砾石分析在扇三角洲与湖岸线演化关系中的应用——以准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷周缘百口泉组为例
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摘要
通过建立南天山前博斯腾湖北缘现代清水河扇三角洲砾石变化与沉积搬运距离关系、砂砾质沉积物特征与湖岸线关系,基于现代与古代扇三角洲构造背景、气候条件、扇三角洲延伸长度、沉积坡度及砾石成分等相似性分析,运用"将今论古"的方法,形成厘定古代湖岸线发育部位与扇三角洲沉积物关系的地质参数。恢复出准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷周缘百口泉组沉积时期湖岸线发育位置与演化特征,认为湖岸线距物源区应小于32 km,平均砾石径应大于2.9 cm。百口泉组一段在玛湖凹陷中部发育早期扇体,是现今玛湖凹陷深层有利储集体发育部位的指向区。百二段湖侵次数应在2期以上,百三段湖盆范围最大。该方法为准确恢复百口泉组沉积时期岩相古地理特征提供了重要依据,也是对前人关于湖岸线迁移研究的有益补充。
We examine the relationship between gravel and transport distance in the modern Qingshuihe delta plain, north of Bosteng Lake, as well as the relationship between gravel development and the shoreline in fan deltas. We determine the geological parameters and reconstruct the ancient lake shoreline based on similarity analysis of the tectonic setting, climate, fan delta along length, sedimentary slope, and gravel composition of modern and ancient fan deltas. The distance from the sedimentary source to the lake is less than ca 32 km, and the gravel diameter is ca 2.9 cm on the shoreline. The early fan delta occurs in the middle of the Mahu Depression, in the first section of the Baikouquan Formation, and reservoirs developed in this area. There are more than two occurrences of lake level rise in the second section of the Baikouquan Formation. The largest lake area is in the third section of the Baikouquan Formation, and we examine its palaeogeography characteristics. We show the important role that gravel can play in analyzing the relationship between fan deltas and lake shorelines in a lacustrine basin.
We examine the relationship between gravel and transport distance in the modern Qingshuihe delta plain, north of Bosteng Lake, as well as the relationship between gravel development and the shoreline in fan deltas. We determine the geological parameters and reconstruct the ancient lake shoreline based on similarity analysis of the tectonic setting, climate, fan delta along length, sedimentary slope, and gravel composition of modern and ancient fan deltas. The distance from the sedimentary source to the lake is less than ca 32 km, and the gravel diameter is ca 2.9 cm on the shoreline. The early fan delta occurs in the middle of the Mahu Depression, in the first section of the Baikouquan Formation, and reservoirs developed in this area. There are more than two occurrences of lake level rise in the second section of the Baikouquan Formation. The largest lake area is in the third section of the Baikouquan Formation, and we examine its palaeogeography characteristics. We show the important role that gravel can play in analyzing the relationship between fan deltas and lake shorelines in a lacustrine basin.
引文
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