江汉平原东北部地区高铁锰地下水成因与分布规律
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摘要
肖港地区位于江汉平原东北部,属于大别山连片贫困区和贫水区,地下水资源较贫乏,且地下水水质不佳,水中铁锰离子含量普遍超过了国家饮用水标准。为查明高铁锰地下水成因及空间分布规律,服务区内地下水开发利用及安全供水问题,系统采集区内岩石、土壤和地下水样品,测试岩土与地下水中铁锰的含量,分析地下水中铁锰含量与含水层沉积物的铁锰含量、地下水的氧化还原条件和酸碱度之间的关系。结果表明:江汉平原东北部地区地下水中铁锰超标现象普遍存在,其中锰的超标率大于铁,第四系孔隙潜水超标最严重,铁锰最大浓度分别达到44. 88 mg/L和19. 21 mg/L。研究区岩土中铁锰氧化物为地下水中铁锰提供了物质来源,弱酸性、强还原环境为沉积物中铁锰的溶解释放提供了有利条件,总体上从研究区东西两侧(补给、径流区)向中部第四系孔隙潜水含水层(排泄区),沿地下水流向Eh值、pH值逐渐减小,铁锰含量逐渐增大,形成北北东向带状分布的高铁锰地下水区。
The Xiaogang region is located in the northeastern Jianghan Plain,and it belongs to the contiguous poverty-stricken areas and water-scarce areas of the Dabie Mountains. The groundwater resource is relatively rare and the groundwater quality is not good. The contents of iron and manganese in the water generally exceeds the national drinking water standard. In order to find out the genesis and spatial distribution of high iron and manganese groundwater,service the development and utilization of groundwater and the problem of water supply safety in the area,we systematically collected the rock,soil,and groundwater samples to test the iron and manganese contents,analyzed the relationship between the contents of iron and manganese in groundwater and the contents of iron and manganese in aquifer sediments,the redox conditions,and pH environment of groundwater. The results show that excessive iron and manganese in groundwater is widespread in the northeastern Jianghan Plain. Among them,the over-standard rate of manganese is greater than that of iron,and the Quaternary pore phreatic groundwater is the worst,with the maximum concentrations of iron and manganese reaching 44. 88 mg/L and 19. 21 mg/L,respectively. Iron and manganese oxides in rock and soil in the study area,providing material sources for iron and manganese in groundwater. The weak acidity and strong reduction environment provide favorable conditions for the dissolution and release of iron and manganese in sediments. In general,from the east-west sides of the study area( recharge and runoff areas) to the Quaternary pore aquifer( discharge area) in the middle of the study area,the Eh value and pH value along the groundwater flow direction gradually decrease, and the contents of Fe and Mn gradually increase and eventually form a northward high iron-manganese groundwater zone.
The Xiaogang region is located in the northeastern Jianghan Plain,and it belongs to the contiguous poverty-stricken areas and water-scarce areas of the Dabie Mountains. The groundwater resource is relatively rare and the groundwater quality is not good. The contents of iron and manganese in the water generally exceeds the national drinking water standard. In order to find out the genesis and spatial distribution of high iron and manganese groundwater,service the development and utilization of groundwater and the problem of water supply safety in the area,we systematically collected the rock,soil,and groundwater samples to test the iron and manganese contents,analyzed the relationship between the contents of iron and manganese in groundwater and the contents of iron and manganese in aquifer sediments,the redox conditions,and pH environment of groundwater. The results show that excessive iron and manganese in groundwater is widespread in the northeastern Jianghan Plain. Among them,the over-standard rate of manganese is greater than that of iron,and the Quaternary pore phreatic groundwater is the worst,with the maximum concentrations of iron and manganese reaching 44. 88 mg/L and 19. 21 mg/L,respectively. Iron and manganese oxides in rock and soil in the study area,providing material sources for iron and manganese in groundwater. The weak acidity and strong reduction environment provide favorable conditions for the dissolution and release of iron and manganese in sediments. In general,from the east-west sides of the study area( recharge and runoff areas) to the Quaternary pore aquifer( discharge area) in the middle of the study area,the Eh value and pH value along the groundwater flow direction gradually decrease, and the contents of Fe and Mn gradually increase and eventually form a northward high iron-manganese groundwater zone.
