铁锰氧化物改性铝污泥对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附性能
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摘要
【目的】以陕西杨凌某自来水厂铝污泥(Al-WTRs)为原料,对其进行改性,研究改性后铝污泥对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附性能,以期为Al-WTRs的利用提供途径。【方法】采用KMnO_4和FeCl_2·4H_2O对Al-WTRs进行改性,制备铁锰氧化物改性铝污泥(M-Al-WTRs),采用比表面(BET-N2)、扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)等方法对改性前后Al-WTRs进行表征分析,并探讨不同pH、吸附时间、重金属初始质量浓度、温度和离子强度等条件下M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。【结果】与Al-WTRs(9.10m~2/g)相比,M-Al-WTRs比表面积显著增大到100.8m~2/g;SEM-EDS、XRD、FTIR分析结果显示,M-Al-WTRs表面粗糙,且负载许多颗粒,并保持无定形态。M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附量随着pH的增加逐渐增大,最终趋于稳定,其中当pH=5时,M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附量分别为67.18和20.81mg/g,分别比Al-WTRs提高了109.1%和68.64%。M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附动力学符合准二级吸附动力学模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温模型。热力学分析表明,M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附是自发、吸热、增熵的过程。M-Al-WTRs对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的吸附几乎不受离子强度的影响,属于专性吸附。【结论】成功制备了对Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)具有良好吸附效果的M-Al-WTRs。
【Objective】The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on modified alum water treatment residuals were investigated to improve the utilization of Al-WTRs.【Method】Al-WTRs from a water plant in Yang ling,Shaanxi were modified by KMnO_4and FeCl_2·4H_2O to obtain M-Al-WTRs.Adsorbents(Al-WTRs and M-Al-WTRs)were characterized by BET-N2,SEM-EDS,XRD and FTIR.Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pH,adsorption time,initial mass concentration of heavy metals,temperature and ion strength on adsorption properties of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)by M-Al-WTRs.【Result】Compared with Al-WTRs(9.10m~2/g),specific surface of M-Al-WTRs was significantly increased to 100.8m~2/g.SEM-EDS,XRD,and FTIR showed that the surface of M-Al-WTRs was rough and loaded with many particles,and the amorphous structure was well maintained after modification.Adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs increased with increasing pH and reached steady gradually.When pH=5,the adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs were 67.18and 20.81 mg/g,which were109.1%and 68.64%higher than that of Al-WTRs,respectively.The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)by M-Al-WTRs could be described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the adsorption isotherm fitted Langmuir model well.Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs was spontaneous,endothermic and entropy increasing.The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs was hardly affected by ionic strength.【Conclusion】M-Al-WTRs with relative good adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)could be prepared by alum water treatment residuals.
【Objective】The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on modified alum water treatment residuals were investigated to improve the utilization of Al-WTRs.【Method】Al-WTRs from a water plant in Yang ling,Shaanxi were modified by KMnO_4and FeCl_2·4H_2O to obtain M-Al-WTRs.Adsorbents(Al-WTRs and M-Al-WTRs)were characterized by BET-N2,SEM-EDS,XRD and FTIR.Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pH,adsorption time,initial mass concentration of heavy metals,temperature and ion strength on adsorption properties of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)by M-Al-WTRs.【Result】Compared with Al-WTRs(9.10m~2/g),specific surface of M-Al-WTRs was significantly increased to 100.8m~2/g.SEM-EDS,XRD,and FTIR showed that the surface of M-Al-WTRs was rough and loaded with many particles,and the amorphous structure was well maintained after modification.Adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs increased with increasing pH and reached steady gradually.When pH=5,the adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs were 67.18and 20.81 mg/g,which were109.1%and 68.64%higher than that of Al-WTRs,respectively.The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)by M-Al-WTRs could be described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the adsorption isotherm fitted Langmuir model well.Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs was spontaneous,endothermic and entropy increasing.The adsorption of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)on M-Al-WTRs was hardly affected by ionic strength.【Conclusion】M-Al-WTRs with relative good adsorption capacities of Pb~(2+)and Cu~(2+)could be prepared by alum water treatment residuals.
