格尔木河流域土壤湿度时空变化及其影响因素研究
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摘要
土壤湿度是表征土壤含水量的一种相对变量,是地下水-地表水-大气水循环系统的核心和纽带。研究土壤湿度的分布特征及其影响因素对干旱地区的生态环境保护具有重要意义。文章基于MODIS数据,应用表观热惯量(ATI)法反演了格尔木河流域土壤湿度时空变化规律并分析其影响因素。为了研究结果的可靠性,利用Mann-Kendall方法进行了趋势检验分析,利用CLDAS数据和野外实测土壤含水量数据对遥感反演结果进行了检验验证,结果表明:2002—2016年格尔木河流域土壤湿度总体呈现上升趋势,并且通过Mann-Kendall检验分析,结果显示2008年发生突变,上升趋势明显。通过对流域不同用地类型的解译,北部盐池平均ATI值最高为0.088;中部及南部大面积裸土平均ATI值最低为0.028;自然植被与耕、林地平均ATI值分别为0.034和0.033。遥感反演土壤湿度结果与CLDAS数据和野外实测土壤含水量数据的相关性分别为0.85和0.59,相关性较高,说明遥感反演结果具有一定的可靠性。与蒸发、植被有良好的响应关系,相关系数分别为0.92和0.79。
Soil moisture is a relative variable which can characterize soil water content.It is the core and connection among the groundwater,surface water and atmosphere water cycle system.It is of great significance to study the distribution characteristics of soil moisture and its impact factors on the ecological environment protection in arid regions.Based on MODIS data,this paper uses the apparent thermal inertia(ATI) method to invert the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in the Golmud River Basin and analyzes its impact factors.In order to examine the reliability of the results,the Mann-Kendall method is used to verify the trend test analysis.The CLDAS data and the field measured soil water content data are used to verify the remote sensing inversion results.The results show that from 2002 to 2016,the soil moisture in the Golmud River Basin generally shows an increased trend,and the Mann-Kendall test show that the mutation occurred in 2008 and the increasing trend is obvious.According to interpretation of different land types,the northern salt pond has the highest average ATI value of 0.088.The average ATI value,0.028,of the bare soil in the middle and southern areas is the lowest.The average ATI values of the natural vegetation,farmland and forest land are0.034 and 0.033,respectively.The correlations between the remote sensing inversion soil moisture results and CLDAS data and field measured soil water content data are 0.85 and 0.59,respectively,and the highcorrelation indicates that the remote sensing inversion results are of certain reliability.The soil moisture has good response relationship with vegetation and evapotranspiration,and the correlation coefficients are 0.92 and0.79,respectively.
Soil moisture is a relative variable which can characterize soil water content.It is the core and connection among the groundwater,surface water and atmosphere water cycle system.It is of great significance to study the distribution characteristics of soil moisture and its impact factors on the ecological environment protection in arid regions.Based on MODIS data,this paper uses the apparent thermal inertia(ATI) method to invert the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in the Golmud River Basin and analyzes its impact factors.In order to examine the reliability of the results,the Mann-Kendall method is used to verify the trend test analysis.The CLDAS data and the field measured soil water content data are used to verify the remote sensing inversion results.The results show that from 2002 to 2016,the soil moisture in the Golmud River Basin generally shows an increased trend,and the Mann-Kendall test show that the mutation occurred in 2008 and the increasing trend is obvious.According to interpretation of different land types,the northern salt pond has the highest average ATI value of 0.088.The average ATI value,0.028,of the bare soil in the middle and southern areas is the lowest.The average ATI values of the natural vegetation,farmland and forest land are0.034 and 0.033,respectively.The correlations between the remote sensing inversion soil moisture results and CLDAS data and field measured soil water content data are 0.85 and 0.59,respectively,and the highcorrelation indicates that the remote sensing inversion results are of certain reliability.The soil moisture has good response relationship with vegetation and evapotranspiration,and the correlation coefficients are 0.92 and0.79,respectively.
