发光细菌法在浒苔绿潮次生毒性快速检测中的应用
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摘要
为表征绿潮藻浒苔腐烂过程中产生的次生毒性危害,采用一种基于费氏弧菌(Vibrio fischeri)的应急毒性检测系统,在81. 9%低毒性测试模式下,对浒苔腐烂液进行次生毒性检测。在实验室条件下,往自然海水中按等比倍数添加不同生物量的浒苔(2 g/L、10 g/L、50 g/L)模拟其腐烂分解过程,定期检测腐烂液次生毒性。研究发现:使用费氏弧菌作为发光细菌在绿潮次生毒性检测中,可以较好地反映绿潮次生毒性的变化过程;一定体积的海水中,浒苔腐烂液毒性的变化与浒苔生物量密切相关;添加的浒苔量越高,重毒和剧毒出现的时间越早,持续的时间越长,毒性消退的过程越缓慢。毒性等级天数百分比结果显示,添加浒苔生物量越高的试验组剧毒和重毒等级天数占比越大; A组、B组、C组、D组合计出现剧毒和重毒等级天数比例分别为0%、18%、60%、100%。高浓度浒苔腐烂会产生明显的次生毒性,并且其毒性消退过程缓慢,应在浒苔绿潮发生海域及时清理浒苔,加强水质监测,防范浒苔腐烂分解造成养殖危害。
In order to characterize the secondary toxic hazard of Ulva prolifera Green tide in decomposition process,an emergency toxicity detection system based on Vibrio fischeri was used in 81. 9% low toxicity test mode.2 g/L,10 g/L and 50 g/L of Green alga U. prolifera by equal ratio were added to natural sea water to simulate the decomposition process in laboratory. The secondary toxicity was detected regularly. The study shows that Vibrio fischer as a luminescent bacteria can accurately reflect the level and the chang of secondary toxicity in U. prolifera Green tide decomposition. In a certain volume of seawater,the change of toxicity is closely relation to the biomass of U. prolifera. Compared with the low biomass of U. prolifera,the emergence of highly posion and rank posion are earlier,the duration of toxicity is longer and the process of toxicity regression is slower for the high biomass of U.prolifera. The result shows that the percentage of rank posion and highly posion grade are accounting for a larger rate in higher biomass of Green alga U. prolifera. The total proportions of rank posion and highly posion days in Group A,B,C,D are 0% 、18% 、60% 、100% respectively. The higher biomass of U. prolifera decomposition produces obvious secondary toxicity and its toxicity degradation process is slower. It's necessary to clean up the Green tide timely and strengthen water quality monitoring to prevent the harmness of decomposition of Green tide to aquaculture.
In order to characterize the secondary toxic hazard of Ulva prolifera Green tide in decomposition process,an emergency toxicity detection system based on Vibrio fischeri was used in 81. 9% low toxicity test mode.2 g/L,10 g/L and 50 g/L of Green alga U. prolifera by equal ratio were added to natural sea water to simulate the decomposition process in laboratory. The secondary toxicity was detected regularly. The study shows that Vibrio fischer as a luminescent bacteria can accurately reflect the level and the chang of secondary toxicity in U. prolifera Green tide decomposition. In a certain volume of seawater,the change of toxicity is closely relation to the biomass of U. prolifera. Compared with the low biomass of U. prolifera,the emergence of highly posion and rank posion are earlier,the duration of toxicity is longer and the process of toxicity regression is slower for the high biomass of U.prolifera. The result shows that the percentage of rank posion and highly posion grade are accounting for a larger rate in higher biomass of Green alga U. prolifera. The total proportions of rank posion and highly posion days in Group A,B,C,D are 0% 、18% 、60% 、100% respectively. The higher biomass of U. prolifera decomposition produces obvious secondary toxicity and its toxicity degradation process is slower. It's necessary to clean up the Green tide timely and strengthen water quality monitoring to prevent the harmness of decomposition of Green tide to aquaculture.
