强降雨条件下某铅锌矿尾矿堆积坝安全稳定性分析
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摘要
强降雨是影响尾矿坝安全的重要因素之一,同时尾矿堆积坝在建造的过程中随着选矿工艺的改变堆坝尾砂的粒径分布也随之变化。为了研究不同组构尾矿堆积坝在强降雨条件下的稳定性,以湖南某铅锌矿尾矿堆积坝为研究对象,在分析该尾砂坝各级堆积子坝的尾矿砂物理力学性质的基础上,采用数值模拟方法研究了该尾矿坝在强降雨作用下不同时期堆积子坝的稳定性。研究表明:1)不同高度堆积子坝的尾砂组构不同,其不均匀系数、曲率系数以及黏聚力不同,尾矿堆积坝的安全系数与尾砂黏聚力呈正相关关系,与尾砂的不均匀系数呈正比,与曲率系数呈反比;2)相同降雨强度,降雨时长的增加对尾矿堆积坝整体稳定性影响小,但对坝坡表面及一定深度的尾砂有影响,其负孔隙水压力减小,坝体松散,影响坝坡稳定;3)尾矿堆积坝各部位能承受的最大剪应变与尾砂的黏聚力呈正相关关系,且黏聚力大的坝体的最大剪应变在各个区域都较黏聚力小的坝体有较大剪应变。实际堆积坝施工过程中可通过尾砂组构来分析坝体在强降雨作用下的稳定性。
Heavy rainfall is one of the important factors affecting the safety of tailings dams.At the same time,the particle size distribution of the tailings changes with the change of the beneficiation process during the construction of the tailings dam.In order to study the stability of tailings fill dams with different structures under heavy rainfall conditions,a lead-zinc ore tailings dam in Hunan province was selected as the research object,and the physical and mechanical properties of the tailings of fill dams at each level of the tailings dam were analyzed.The numerical simulation method was used to study the stability of the tailings fill dams under heavy rainfall.The results show that:1)the tailings fill dams with different heights are different,and the non-uniform coefficient,curvature coefficient,and cohesion force are different.The safety factor of the tailings fill dam is positively related to the cohesion of tailings,and proportional to the non-uniform coefficient of tailings,and inversely proportional to the curvature coefficient of tailings.2)The increasing rainfall duration has little effect on the overall stability of the tailings dam under the same rainfall intensity,but has an impact on the dam slope surface and a certain depth of the tailings dam.3)The maximum shear strain at each site of the fill dam is positively correlated with the cohesion of the tailings,and the maximum shear strain of the dam with large cohesion force is greater than the dam with small cohesion force in each area.During the actual construction of the dam,the stability of the dam under heavy rainfall can be analyzed through the size distribution of the tailings.
Heavy rainfall is one of the important factors affecting the safety of tailings dams.At the same time,the particle size distribution of the tailings changes with the change of the beneficiation process during the construction of the tailings dam.In order to study the stability of tailings fill dams with different structures under heavy rainfall conditions,a lead-zinc ore tailings dam in Hunan province was selected as the research object,and the physical and mechanical properties of the tailings of fill dams at each level of the tailings dam were analyzed.The numerical simulation method was used to study the stability of the tailings fill dams under heavy rainfall.The results show that:1)the tailings fill dams with different heights are different,and the non-uniform coefficient,curvature coefficient,and cohesion force are different.The safety factor of the tailings fill dam is positively related to the cohesion of tailings,and proportional to the non-uniform coefficient of tailings,and inversely proportional to the curvature coefficient of tailings.2)The increasing rainfall duration has little effect on the overall stability of the tailings dam under the same rainfall intensity,but has an impact on the dam slope surface and a certain depth of the tailings dam.3)The maximum shear strain at each site of the fill dam is positively correlated with the cohesion of the tailings,and the maximum shear strain of the dam with large cohesion force is greater than the dam with small cohesion force in each area.During the actual construction of the dam,the stability of the dam under heavy rainfall can be analyzed through the size distribution of the tailings.
引文
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[16]闻磊,李夕兵,苏伟.冻融循环影响下金属矿山边坡坚硬岩石物理力学性质研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):689-696.WEN Lei,LI Xibing,SU Wei.Study of physicomechanical characteristics of slope hard rocks of metal mine influenced by freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):689-696.
