micas(illite)and geothermometry of chlorite.The results demonstrate that illite crystallinity Kübler index(KI),calibrated with Kisch IC set,ranges from 0.20～0.99°Δ2θ,and the árkai index of chlorite crystallinity ranges as 0.22～0.63°Δ2θ,indicating the Precambrian in Fanjingshan area encountered with the geological processes from diagensis to epimetamorphism,and it remains diagenetic,anchizonal and epizonal records in rocks in the area studied.The diagenetic rock contains diagenetic index mineral illite-montmoriolite mixed-layer phase while anchizonal rock bears metamorphic index mineral paragonite.The b0 of K-micas(illite)ranges 0.9000～0.9045 nm,and on average 0.9018 nm or roughly equivalent to 366 MPa.The cumulative frequency curve of b0 stands in between the curves of N.New Hampshire and Otago,indicating the metamorphic pressures condition in between low-intermediate pressure and intermediate pressure facies.Peak metamorphic temperature was evaluated at 293～364℃and average 342℃.Therefore the palaeo-gradient was derived at 27℃/km.The anchizonal boundaries across strata and folding axis of the Fanjingshan anticline,clarifying the syn-to post-sedimentary or structural movement of epimetamorphism,which caused the increasing in depth and the rising of temperature and pressure in rocks at the bottom or lower part of basin due to structural burial.
引文
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Cathelineau M.1988.Cation site occupancy in chlorites and illites as a function of temperature.Clay Minerals,23:471~485.
Chen Wei,Kong Zhigang,Liu Fengxian,Wang Xuewu,Deng Mingguo,Zhao Jianxing,Liu Yang,Zhang Xinghua.2017.Geology,geochemistry,ore and genesis of the Nayongzhi PbZn deposit,Guizhou Province,NW.China.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(6):1269~1284(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Cui Min,Tan Liangjie,Guo Tonglou,Ning Fei,Tian Haiqin,Hu Dongfeng.2009.Structural style and thrust breakthrough model of fold in southeast Guizhou.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,34(6):907~913(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ding Xiaozhong,Gao Linzhi,Liu Xueyan,Han Kunying,Pang Jianfeng.2013.Framework and geochronology constrains on Newproterozoic in Jiangnan palaeo-tereau.Journal of Straigraphy,37(4):626~627(in Chinese with English abstract).
Du Dingquan,Liu Zhichen,Sun Shijun,Guo Shanyi,Chen Pan.2010.Spatial correlation analysis for the structure controlling gold deposits in the southeastern Guizhou Province.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,29(4):380~387(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fan Qichao,Zhang Chuanheng,You Guoqing,Dong Linlin,Liu Qubo,Lu Chenming.2017.Sedimentary features and basin prototype of Fanjingshan Group.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,38(4):513~522(in Chinese with English abstract).
Frey M.1987.Very low-grade metamorphism of clastic sedimentary rocks.In:Frey M,ed.Low Temperature Metamorphism.LondonUK:Blackie,9~58.
Gao Linzhi,Chen Jianshu,Dai Chuangu,Ding Xiaozhong,Wang Xuehua,Liu Yanxue,Wang Min,Zhang Heng.2014.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of tuff in Fanjingshan Group and Xiajiang Group from Guizhou and Hunan Provinces and its stratigraphic implications.Geological Bulletin of China,33(7):949~959(in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Jiqing.1941.Chiangnania:Caledonides of the south of the Yangtze River.Geological Review,6(Z2):293~294(in Chinese with English abstract).
Inoue A,Meunier A,Patrier-Mas P,Rigault C,Beaufort D,Vieillard P.2009.Application of chemical geothermometry to low-temperature trioctahedral chlorites.Clays and Clay Minerals,57:371~382.
Kisch H J.1991.Illite crystallinity:Recommendations on samples preparation,X-ray diffraction settings,and interlaboratory samples.Journal of Metamorphic Geology,9:665~670.
Kübler B.1964.Les argiles,indicateurs de metamorphisme.Rev.Inst.Fr.Pétrol.,19:1093~1112.
Kübler B.1967.La cristallinitéde l’illite et les zones toutàfait supérieures du métamorphisme.Etages tectoniques,ColloqueàNeuchtel1966.Neuchtel,Suisse:A la Baconnière.105~121.
Kübler B.1968.Evaluation quantitative du métamorphisme par la cristallinitéde l’illite.Bull Cent Rech Pau-SNPA,2:385~397.
Kübler B.1984.Les indicateurs des transformations physiques et chimiques dans la diagenese,températurèet calorimétrie.In:Lagache M,ed.Thermobarométrie et Barométrie Géologiques Societe de Francais Minéalogie et Cristallographie,Paris,489~596.Baconniere,NeuchtelVols.105~121.
Li Xianhua.1996.Sm-Nd isotopic systematic of Sibao group from the southern margin of Yangtze block:implications for the crustal evolution.Scientia Geologica Sinica,31(3):218~228(in Chinese with English abstract).
Qin Shourong.2000.Major metamorphic phases of regional metamorphic rocks of Precambrian System of Guizhou.Guizhou Geology,17(3):180~182(in Chinese with English abstract).
Reynolds R C Jr.1985.NEWMOD_A computer program for the calculation of one-dimensional diffraction patterns of mixed layered clays.R.C.Reynolds,Jr.,8Brook Dr.,Hanover,release 2017.
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