引文
1 Anderson D,Glibert P,Burkholder J. Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication:Nutrient sources,composition and consequences[J].Estuaries,2002,40(25):704-726
2 Nelson T,Lee D,Smith B. Are“green tide”harmful algal blooms?toxic properties of water-soluble extracts from two bloom-forming macroalgae,Ulva fenestrata and Ulvaria obscura(Ulvophyceae)[J]. Phycol,2010,39(5):874-879
3 刘峰.黄海绿潮的成因以及绿潮浒苔的生理生态学和分子系统学研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2010Liu feng. The causes of green tides in the Yellow Sea,and ecophysiological and phylogenetic analysis of the bloom-forming alga,Ulva prolifera[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010
4 Gabrielson J O,Birch P B,Dolin K S,et al. Decomposition of cladophora. II. in vitro studies of nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration[J]. Botanica Marina,1983,26:173-179
5 Thybo C M,Rasmussen M B,Blackburn T H. Nutrient fluxes and growth of Cladophora sericea in a shallow Danish bay[J]. Marine Ecology Progress. 1993,100:273-281
6 赵淑玲,卓平清,田凤鸣.发光细菌法在水质毒性检测中的应用研究进展[J].中国资源综合利用,2015,33(10):39-41Zhao Shuling,Zhuo Pingqing,Tian Fengming. Advance in the application of luminescent bacteria on water toxicity detection[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization,2015,33(10):39-41
7 孙成华,刘康,衡丽娜,等.水样发光细菌急性毒性测试的方式与表征[J].中国环境监测,2014(6):123-128Sun Chenghua,Liu Kang,Heng Lina,et al. Luminescent bacteria acute toxicity test of water and its characterization[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China,2014(6):123-128
8 胡洪营,吴乾元,杨扬,等.面向毒性控制的工业废水水质安全评价与管理方法[J].环境工程技术学报,2011,1(1):46-51Hu Hongying,Wu Qianyuan,Yang Yang,et al. Evaluation and management methods for toxicity control of industrial wastewater[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental,2011,1(1):46-51
9 朱丽娜,刘瑞志,夏建新,等.发光细菌法测定水质综合毒性研究进展[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版),2011,20(4):52-55Zhu Lina,Liu Ruizhi,Xia Jianxin,et al. Advances of microbial methods on joint toxicity detection[J]. Journal of MUC(Natural Sciences Edition),2011,20(4):52-55
10 郁建桥,钟声,徐亮. Delta ToxⅡ毒性仪简介及其在环境污染事件中的应用[J].生命科学仪器,2009,7(8):48-50Yu Jianqiao,Zhong Sheng,Xu Liang. The introduction of Deltatox water toxicity detector and the application in emergency monitoring of environmental pollution[J]. Science Instruments,2009,7(8):48-50
11 Bulich A A. Practical and reliable for monitoring the toxicity of aquatic sample[J]. Process Biochemistry,1982,17(2):45-47
12 Eugene W R. Standard methods for the examination of water and wasterwater[M]. America:American Public Health Association,2012:38-41
13 吴婷,赵乐毅,刘浩涤,等.浒苔对营养盐影响的初步研究[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(3):347-352Wu Ting,Zhao Leyi,Liu Haodi,et al. Preliminary study on the influence of Enteromorpha prolifera on nutrients[J]. Marine Environmental Science,2013,32(3):347-352
14 王超.浒苔(Ulva prolifera)绿潮危害效应与机制的基础研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2010Wang Chao. Primary studies on the harmful effects and mechanisms of Ulva prolifera Green Tide[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010
15 王超,于仁成,周名江.浒苔提取物对太平洋牡蛎受精卵孵化的抑制效应[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(1):202-207Wang Chao,Yu Rencheng,Zhou Mingjiang. Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera extract on hatchability of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)eggs[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(1):202-207
16 Wang C,Yu R C,Zhou M J. Acute toxicity of live and decomposing green alga Ulva(Enteromorpha)proliferato abalone Haliotis discus hannai[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2011,29(3):541-546
17 丁月旻.黄海浒苔绿潮中生源要素的迁移转化对生态环境的影响[D].青岛:中国科学研究院海洋研究所,2014Ding Yuemin. Impacts of Ulva(Enteromorpha)prolifera in the green tide on the Yellow Sea ecological environment-Implications from migration and transformation of biogenic elements[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014