[17]李小春,袁维,白冰,等.基于局部强度折减法的边坡多滑面分析方法及应用研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(3):847-854.LI Xiaochun,YUAN Wei,BAI Bing,et al.Analytic approach of slope multi-slip surfaces based on local strength reduction method and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(3):847-854.
[2]GUANG JIN W,JING WEN K,DU C,et al.Study on tailings dam over-topping failure model test and break mechanism under the rainfall condition[J].Tehnicki Vjesnik,2017,24(6):1897-1904.
[3]LI S,CHEN Q,WANG X.Superiority of filtered tailings storage facility to conventional tailings impoundment in southern rainy regions of China[J].Sustainability,2016,8(11):1130.
[4]许杨东,石文芳,吴已成,等.基于层次分析法-可拓学模型的尾矿坝稳定性评价[J].有色金属科学与工程,2016,7(2):94-98.XU Yangdong,SHI Wenfang,WU Yicheng,et al.Stability evaluation of tailing dam based on AHP-extenics model[J].Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2016,7(2):94-98.
[5]RICO M,BENITO G,DíEZ-HERRERO A.Floods from tailings dam failures.[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,154(1/2/3):79-87.
[6]ˇCARMAN M,AUFLIˇC M J,KOMAC M.Landslides at a uranium mill tailing deposit site Bor2t(Slovenia)detected by radar interferometry[J].Landslides,2014,11(3):527-536.
[7]潘建平,刘湘平,王宇鸽.不同颗粒级配尾砂稳态强度特性试验研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(6):39-44.PAN Jianping,LIU Xiangping,WANG Yuge.Experimental study on steady-state strength characteristics for tailings sand with different grain size distribution[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(6):39-44.
[8]HU L,WU H,ZHANG L,et al.Geotechnical properties of mine tailings[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2016,29(2):04016220.
[9]谭钦文,李军林,徐涛.中线法堆坝尾矿料的动力特性实验研究[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(4):60-65.TAN Qinwen,LI Junlin,XU Tao.Dynamic characteristics of tailings material in centerline tailings dam[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2010,19(4):60-65.
[10]乔兰,屈春来,崔明.细粒含量对尾矿工程性质影响分析[J].岩土力学,2015,36(4):923-927,945.QIAO Lan,QU Chunlai,CUI Ming.Effect of fines conten on engineering characteristics of tailings[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(4):923-927,945.
[11]吴珺华,杨松.超固结膨胀土抗剪强度特性及边坡稳定研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(4):70-74.WU Junha,YANG Song.Study on shear strength property of over-consolidated expansive soil and slope stability[J]Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural science),2016,35(4):70-74.
[12]李剑,陈善雄,余飞.基于最大剪应变增量的边坡潜在滑动面搜索[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊1):371-378.LI Jian,CHEN Shanxiong,YU Fei.A method for searching potential failure surface of slope based on maximum shear strain increment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(S1):371-378.
[13]邓华锋,王哲,李建林,等.低孔隙水压力对砂岩卸荷力学特性影响研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(增刊1):3266-3275.DENG Huafeng,WANG Zhe,LI Jianling,et al.Experimental research about influence of low pore water pressure on unloading mechanical properties of sandstone[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(S1):3266-3275.
[14]毛锐.考虑孔隙水压力的加筋土边坡稳定性分析[J].公路与汽运,2014(4):129-132.MAO Rui.Stability analysis of reinforced soil slope considering pore water pressure[J].Highways&Automotive Applications,2014(4):129-132.
[15]张晓悦,王栋,张晓乐,等.基于水-气二相流模型的土坡稳定性分析[J].水利水电科技进展,2012,32(2):23-27.ZHANG Xiaoyue,WANG Dong,ZHANG Xiaole,et al.Stability analysis of soil slope based on water-air twophase flow model[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2012,32(2):23-27.
[16]闻磊,李夕兵,苏伟.冻融循环影响下金属矿山边坡坚硬岩石物理力学性质研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):689-696.WEN Lei,LI Xibing,SU Wei.Study of physicomechanical characteristics of slope hard rocks of metal mine influenced by freeze-thaw cycles[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):689-696.
[17]李小春,袁维,白冰,等.基于局部强度折减法的边坡多滑面分析方法及应用研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(3):847-854.LI Xiaochun,YUAN Wei,BAI Bing,et al.Analytic approach of slope multi-slip surfaces based on local strength reduction method and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(3):847-854.
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