引文
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[9]牛兆轩,蒋小伟,胡云壮.滦河三角洲地区深层地下水化学演化规律及成因分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2019,46(1):27-34.[NIU Z X,JIANG X W,HU Y Z. Characteristics and causes of hydrochemical evolution of deep groundwater in the Luanhe Delta[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2019,46(1):27-34.(in Chinese)]
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[12]张伟.土壤矿物铁循环与硝酸盐还原相互作用的生物地球化学机制[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2012.[ZHANG W. Interaction between iron cycles and nitrate reductions and its biogeochemical mechanisms in soil and minerals[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012.(in Chinese)]
[13]张超莹,郑西来,陈蕾,等.水库沉积物中铁、锰季节性释放的实验研究[J].水资源保护,2013(3):79-82.[ZHANG C Y,ZHENG X L,CHEN L,et al. Experimental study of seasonal release of manganese and iron from reservoir sediments[J].Water Resources Protection,2013,29(3):79-82.(in Chinese)]
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[15] Yongli WEN, Jian XIAO, Feifei LIU, et al.Contrasting effects of inorganic and organic fertilisation regimes on shifts in Fe redox bacterial communities in red soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2018,11(3):56-67.
[16]袁文真.傍河开采驱动下河水入渗地下水过程中铁锰生物地球化学过程研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.[YUAN W Z. Biogeochemical process of Fe and Mn during river bank infiltration affected by groundwater exploiting[D]. Changchun:Jilin university,2017.(in Chinese)]
[17]曾昭华.四川省土壤元素含量和生态农业地质研究[J].四川地质学报,2005,25(1):44-50.[ZENG Z H. A study of elemental contents in soil and ecologic and agricultural geology in Sichuan[J]. Acta Geologica Sichuan,2005,25(1):44-50.(in Chinese)]
[18]黄冠星,孙继朝,荆继红,等.珠江三角洲地区地下水铁的分布特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2008,35(3):531-538.[HUANG G X,SUN J C,JING J H, et al. Distribution and origin of iron in groundwater of the Zhujiang delta[J]. Geology in China,2008,35(3):531-538.(in Chinese)]
[19]梁国玲,孙继朝,黄冠星,等.珠江三角洲地区地下水锰的分布特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2009,36(4):899-906.[LIANG G L,SUN J C,HUANG G X,et al. Origin and distribution characteristics of manganese in groundwater of the Zhujiang River Delta[J]. Geology in China,2009,36(4):899-906.(in Chinese)]
[20]刘兴华.浅谈高铁、锰地下水的环境水文地质问题[J].科技与企业,2012,7(7):124-124.[LIU X H. Talking about the environmental and hydrogeological problems of groundwater with high iron and manganese[J]. Science-Technology Enterprise,2012,7(7):124.(in Chinese)]
[2]“中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会”生活饮用水卫生标准:GB5749—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.[“Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, China National Standardization Administration.” Standards for Drinking Water Quality:GB5749—2006[S]. Beijing:China Standard Press,2007.(in Chinese)]
[3]宋鑫,冯喜来,刘晓静,等.两级过滤去除地下水中铁锰的试验研究[J].供水技术,2010,4(5):10-12.[SONG X,FENG X L,LIU X J,et al. Removal of iron and manganese from groundwater by two-stage filtration[J]. Water Technology,2010,4(5):10-12.(in Chinese)]
[4]朱秀芹,李灿波.地下水除铁除锰技术发展历程及展望[J].黑龙江水利科技,2008,36(6):121-122.[ZHU X Q,LI C B. Development and prospect of technology about Fe and Mn removal from groundwater[J]. Heilongjiang Science and Technology of Water Conservancy,2008,36(6):121-122.(in Chinese)]
[5]朱锦旗,王彩会,陆徐荣,等.苏锡常地区浅层地下水铁锰离子分布规律及成因分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(3):30-33.[ZHU J Q,WANG C H,LU X R,et al. An analysis of the occurrence and influence factors of Fe2+and Mn2+in the shallow groundwater in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou area[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2006,33(3):30-33.(in Chinese)]