引文
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[8]杨树聪.基于表观热惯量MODIS数据的土壤水分监测研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2011.[YANG S C.Study on soil moisture monitoring based on apparent thermal inertia MODIS data[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011.(in Chinese)]
[9]吴黎,张有智,解文欢,等.改进的表观热惯量法反演土壤含水量[J].国土资源遥感,2013(1):44-49.[WU L,ZHANG Y Z,XIE W H,et al.The inversion of soil water content by the improved apparent thermal inertia[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2013(1):44-49.(in Chinese)]
[10]赵家旭,郑碧玉,昝明寿,等.格尔木河中下游冲洪积扇地下水数学模型及环境地质研究[R].青海:青海省柴达木综合地质勘查大队,1990.[ZHAO JX,ZHENG B Y,ZAN M S,et al.Study on groundwater mathematical model and environmental geology of alluvial fan in the middle and lower reaches of Golmud River[R].Qinghai:Qaidam Comprehensive Geological Exploration Brigade of Qinghai Province,1990.(in Chinese)]
[11]刘燕华.柴达木盆地水资源合理利用与生态环境保护[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:68-69.[LIU YH.Rational utilization of water resources and ecological environment protection in Qaidam Basin[M].Beijing:Sciense Press,2000:68-69.(in Chinese)]
[12]李健,王辉,黄勇,等.柴达木盆地格尔木河流域生态需水量初步估算探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(1):71-75.[LI J,WANG H,HUANG Y,et al.Preliminary estimation on ecological consumptionof water of Gelmud River in Chaidamu Basin[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2008,35(1):71-75.(in Chinese)]
[13]金晓媚,郭任宏,夏薇.基于MODIS数据的柴达木盆地区域蒸散量的变化特征[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(6):8-13.[JIN X M,GUO R H,XIAW.Variation of regional evapotranspiration of Qaidam Basin using MODIS data[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2013,40(6):8-13.(in Chinese)]
[14]Rosema A,Bijleveld J H,Reiniger P,et al.Acombined surface temperature,soil moisture and evaporation mapping approach[A].Intern.Symp.on Remote Sensing of Environment;12th[C],1978
[15]F N Kogan.Remote sensing of weather impacts on vegetation in non-homogeneous areas[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1990,11(8):1405-1419.
[16]Dorigo W,Wagner W,Bauer-Marschallinger B,et al.Constructing and analyzing a 32-years climate data record of remotely sensed soil moisture[R].2012.
[17]John C Price.On the analysis of thermal infrared imagery:The limited utility of apparent thermal inertia[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1985,18(1):59-73.
[18]Liang S L.Narrowband to broadband conversions o landsurface albedo I Algorithms[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2001,76(2):213-238.
[19]钱湛,王维俊,黎昔春,等.基于Mann-Kendall法对洞庭湖区三口入湖水量趋势性分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(1):96-100.[QIAN Z,WANG WJ,LI X C,et al.Research on the control index of four river ecological base flow in Dongting Lake Area[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2018(1):96-100.(in Chinese)]
[20]Vahid Nourani,Ali Danandeh Mehr,Narges Azad.Trend analysis of hydroclimatological variables in Urmia lake basin using hybrid wavelet MannKendall and爦en tests[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2018,77(5):207.
[21]刘聚涛,方少文,冯倩,等.基于Mann-Kendall法的湖泊稳态转换突变分析[J].中国环境科学,2015(12):3707-3713.[LIU J T,FANG S W,FENG Q,et al.Analysis of regime shift in Taihu Lake based on Mann-Kendall method[J].China Environmental Science,2015(12):3707-3713.(in Chinese)]
[22]Tosunoglu,Fatih.Trend analyses of Turkish Euphrates Basin streamflow by innovative Sen'strend method and tranditional Mann-Kendall test[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2018,27(1):446-458.
[23]张盛霖,邓高燕,黄勇奇.Mann-Kendall检验法在Excel中的实现与应用[EB/OL].北京:中国科技论文在线,2014[2014-06-27].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201406-448.[ZHANG S L,DENG G Y,HUANG Y Q.Implement and application of Mann-Kendall test method in Excel EB/OL].Beijing:Sciencepaper Online,2014[2014-06-27].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201406-448.(in Chinese)]
[24]Z Su.The Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS)for estimation of turbulent heat fluxes[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2002,6(1):85-100.
