西北典型城区湖泊湿地水环境承载力研究
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摘要
西北地区是我国典型的生态脆弱区,也是未来重要的经济发展区域。该区干旱少雨,水资源缺乏,少量的湖泊湿地是该区重要的生态系统和城市景观。针对西北典型城区湖泊湿地水环境承载力与城市发展关系问题,以宁夏回族自治区三个不同发展程度的城市湖泊湿地为研究区域,基于DPSIR模型,结合实验室水质测定结果,构建湖泊湿地水环境承载力评价指标体系,运用熵权法和水环境承载力综合指数法对三市城区湖泊湿地水环境承载力开展研究。研究结果显示:银川市的湖泊湿地水环境承载力大于中卫市,为基本可承载水平;石嘴山市承载力水平均小于两市,属弱可承载水平。限制石嘴山市水环境承载力的主要影响因素为湖泊湿地水质状况和环境治理水平,因此在未来的转型发展中,石嘴山市可从改善湖泊水质,提高城市植被覆盖度、提高工业废水处理能力等方面着手改善城市环境,提高城市湖泊湿地水环境承载能力。
The Northwest region is a typical ecologically vulnerable area in China. It's also an important region of economic development in the future. It is dry and less rainy,so a small number of lake wetlands are very important urban ecosystem and landscap. Aiming at the relationship between carrying capacity and development of typical urban areas in northwest China,this paper selects three lake wetlands in different degrees of economic development cities in Ningxia,based on DPSIR model,combining the results of water quality determination in lab,constitutes an evaluation indexes system of the water environmental carrying capacity,and adopts entropy weight and comprehensive index method for carrying capacity of water environment. The results show that the carrying capacity of Yin Chuan is more than that of Zhongwei City,both of which are barely bearable; the carrying capacity of Shi Zuishan is weak,which is lower than those two cities. The key limiting factors are water quality and level of environmental governance. So in the future transformation and development,the government can improve water quality of lake wetland,increase vegetation coverage,improve wastewater treatment and some other aspects to improve the quality of the urban environment and water environmental carrying capacity of urban lakes and wetlands.
The Northwest region is a typical ecologically vulnerable area in China. It's also an important region of economic development in the future. It is dry and less rainy,so a small number of lake wetlands are very important urban ecosystem and landscap. Aiming at the relationship between carrying capacity and development of typical urban areas in northwest China,this paper selects three lake wetlands in different degrees of economic development cities in Ningxia,based on DPSIR model,combining the results of water quality determination in lab,constitutes an evaluation indexes system of the water environmental carrying capacity,and adopts entropy weight and comprehensive index method for carrying capacity of water environment. The results show that the carrying capacity of Yin Chuan is more than that of Zhongwei City,both of which are barely bearable; the carrying capacity of Shi Zuishan is weak,which is lower than those two cities. The key limiting factors are water quality and level of environmental governance. So in the future transformation and development,the government can improve water quality of lake wetland,increase vegetation coverage,improve wastewater treatment and some other aspects to improve the quality of the urban environment and water environmental carrying capacity of urban lakes and wetlands.
引文
[1]黄璨,邓宏兵,李小帆,等.公共资源类旅游景区水环境承载力研究——以武汉市东湖风景区为例[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(9):2 626-2 631.
[2]程玲洁.基于PSR的福山镇水环境承载力评价研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.
[3]李新,石建屏,.基于指标体系和层次分析法的洱海流域水环境承载力动态研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(6):1 338-1 344.
[4]李姣,严定容.湖南省及洞庭湖区重点城市水环境承载力研究[J].经济地理,2013,33(10):157-162.
[5]HUANG G,ISOBE M.Carrying capacity of wetlands for massive migratory waterfowl[J].Hydrobiologia,2012,697(1):5-14.
[6]汪嘉杨,翟庆伟,郭倩,等.太湖流域水环境承载力评价研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(5):1 979-1 987.
[7]陈海涛.太湖流域近20年水环境承载力动态评价[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(12):2 186-2 192.
[8]马巾英.东江湖库区水环境承载力评价及协调发展研究[J].经济地理,2015,35(11):184-189.
[9]DING L,CHEN K,CHENG S,et al.Water ecological carrying capacity of urban lakes in the context of rapid urbanization:A case study of East Lake in Wuhan[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2015,89:104-113.
[10]佚名.宁夏湿地[J].宁夏林业,2017(3):50-51.
[11]杨丽芳,钟艳霞,李小宇.基于PSR模型的鸣翠湖湿地生态系统健康评价[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(3):38-43.