[6]雷万荣,唐春梅,江凌云.浅谈地下水中铁、锰质的迁移与富集规律[J].江西科学,2006,24(1):80-82.[LEI W R,TANG C M,JIANG L Y. Discussion on iron and manganese transport and concentrate in underground water[J]. Jiangxi Science,2006,24(1):80-82.(in Chinese)]
[7]孟祥菲.地下水位波动带铁猛含量变化规律研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2015.[MENG X F. Study on variation of Fe and Mn content in fluctuation zone of groundwater level:an example in Shenyang Huangjia water source[D]. Changchun:Jilin University,2015.(in Chinese)]
[8]何军,彭轲,曾敏.江汉平原东北部浅层高铁锰地下水环境特征[J].华南地质与矿产,2016,32(3):258-264.[HE J, PENG K, ZENG M.Environmental characteristics of high Fe and Mn groundwater in shallow aquifers at northeastern Jianghan Plain[J]. Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2016,32(3):258-264.(in Chinese)]
[9]牛兆轩,蒋小伟,胡云壮.滦河三角洲地区深层地下水化学演化规律及成因分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2019,46(1):27-34.[NIU Z X,JIANG X W,HU Y Z. Characteristics and causes of hydrochemical evolution of deep groundwater in the Luanhe Delta[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2019,46(1):27-34.(in Chinese)]
[10]地下水质量标准:GB/T 14848—2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.[Groundwater Quality Standards:GB/T 14848—2017[S]. Beijing:China Standard Press,2017.(in Chinese)]
[11] LUU Y S,RAMSAY J A. Review:Microbial mechanisms of accessing insoluble Fe(III)as an energy source[J]. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2003,19(2):215-225.
[12]张伟.土壤矿物铁循环与硝酸盐还原相互作用的生物地球化学机制[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2012.[ZHANG W. Interaction between iron cycles and nitrate reductions and its biogeochemical mechanisms in soil and minerals[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012.(in Chinese)]
[13]张超莹,郑西来,陈蕾,等.水库沉积物中铁、锰季节性释放的实验研究[J].水资源保护,2013(3):79-82.[ZHANG C Y,ZHENG X L,CHEN L,et al. Experimental study of seasonal release of manganese and iron from reservoir sediments[J].Water Resources Protection,2013,29(3):79-82.(in Chinese)]
[14]卢镜丞.湘潭锰矿尾矿库重金属锰淋溶实验研究[D].湘潭:湖南科技大学,2014.[LU J C.Leaching experimental study of heavy metal manganese in Xiangtan manganese tailings[D]. Xiangtan:Hunan University of Science and Technology,2014.(in Chinese)]
[15] Yongli WEN, Jian XIAO, Feifei LIU, et al.Contrasting effects of inorganic and organic fertilisation regimes on shifts in Fe redox bacterial communities in red soils[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2018,11(3):56-67.
[16]袁文真.傍河开采驱动下河水入渗地下水过程中铁锰生物地球化学过程研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.[YUAN W Z. Biogeochemical process of Fe and Mn during river bank infiltration affected by groundwater exploiting[D]. Changchun:Jilin university,2017.(in Chinese)]
[17]曾昭华.四川省土壤元素含量和生态农业地质研究[J].四川地质学报,2005,25(1):44-50.[ZENG Z H. A study of elemental contents in soil and ecologic and agricultural geology in Sichuan[J]. Acta Geologica Sichuan,2005,25(1):44-50.(in Chinese)]
[18]黄冠星,孙继朝,荆继红,等.珠江三角洲地区地下水铁的分布特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2008,35(3):531-538.[HUANG G X,SUN J C,JING J H, et al. Distribution and origin of iron in groundwater of the Zhujiang delta[J]. Geology in China,2008,35(3):531-538.(in Chinese)]
[19]梁国玲,孙继朝,黄冠星,等.珠江三角洲地区地下水锰的分布特征及其成因[J].中国地质,2009,36(4):899-906.[LIANG G L,SUN J C,HUANG G X,et al. Origin and distribution characteristics of manganese in groundwater of the Zhujiang River Delta[J]. Geology in China,2009,36(4):899-906.(in Chinese)]
[20]刘兴华.浅谈高铁、锰地下水的环境水文地质问题[J].科技与企业,2012,7(7):124-124.[LIU X H. Talking about the environmental and hydrogeological problems of groundwater with high iron and manganese[J]. Science-Technology Enterprise,2012,7(7):124.(in Chinese)]
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