复合菌对黑臭水体中S~(2-)的氧化条件优化及动力学特性
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摘要
以S~(2-)的氧化率为主要考察指标,对从北京黑臭水体东沙河筛选获得的3株高效S~(2-)氧化土著微生物sp1(Citrobacter sp.)、 sp2(Ochrobactrum sp.)和sp3(Stenotrophomonas sp.)进行复配,获得硫氧化复合菌(sulphur oxidizing composite microorganisms, SOCM),比较单株菌sp1、sp2和sp3和SOCM对S~(2-)的氧化效果。结果表明,SOCM对S~(2-)的氧化能力明显优于单菌株。SOCM在复配比例为1∶1∶1,温度为25℃,初始pH为7时对北京市东沙河黑臭水样中S~(2-)的氧化效果最好,氧化率最高达到76.7%;同时,色度、COD、NH3-N和TP的去除率可分别达到83.3%、69.2%、77.9%和68.2%。此外,建立了SOCM氧化S~(2-)的动力学方程。当SOCM初始菌浓度从0.01 g·L~(-1)逐渐提高到10 g·L~(-1)时,底物比氧化速率常数Km随之减小,S~(2-)平均氧化速率提高。但是,当SOCM初始菌浓度从10 g·L~(-1)逐渐提高到50 g·L~(-1)时,S~(2-)平均氧化速率不再随着初始菌浓度的升高而加快。最后,将SOCM接种于北京清河和景观沟渠黑臭水样中,其对S~(2-)氧化率分别达到67.0%和64.1%;同时,色度亦分别下降了83.3%和79.2%。研究为黑臭水体的微生物法治理提供了参考。
In this study, S~(2-)oxidation ratios was taken as the main index, three indigenous pure strains of sp1(Citrobacter sp.), sp2(Ochrobactrum sp.) and sp3(Stenotrophomonas sp.) with high efficiently S~(2-)oxidation were isolated from Dongsha river, a black-stinking water body in Beijing. They were mixed to produce the sulfuroxidizing composite microorganisms(SOCM).The S~(2-)oxidation efficiencies of sp1, sp2, sp3 and SOCM were compared. The results showed that SOCM had an obviously better performance on S~(2-)oxidation than these three pure bacteria, and the best S~(2-)oxidation effect in the black-stinking water samples from Dongsha river in Beijing occurred at the complex ratio for SOCM production 1∶1∶1, 25 ℃ and the initial pH of 7, and the highest S~(2-)oxidation efficiency reached 76.7%, and the removal efficiencies of chroma, COD, NH3-N and TP were 83.3%,69.2%, 77.9% and 68.2%, respectively. In addition, the kinetic equation for S~(2-)oxidation by SOCM was determined. When the initial bacterial concentration of SOCM increased from 0.01 g·L~(-1) to 10 g·L~(-1), the substrate specific oxidation rate constant Kmdecreased, and the average S~(2-)oxidation rate increased. When the initial bacterial concentration of SOCM increased from 10 g·L~(-1) to 50 g·L~(-1), the average S~(2-)oxidation ratio did not increase any more. Finally, after inoculating SOCM into the black-stinking water samples from Qinghe river and Jingguangouqu river in Beijing, the S~(2-)oxidation efficiencies reached 67.0% and 64.1%, and their chroma values decreased by 83.3% and 79.2%, respectively. This study provided a reference for the microbial remediation of black-stinking water body.