2 Nelson T,Lee D,Smith B. Are“green tide”harmful algal blooms?toxic properties of water-soluble extracts from two bloom-forming macroalgae,Ulva fenestrata and Ulvaria obscura(Ulvophyceae)[J]. Phycol,2010,39(5):874-879
3 刘峰.黄海绿潮的成因以及绿潮浒苔的生理生态学和分子系统学研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2010Liu feng. The causes of green tides in the Yellow Sea,and ecophysiological and phylogenetic analysis of the bloom-forming alga,Ulva prolifera[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010
4 Gabrielson J O,Birch P B,Dolin K S,et al. Decomposition of cladophora. II. in vitro studies of nitrogen and phosphorus regeneration[J]. Botanica Marina,1983,26:173-179
5 Thybo C M,Rasmussen M B,Blackburn T H. Nutrient fluxes and growth of Cladophora sericea in a shallow Danish bay[J]. Marine Ecology Progress. 1993,100:273-281
6 赵淑玲,卓平清,田凤鸣.发光细菌法在水质毒性检测中的应用研究进展[J].中国资源综合利用,2015,33(10):39-41Zhao Shuling,Zhuo Pingqing,Tian Fengming. Advance in the application of luminescent bacteria on water toxicity detection[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization,2015,33(10):39-41
7 孙成华,刘康,衡丽娜,等.水样发光细菌急性毒性测试的方式与表征[J].中国环境监测,2014(6):123-128Sun Chenghua,Liu Kang,Heng Lina,et al. Luminescent bacteria acute toxicity test of water and its characterization[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China,2014(6):123-128
8 胡洪营,吴乾元,杨扬,等.面向毒性控制的工业废水水质安全评价与管理方法[J].环境工程技术学报,2011,1(1):46-51Hu Hongying,Wu Qianyuan,Yang Yang,et al. Evaluation and management methods for toxicity control of industrial wastewater[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental,2011,1(1):46-51
9 朱丽娜,刘瑞志,夏建新,等.发光细菌法测定水质综合毒性研究进展[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版),2011,20(4):52-55Zhu Lina,Liu Ruizhi,Xia Jianxin,et al. Advances of microbial methods on joint toxicity detection[J]. Journal of MUC(Natural Sciences Edition),2011,20(4):52-55
10 郁建桥,钟声,徐亮. Delta ToxⅡ毒性仪简介及其在环境污染事件中的应用[J].生命科学仪器,2009,7(8):48-50Yu Jianqiao,Zhong Sheng,Xu Liang. The introduction of Deltatox water toxicity detector and the application in emergency monitoring of environmental pollution[J]. Science Instruments,2009,7(8):48-50
11 Bulich A A. Practical and reliable for monitoring the toxicity of aquatic sample[J]. Process Biochemistry,1982,17(2):45-47
12 Eugene W R. Standard methods for the examination of water and wasterwater[M]. America:American Public Health Association,2012:38-41
13 吴婷,赵乐毅,刘浩涤,等.浒苔对营养盐影响的初步研究[J].海洋环境科学,2013,32(3):347-352Wu Ting,Zhao Leyi,Liu Haodi,et al. Preliminary study on the influence of Enteromorpha prolifera on nutrients[J]. Marine Environmental Science,2013,32(3):347-352
14 王超.浒苔(Ulva prolifera)绿潮危害效应与机制的基础研究[D].青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所,2010Wang Chao. Primary studies on the harmful effects and mechanisms of Ulva prolifera Green Tide[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010
15 王超,于仁成,周名江.浒苔提取物对太平洋牡蛎受精卵孵化的抑制效应[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(1):202-207Wang Chao,Yu Rencheng,Zhou Mingjiang. Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera extract on hatchability of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)eggs[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(1):202-207
16 Wang C,Yu R C,Zhou M J. Acute toxicity of live and decomposing green alga Ulva(Enteromorpha)proliferato abalone Haliotis discus hannai[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2011,29(3):541-546
17 丁月旻.黄海浒苔绿潮中生源要素的迁移转化对生态环境的影响[D].青岛:中国科学研究院海洋研究所,2014Ding Yuemin. Impacts of Ulva(Enteromorpha)prolifera in the green tide on the Yellow Sea ecological environment-Implications from migration and transformation of biogenic elements[D]. Qingdao:Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014
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