主成分分析和聚类分析在不同粒径团聚体土壤细菌PLFA分布中的综合应用
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摘要
利用主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法对土壤主要细菌PLFA在土壤不同粒径团聚体上的分布进行了表征和聚类。旨在探讨土壤主要细菌在不同土壤粒径团聚体上的分布特征和区分的可能性。结果表明,主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法可以有效的将不同土壤粒径团聚体中细菌的PLFA进行表征和区分, 5种细菌在<0.25和>5 mm粒径下分布最广, 0.25—1 mm居中, 2—3和3—5 mm含量最少,但差异不明显。聚类分析显示,<0.25, 1—2和2—3 mm土壤团聚体中细菌的脂肪酸种类和含量相似,而其它土壤粒径的细菌各聚一类。由于细菌的磷脂脂肪酸在不同粒径团聚体中的组合和含量各不相同,其存在的差异决定了土壤不同粒径团聚体细菌的分布特征及相互关系。
The principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used to characterize and cluster the bacteria PLFA in different soil aggregate, for exploring the possibility for characterization and differences. The results showed it was effective to character and distinguish the bacteria in each soil aggregate that the principal components and cluster analysis applied. In the soil aggregate of <0.25 and>5 mm, the bacteria were the most abroad, followed by 0.25-1 mm; the lower content was distribute in 2-3 and 3-5 mm. The difference in each soil aggregate was not significant. As the analysis of cluster, the numbers and types of bacteria in <0.25, 1-2 and 2-3 mm were similar, and they were different in other aggregate. The difference of bacteria PLFA in each soil aggregate decided the distribution characteristics and relationship among the different soil aggregate.
The principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used to characterize and cluster the bacteria PLFA in different soil aggregate, for exploring the possibility for characterization and differences. The results showed it was effective to character and distinguish the bacteria in each soil aggregate that the principal components and cluster analysis applied. In the soil aggregate of <0.25 and>5 mm, the bacteria were the most abroad, followed by 0.25-1 mm; the lower content was distribute in 2-3 and 3-5 mm. The difference in each soil aggregate was not significant. As the analysis of cluster, the numbers and types of bacteria in <0.25, 1-2 and 2-3 mm were similar, and they were different in other aggregate. The difference of bacteria PLFA in each soil aggregate decided the distribution characteristics and relationship among the different soil aggregate.
引文
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[21]齐鸿雁,薛凯,张洪勋.磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在微生物生态学领域的应用[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(8):1576–1582.
[22] GE F. Modern ecology[M]. Beijing:Science Publishing House, 2002:252–254.
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[24]刘小楠,崔巍.主成分分析法在汾河水质评价中的应用[J].中国给水排水, 2009, 25(18):105–108.
[25]方红卫,孙世群,朱雨龙,等.主成分分析法在水质评价中的应用及分析[J].环境科学与管理, 2009, 34(12):152–154.
[26]胡成,苏丹,张利红,等.基于主成分分析法的辽河水体中溶解性金属来源分析[J].环境污染与防治, 2012,34(4):22–27.
[27]李玉,俞志明,宋秀贤.运用主成分分析(PCA)评价海洋沉积物中重金属污染来源[J].环境科学, 2006, 27(1):137–141
[28]李振高,骆永明,腾应.土壤与环境微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社, 2008, 9:429–439.
[29]李新蕊.主成分分析、因子分析、聚类分析的比较与应用[J].山东教育学院学报.
[30]宋江峰,李大婧,刘春泉,等.甜糯玉米软罐头主要挥发性物质主成分分析和聚类分析[J].中国农业科学,2010, 43(10):2122–2131.
[31]张玉荣,张秀华,周先青,等.主成分分析法综合评价大米的食味品质[J].河南工业大学学报, 2008,29(5):1–5.
[2]孙波,张桃林,赵其国.我国中亚热带缓丘区红粘土红壤肥力的演化Ⅱ.化学和生物学肥力的演化[J].土壤学报, 1999, 32(2):203–216.
[3]孙波,赵其国,张桃林,等.土壤质量与持续环境Ⅲ.土壤质量评价的生物学指标[J].土壤, 1997, 29(5):225–234.
[4]俞慎,李勇,王俊华,等.土壤微生物生物量作为红壤质量生物指标的探讨[J].土壤学报, 1999, 36(3):413–422.
[5] GARCIA C., HERNANDEZ T. Biological and Biochemical Indicators in Derelict Soils Subject to Erosion[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1997, 29(2):171–177.