[12]田欣.星海湖湿地生态安全评估与预警研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2018.
[13]马忠平.星海湖湿地综合整治中生态规划与景观设计的思考[J].中国水利,2011(10):61-63.
[14]黄文琳,王鹏,杜温鑫,等.基于DPSIR模型与集对分析法的三峡库区水生态安全评价[J].中国市场,2017,(14):33-35.
[15]GARI S R,NEWTON A,ICELY J D.A review of the application and evolution of the DPSIR framework with an emphasis on coastal social-ecological systems[J].Ocean&coastal management,2015,103:63-77.
[16]艾昕.基于DPSIR概念框架的区域水土保持效益评价探究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2017,45(2):183-185.
[17]BORJA A,GALPARSORO I,Solaun O,et al.The European Water Framework Directive and the DPSIR,a methodological approach to assess the risk of failing to achieve good ecological status[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,66(1):84-96.
[18]朱莲莲,谢永宏,宋冰冰,等.基于DPSIR模型的湖南省生态安全评价及安全格局分析[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(6):1 084-1 090.
[19]林恩惠,修新田,郭进辉,等.基于SD和DPSIR模型的湿地公园旅游环境承载力模拟研究——以闽江河口国家湿地公园为例[J].林业经济,2017,39(6):32-37.
[20]王奎峰,李娜,于学峰,等.基于P-S-R概念模型的生态环境承载力评价指标体系研究——以山东半岛为例[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(8):2 133-2 139.
[21]董徐艳,陈豪,何开为,等.云南省水环境承载力动态变化研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(S1):346-352,370.
[22]GB3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].
[2]程玲洁.基于PSR的福山镇水环境承载力评价研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.
[3]李新,石建屏,.基于指标体系和层次分析法的洱海流域水环境承载力动态研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(6):1 338-1 344.
[4]李姣,严定容.湖南省及洞庭湖区重点城市水环境承载力研究[J].经济地理,2013,33(10):157-162.
[5]HUANG G,ISOBE M.Carrying capacity of wetlands for massive migratory waterfowl[J].Hydrobiologia,2012,697(1):5-14.
[6]汪嘉杨,翟庆伟,郭倩,等.太湖流域水环境承载力评价研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(5):1 979-1 987.
[7]陈海涛.太湖流域近20年水环境承载力动态评价[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(12):2 186-2 192.
[8]马巾英.东江湖库区水环境承载力评价及协调发展研究[J].经济地理,2015,35(11):184-189.
[9]DING L,CHEN K,CHENG S,et al.Water ecological carrying capacity of urban lakes in the context of rapid urbanization:A case study of East Lake in Wuhan[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2015,89:104-113.
[10]佚名.宁夏湿地[J].宁夏林业,2017(3):50-51.
[11]杨丽芳,钟艳霞,李小宇.基于PSR模型的鸣翠湖湿地生态系统健康评价[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(3):38-43.
[12]田欣.星海湖湿地生态安全评估与预警研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2018.
[13]马忠平.星海湖湿地综合整治中生态规划与景观设计的思考[J].中国水利,2011(10):61-63.
[14]黄文琳,王鹏,杜温鑫,等.基于DPSIR模型与集对分析法的三峡库区水生态安全评价[J].中国市场,2017,(14):33-35.
[15]GARI S R,NEWTON A,ICELY J D.A review of the application and evolution of the DPSIR framework with an emphasis on coastal social-ecological systems[J].Ocean&coastal management,2015,103:63-77.
[16]艾昕.基于DPSIR概念框架的区域水土保持效益评价探究[J].黑龙江水利科技,2017,45(2):183-185.
[17]BORJA A,GALPARSORO I,Solaun O,et al.The European Water Framework Directive and the DPSIR,a methodological approach to assess the risk of failing to achieve good ecological status[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2006,66(1):84-96.
[18]朱莲莲,谢永宏,宋冰冰,等.基于DPSIR模型的湖南省生态安全评价及安全格局分析[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(6):1 084-1 090.
[19]林恩惠,修新田,郭进辉,等.基于SD和DPSIR模型的湿地公园旅游环境承载力模拟研究——以闽江河口国家湿地公园为例[J].林业经济,2017,39(6):32-37.
[20]王奎峰,李娜,于学峰,等.基于P-S-R概念模型的生态环境承载力评价指标体系研究——以山东半岛为例[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(8):2 133-2 139.
[21]董徐艳,陈豪,何开为,等.云南省水环境承载力动态变化研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(S1):346-352,370.
[22]GB3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].