In this study, S~(2-)oxidation ratios was taken as the main index, three indigenous pure strains of sp1(Citrobacter sp.), sp2(Ochrobactrum sp.) and sp3(Stenotrophomonas sp.) with high efficiently S~(2-)oxidation were isolated from Dongsha river, a black-stinking water body in Beijing. They were mixed to produce the sulfuroxidizing composite microorganisms(SOCM).The S~(2-)oxidation efficiencies of sp1, sp2, sp3 and SOCM were compared. The results showed that SOCM had an obviously better performance on S~(2-)oxidation than these three pure bacteria, and the best S~(2-)oxidation effect in the black-stinking water samples from Dongsha river in Beijing occurred at the complex ratio for SOCM production 1∶1∶1, 25 ℃ and the initial pH of 7, and the highest S~(2-)oxidation efficiency reached 76.7%, and the removal efficiencies of chroma, COD, NH3-N and TP were 83.3%,69.2%, 77.9% and 68.2%, respectively. In addition, the kinetic equation for S~(2-)oxidation by SOCM was determined. When the initial bacterial concentration of SOCM increased from 0.01 g·L~(-1) to 10 g·L~(-1), the substrate specific oxidation rate constant Kmdecreased, and the average S~(2-)oxidation rate increased. When the initial bacterial concentration of SOCM increased from 10 g·L~(-1) to 50 g·L~(-1), the average S~(2-)oxidation ratio did not increase any more. Finally, after inoculating SOCM into the black-stinking water samples from Qinghe river and Jingguangouqu river in Beijing, the S~(2-)oxidation efficiencies reached 67.0% and 64.1%, and their chroma values decreased by 83.3% and 79.2%, respectively. This study provided a reference for the microbial remediation of black-stinking water body.
引文
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[11]TAO L L,LI P,DING J M,et al.The chemical coagulation-advanced oxidation composite process for treating sulfur-contained tannery wastewater[J].Leather&Chemicals,2011,28(6):8-10.
[12]陈正勇,王国祥,杨飞,等.Fenton试剂对富营养化湖水黑臭的氧化降解作用[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(5):1591-1594.
[13]杨华,席劲瑛,胡洪营,等.投加化学药剂改善城市黑臭河流水质的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(6I):295-298.
[14]SHENG Y Q,QU Y X,Ding C F,et al.A combined application of different engineering and biological techniques to remediate a heavily polluted river[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,57:1-7.
[15]吴霞,谢悦波.直接投菌法在城市重污染河流治理中的应用研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3331-3336.
[16]涂玮灵,胡湛波,梁益聪,等.反硝化细菌修复城市黑臭河道底泥实验研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(10):5-9.
[17]宋晓兰,张洁,陈渊,等.微生物修复技术在苏南某黑臭河道的应用[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(6N):166-168.
[18]PAN M,ZHAO J,ZHEN S,et al.Effects of the combination of aeration and biofilm technology on transformation of nitrogen in black-odor river[J].Water Science and Technology,2016,74(3):655-662.
[19]CHEN J N,ZHANP,KOOPMAN B,et al.Bioaugmentation with Gordonia strain JW8 in treatment of pulp and paper wastewater[J].Clean Technologies&Environmental Policy,2012,14(5):899-904.
[20]高丹英.黑臭水净化菌株的筛选及净水效果的研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2009.
[21]DURAN M,TEPE N,YURTSEVER D,et al.Bioaugmenting anaerobic digestion of biosolids with selected strains of Bacillus,Pseudomonas,and Actinomycetes species for increased methanogenesis and odor control[J].Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2006,73(4):960-966.
[22]何杰财.固定化生物催化剂在河涌黑臭治理中的效能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[23]黄菲菲.组合微生物对黑臭水的净化研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2012.
[24]赵志萍.河流黑臭水体的微生物修复研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[25]徐熊鲤,谢翼飞,陈政阳,等.曝气强化微生物功能菌修复黑臭水体[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(8):4559-4565.
[26]YU G W,QIU L,LEI H Y,et al.In situ biochemical technology to control black-odor of polluted sediments in tidal river[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2008,136:665.
[27]叶姜瑜,程士兵,窦建军,等.高效降解黑臭废水细菌的筛选及鉴定[J].环境工程,2012,30(s2):13-16.
[28]ZHUANG R Y,LOU Y J,QIU X T,et al.Identification of a yeast strain able to oxidize and remove sulfide high efficiently[J].Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2017,101(1):391-400.
[29]WANG G F,LI X N,FANG Y,et al.Analysis on the formation condition of the algae-induced odorous black water agglomerate[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2014,21(6):597-604.
[30]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[31]HE D F,CHEN R R,ZHU E H,et al.Toxicity bioassays for water from black-odor rivers in Wenzhou,China[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research International,2015,22(3):1731-1741.
[32]LI Z J,SONG L L,MA J Z,et al.The characteristics changes of pH and EC of atmospheric precipitation and analysis on the source of acid rain in the source area of the Yangtze River from 2010 to 2015[J].Atmospheric Environment,2017,156:61-69.