[2]王凯霖.柴达木盆地平原区土壤湿度的遥感反演及对蒸散发的影响[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016.[WANG K L.Soil moisture retrieval from remote sensingand its impacton evapotranspirationinthe plain area of Qaidam Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2016.(in Chinese)]
[3]潘卫华,张春桂,李文,等.基于TM数据的地表土壤湿度反演试验研究:A集[C]//北京:中国气象学会,2006.[PAN W H,ZHANG C G,LI W,et al.Experimental study on surface soil moisture retrieval based on TM data:A[C]//Beijing:China Meteorological Society,2006.(in Chinese)]
[4]汪潇,张增祥,赵晓丽,等.遥感监测土壤水分研究综述[J].土壤学报,2007,44(1):157-163.[WANG X,ZHANG Z X,ZHAO X L,et al.A review of researches on monitoring of soil moisture by remote sensing[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2007,44(1):157-163.(in Chinese)]
[5]段瑞琪,董艳辉,周鹏鹏,等.高光谱遥感水文地质应用新进展[J].水文地质工程地质,2017,44(4):23-29.[DUAN R Q,DONG Y H,ZHOU P P,et al.Advances in application of hyperspectral remote sensing in hydrogeology[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2017,44(4):23-29.(in Chinese)]
[6]辛景峰.区域旱情遥感监测研究[D].北京:中国科学院遥感应用研究所,2003.[XIN J F.Study on remote sensing monitoring of regional drought[D].Beijing:Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2003.(in Chinese)]
[7]Jasper Van doninck,Jan Peters,Bernard De Baets,et al.The potential of multitemporal Aqua and Terra MODIS apparent thermal inertia as a soil moisture indicator[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2011,13(6):934-941
[8]杨树聪.基于表观热惯量MODIS数据的土壤水分监测研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2011.[YANG S C.Study on soil moisture monitoring based on apparent thermal inertia MODIS data[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011.(in Chinese)]
[9]吴黎,张有智,解文欢,等.改进的表观热惯量法反演土壤含水量[J].国土资源遥感,2013(1):44-49.[WU L,ZHANG Y Z,XIE W H,et al.The inversion of soil water content by the improved apparent thermal inertia[J].Remote Sensing for Land&Resources,2013(1):44-49.(in Chinese)]
[10]赵家旭,郑碧玉,昝明寿,等.格尔木河中下游冲洪积扇地下水数学模型及环境地质研究[R].青海:青海省柴达木综合地质勘查大队,1990.[ZHAO JX,ZHENG B Y,ZAN M S,et al.Study on groundwater mathematical model and environmental geology of alluvial fan in the middle and lower reaches of Golmud River[R].Qinghai:Qaidam Comprehensive Geological Exploration Brigade of Qinghai Province,1990.(in Chinese)]
[11]刘燕华.柴达木盆地水资源合理利用与生态环境保护[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:68-69.[LIU YH.Rational utilization of water resources and ecological environment protection in Qaidam Basin[M].Beijing:Sciense Press,2000:68-69.(in Chinese)]
[12]李健,王辉,黄勇,等.柴达木盆地格尔木河流域生态需水量初步估算探讨[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,35(1):71-75.[LI J,WANG H,HUANG Y,et al.Preliminary estimation on ecological consumptionof water of Gelmud River in Chaidamu Basin[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2008,35(1):71-75.(in Chinese)]
[13]金晓媚,郭任宏,夏薇.基于MODIS数据的柴达木盆地区域蒸散量的变化特征[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(6):8-13.[JIN X M,GUO R H,XIAW.Variation of regional evapotranspiration of Qaidam Basin using MODIS data[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2013,40(6):8-13.(in Chinese)]
[14]Rosema A,Bijleveld J H,Reiniger P,et al.Acombined surface temperature,soil moisture and evaporation mapping approach[A].Intern.Symp.on Remote Sensing of Environment;12th[C],1978
[15]F N Kogan.Remote sensing of weather impacts on vegetation in non-homogeneous areas[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1990,11(8):1405-1419.
[16]Dorigo W,Wagner W,Bauer-Marschallinger B,et al.Constructing and analyzing a 32-years climate data record of remotely sensed soil moisture[R].2012.
[17]John C Price.On the analysis of thermal infrared imagery:The limited utility of apparent thermal inertia[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1985,18(1):59-73.
[18]Liang S L.Narrowband to broadband conversions o landsurface albedo I Algorithms[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2001,76(2):213-238.
[19]钱湛,王维俊,黎昔春,等.基于Mann-Kendall法对洞庭湖区三口入湖水量趋势性分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(1):96-100.[QIAN Z,WANG WJ,LI X C,et al.Research on the control index of four river ecological base flow in Dongting Lake Area[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2018(1):96-100.(in Chinese)]
[20]Vahid Nourani,Ali Danandeh Mehr,Narges Azad.Trend analysis of hydroclimatological variables in Urmia lake basin using hybrid wavelet MannKendall and爦en tests[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2018,77(5):207.
[21]刘聚涛,方少文,冯倩,等.基于Mann-Kendall法的湖泊稳态转换突变分析[J].中国环境科学,2015(12):3707-3713.[LIU J T,FANG S W,FENG Q,et al.Analysis of regime shift in Taihu Lake based on Mann-Kendall method[J].China Environmental Science,2015(12):3707-3713.(in Chinese)]
[22]Tosunoglu,Fatih.Trend analyses of Turkish Euphrates Basin streamflow by innovative Sen'strend method and tranditional Mann-Kendall test[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2018,27(1):446-458.
[23]张盛霖,邓高燕,黄勇奇.Mann-Kendall检验法在Excel中的实现与应用[EB/OL].北京:中国科技论文在线,2014[2014-06-27].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201406-448.[ZHANG S L,DENG G Y,HUANG Y Q.Implement and application of Mann-Kendall test method in Excel EB/OL].Beijing:Sciencepaper Online,2014[2014-06-27].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201406-448.(in Chinese)]
[24]Z Su.The Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS)for estimation of turbulent heat fluxes[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2002,6(1):85-100.
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