引文
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[3]雷立,李学钊,晋银佳,等.温和水热法合成钛酸盐纳米管及其对水中重金属离子的吸附研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(5):1663-1671.Lei L,Li X Z,Jin Y J,et al.Synthesis of titanate nanotubes through a facile hydrothermal method and their adsorption behavior for heavy metal ions from waters[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(5):1663-1671.
[4]朱倩,李正魁,张一品,等.纳米复合水凝胶的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附[J].环境科学,2016,37(8):3192-3200.Zhu Q,Li Z K,Zhang Y P,et al.Preparation of nanocomposite hydrogel and its adsorption of heavy metal ions[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(8):3192-3200.
[5]王彤彤,马江波,曲东,等.两种木材生物炭对铜离子的吸附特性及其机制[J].环境科学,2017,38(5):2161-2171.Wang T T,Ma J B,Qu D,et al.Adsorption of copper from aqueous solutions on biochar produced from sawdust and apple branch[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(5):2161-2171.
[6]巫林,刘颖,李燕,等.蚯蚓粪便生物炭对水体中雌二醇的吸附[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(10):1537-1545.Wu L,Liu Y,Li Y,et al.Removal of 17β-estradiol from aqueous solution by vermicompost-derived biochars adsorption[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(10):1537-1545.
[7]谢婧如,陈本寿,张进忠,等.巯基改性海泡石吸附水中的Hg(Ⅱ)[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2187-2194.Xie J R,Chen B S,Zhang J Z,et al.Adsorption of Hg(Ⅱ)in water by sulfydryl-modified sepiolite[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(6):2187-2194.
[8]李江山,薛强,王平,等.市政污泥生物碳对重金属的吸附特性[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(11):1246-1251.Li J S,Xue Q,Wang P,et al.Adsorption properties of municipal sludge biochar for soluble heavy metals[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2013,26(11):1246-1251.
[9]Hovsepyan A,Bonzongo J J.Aluminum drinking water treatment residuals(Al-WTRs)as sorbent for mercury:implications for soil remediation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,164(1):73-80.
[10]郑育毅,余育方,李妍,等.自来水厂污泥制得陶粒对污水中磷和氨氮的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(2):756-762.Zheng Y Y,Yu Y F,Li Y,et al.Adsorption of phosphorus or ammonia nitrogen by ceramsite made from waterworks sludge[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015,9(2):756-762.
[11]Makris K C,El-Shall H,Harris W G,et al.Intraparticle phosphorus diffusion in a drinking water treatment residual at room temperature[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2004,277(2):417-423.
[12]Ippolito J A,Scheckel K G,Barbarick K A.Selenium adsorption to aluminum-based water treatment residuals[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2009,338(1):48-55.
[13]Ippolito J A,Barbarick K A,Elliott H A.Drinking water treatment residuals:a review of recent uses[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2011,40(1):1-12.
[14]焦健,裴元生.给水厂废弃铁铝泥对镉的吸附特征及影响因素[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(3):842-849.Jiao J,Pei Y S.Characteristics and influence factors for cadmium adsorption by ferric and alum water treatment residuals[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(3):842-849.
[15]高思佳,王昌辉,裴元生.热活化和酸活化给水处理厂废弃铁铝泥的吸磷效果[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(3):606-611.Gao S J,Wang C H,Pei Y S.Effects of phosphate removal by thermal and acid activated ferric and alum water treatment residuals[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(3):606-611.
[16]梁东旭,罗春燕,周鑫,等.改性小麦壳对水溶液中Cd2+的吸附研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(12):2364-2371.Liang D X,Luo C Y,Zhou X,et al.Adsorption of Cd2+from aqueuos solution by modified wheat chaff[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2015,34(12):2364-2371.
[17]唐兴萍,周雄,张金洋,等.TiO2/膨润土复合材料对Hg2+的吸附性能研究[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):608-615.Tang X P,Zhou X,Zhang J Y,et al.Experimental research of Hg2+removal by TiO2/bentonite composite[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(2):608-615.
[18]Wu K,Liu T,Xue W,et al.Arsenic(III)oxidation/adsorption behaviors on a new bimetal adsorbent of Mn-oxide-doped Al oxide[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,192:343-349.
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