[33]陈燕飞.pH对微生物的影响[J].太原师范学院学报(自然科学版),2009,8(3):121-124.
[34]LIU C,HUANG X,WANG H.Start-up of a membrane bioreactor bioaugmented with genetically engineered microorganism for enhanced treatment of atrazine containing wastewater[J].Desalination,2008,231(1):12-19.
[35]PRADHAN S,RAI LC.Optimization of flow rate,initial metal ion concentration and biomass density for maximum removal of Cu2+by immobilized Microcystis[J].World Journal of Microbiology&Biotechnology,2000,16(6):579-584.
[36]聂麦茜,吴蔓莉,王晓昌,等.一株黄杆菌及其粗酶液对芘降解的动力学特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(2):181-185.
[37]李燕.废水生物处理中溶解性微生物产物的产生及性质研究[D].南京:南京大学,2013.
[38]ADAMS C E,ECKENFEFELDER W W,HOVIOUS J C.A kinetic model for design of completely-mixed activated sludge treating variable-strength industrial wastewaters[J].Water Research,1975,9(1):37-42.
[39]MATHUR A K,MAJUMDER C B,CHATTERJEE S,et al.Biodegradation of pyridine by the new bacterial isolates S.putrefaciens and B.sphaericus[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,157(2/3):335-343.
[40]SHEN J Y,ZHANG X,CHEN D,et al.Kinetics study of pyridine biodegradation by a novel bacterial strain,Rhizobium sp.NJUST18[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2014,37(6):1185-1192.
[41]HAZRATI H,SHAYEGAN J,SEYEDI S M.Biodegradation kinetics and interactions of styrene and ethylbenzene as single and dual substrates for a mixed bacterial culture[J].Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering,2015,13(1):1-12.
[2]赵越,姚瑞华,徐敏,等.我国城市黑臭水体治理实践及思路探讨[J].环境保护,2015,43(13):27-29.
[3]LIAO W L,HUANG J S,DING J G,et al.Pollution status and remediation technologies of malodorous black water body in China[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2017,34(11):153-158.
[4]刘建福,陈敬雄,辜时有.城市黑臭水体空气微生物污染及健康风险[J].环境科学,2016,37(4):1264-1271.
[5]SONG C,LIU X L,SONG Y H,et al.Key blackening and stinking pollutants in Dongsha River of Beijing:spatial distribution and source identification[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2017,200:335-346.
[6]TANG W,SHAN B,ZHANG H,et al.Heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments of representative limnetic ecosystems in eastern China[J].Scientific Reports,2014,4:7152-7158.
[7]王玉琳,汪靓,华祖林.黑臭水体中不同浓度Fe2+、S2-与DO和水动力关系[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(2):627-633.
[8]ARCO-LZARO E,AGUDO I,CLEMENTE R,et al.Arsenic(V)adsorption-desorption in agricultural and mine soils:Effects of organic matter addition and phosphate competition[J].Environmental Pollution,2016,216:71-79.
[9]GAUR V K,GUPTA S K,PANDEY S D,et al.Distribution of heavy metals in sediment and water of river Gomti[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2005,102(1/2/3):419-433.
[10]刘树娟,陈磊,钟润生,等.硝酸钙对河流底泥中含硫化合物嗅味原位控制[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(6):691-698.
[11]TAO L L,LI P,DING J M,et al.The chemical coagulation-advanced oxidation composite process for treating sulfur-contained tannery wastewater[J].Leather&Chemicals,2011,28(6):8-10.
[12]陈正勇,王国祥,杨飞,等.Fenton试剂对富营养化湖水黑臭的氧化降解作用[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(5):1591-1594.
[13]杨华,席劲瑛,胡洪营,等.投加化学药剂改善城市黑臭河流水质的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(6I):295-298.
[14]SHENG Y Q,QU Y X,Ding C F,et al.A combined application of different engineering and biological techniques to remediate a heavily polluted river[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,57:1-7.
[15]吴霞,谢悦波.直接投菌法在城市重污染河流治理中的应用研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3331-3336.
[16]涂玮灵,胡湛波,梁益聪,等.反硝化细菌修复城市黑臭河道底泥实验研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(10):5-9.
[17]宋晓兰,张洁,陈渊,等.微生物修复技术在苏南某黑臭河道的应用[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(6N):166-168.
[18]PAN M,ZHAO J,ZHEN S,et al.Effects of the combination of aeration and biofilm technology on transformation of nitrogen in black-odor river[J].Water Science and Technology,2016,74(3):655-662.
[19]CHEN J N,ZHANP,KOOPMAN B,et al.Bioaugmentation with Gordonia strain JW8 in treatment of pulp and paper wastewater[J].Clean Technologies&Environmental Policy,2012,14(5):899-904.
[20]高丹英.黑臭水净化菌株的筛选及净水效果的研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2009.
[21]DURAN M,TEPE N,YURTSEVER D,et al.Bioaugmenting anaerobic digestion of biosolids with selected strains of Bacillus,Pseudomonas,and Actinomycetes species for increased methanogenesis and odor control[J].Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2006,73(4):960-966.
[22]何杰财.固定化生物催化剂在河涌黑臭治理中的效能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[23]黄菲菲.组合微生物对黑臭水的净化研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2012.
[24]赵志萍.河流黑臭水体的微生物修复研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[25]徐熊鲤,谢翼飞,陈政阳,等.曝气强化微生物功能菌修复黑臭水体[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(8):4559-4565.
[26]YU G W,QIU L,LEI H Y,et al.In situ biochemical technology to control black-odor of polluted sediments in tidal river[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2008,136:665.
[27]叶姜瑜,程士兵,窦建军,等.高效降解黑臭废水细菌的筛选及鉴定[J].环境工程,2012,30(s2):13-16.
[28]ZHUANG R Y,LOU Y J,QIU X T,et al.Identification of a yeast strain able to oxidize and remove sulfide high efficiently[J].Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,2017,101(1):391-400.
[29]WANG G F,LI X N,FANG Y,et al.Analysis on the formation condition of the algae-induced odorous black water agglomerate[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2014,21(6):597-604.
[30]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[31]HE D F,CHEN R R,ZHU E H,et al.Toxicity bioassays for water from black-odor rivers in Wenzhou,China[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research International,2015,22(3):1731-1741.
[32]LI Z J,SONG L L,MA J Z,et al.The characteristics changes of pH and EC of atmospheric precipitation and analysis on the source of acid rain in the source area of the Yangtze River from 2010 to 2015[J].Atmospheric Environment,2017,156:61-69.
[33]陈燕飞.pH对微生物的影响[J].太原师范学院学报(自然科学版),2009,8(3):121-124.
[34]LIU C,HUANG X,WANG H.Start-up of a membrane bioreactor bioaugmented with genetically engineered microorganism for enhanced treatment of atrazine containing wastewater[J].Desalination,2008,231(1):12-19.
[35]PRADHAN S,RAI LC.Optimization of flow rate,initial metal ion concentration and biomass density for maximum removal of Cu2+by immobilized Microcystis[J].World Journal of Microbiology&Biotechnology,2000,16(6):579-584.
[36]聂麦茜,吴蔓莉,王晓昌,等.一株黄杆菌及其粗酶液对芘降解的动力学特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(2):181-185.
[37]李燕.废水生物处理中溶解性微生物产物的产生及性质研究[D].南京:南京大学,2013.
[38]ADAMS C E,ECKENFEFELDER W W,HOVIOUS J C.A kinetic model for design of completely-mixed activated sludge treating variable-strength industrial wastewaters[J].Water Research,1975,9(1):37-42.
[39]MATHUR A K,MAJUMDER C B,CHATTERJEE S,et al.Biodegradation of pyridine by the new bacterial isolates S.putrefaciens and B.sphaericus[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,157(2/3):335-343.
[40]SHEN J Y,ZHANG X,CHEN D,et al.Kinetics study of pyridine biodegradation by a novel bacterial strain,Rhizobium sp.NJUST18[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2014,37(6):1185-1192.
[41]HAZRATI H,SHAYEGAN J,SEYEDI S M.Biodegradation kinetics and interactions of styrene and ethylbenzene as single and dual substrates for a mixed bacterial culture[J].Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering,2015,13(1):1-12.
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