[6]李玉,愈志明,宋秀贤.运用主成分分析(PCA)评价海洋沉积物中重金属污染来源[J].环境科学, 2006, 27(1):137–141.
[7]安韶山,黄懿梅,李壁成,等.云雾山自然保护区不同植物群落土壤酶活性特征研究[J].水土保持通报, 2004,12(6):14–17.
[8] O’LEARY M H. Carbon Isotopes in Photosynthesis[J].Biology Science, 1988, 38:328–336.
[9] KROPPENSTEDT R. Fatty Scid and Menaquinone Analysis of Actinomycetes and Related Organisms[M]. In:Goodfellow M, Minnikin D(eds)Chemical Methods in Bacterial Systematics, London:Academic Press, 1985:173–199.
[10]成毅.宁南山区植被恢复对不同粒径土壤团聚体中微生物多样性分布的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学硕士论文, 2011.
[11] FROSTEGRAD A., BAATH E. The Use of Phospholipid Fatty Acid Analysis to Estimate Bacterial and Fungal Biomass in Soil[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22:59–65
[12] ZELLES L, BAI Q Y, RACKWITZ R, et al. 1995.Determination of Phospholipid and lipopolysaccharidederived Fatty Acids as an Estimate of Microbial Biomass and Community Structures in Soils[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 19:115–123.
[13] FEDERLE W, DOBBINS D C, THORTONMANNING J R,et al. Microbial Biomass Activity and Community Structure in Subsurface Soils[J]. Ground Water, 1986, 24:365–374.
[14] RINGELBERG D B, STAIR J O, ALMEIDA J, et al.Consequences of Rrising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels for the Belowground Microbiota Associated with White Oak[J]. Journal of Environments Quality, 1997, 26:495–503
[15] KIEFT T L, WILCH E, OCONNOR K, et al. Survival and Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles of Surface and Subsurface Bacteria in Natural Sediment Microcosms[J]. Apple Environments Microblog, 1997, 63:1531–1542.
[16] BOSSIO D. A., SCOW K. M, GUNAPALA N., et al.Determination of Soil Microbial Communities:Effects of Agricultural Management, Season, and Soil Type on Phospholipids Fatty Acid Profiles[J]. Microbial Ecology,1998, 36:1–12.
[17]黄婷,岳西杰,葛玺祖,等.基于主成分分析和黄土沟壑区土壤肥力质量评价—以长武县耕地土壤为例[J].干旱地区农业研究, 2010, 28(3):141–147.
[18]吴玉红,田霄鸿,同延安,等.基于主成分分析的土壤肥力综合指数评价[J].生态学杂志, 2010, 29(1):173–180
[19]夏建国,李廷轩,邓良基,等.主成分分析方法在耕地质量评价中的应用[J].西南农业学报, 2000, 13(2):51–55.
[20] IBEKWE A M, KENNEDY A C. Phospholipid Fatty Acid Profiles and Carbon Utilization Patterns for Analysis of Microbial Community Structure under Field and Greenhouse Conditions[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,1998, 26:151–163.
[21]齐鸿雁,薛凯,张洪勋.磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析方法及其在微生物生态学领域的应用[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(8):1576–1582.
[22] GE F. Modern ecology[M]. Beijing:Science Publishing House, 2002:252–254.
[23]李志辉,罗平. PASW/SPSS Statistics中文版统计分析教程[M].第3版,北京:电子工业出版社, 2010, pp:443–455.
[24]刘小楠,崔巍.主成分分析法在汾河水质评价中的应用[J].中国给水排水, 2009, 25(18):105–108.
[25]方红卫,孙世群,朱雨龙,等.主成分分析法在水质评价中的应用及分析[J].环境科学与管理, 2009, 34(12):152–154.
[26]胡成,苏丹,张利红,等.基于主成分分析法的辽河水体中溶解性金属来源分析[J].环境污染与防治, 2012,34(4):22–27.
[27]李玉,俞志明,宋秀贤.运用主成分分析(PCA)评价海洋沉积物中重金属污染来源[J].环境科学, 2006, 27(1):137–141
[28]李振高,骆永明,腾应.土壤与环境微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社, 2008, 9:429–439.
[29]李新蕊.主成分分析、因子分析、聚类分析的比较与应用[J].山东教育学院学报.
[30]宋江峰,李大婧,刘春泉,等.甜糯玉米软罐头主要挥发性物质主成分分析和聚类分析[J].中国农业科学,2010, 43(10):2122–2131.
[31]张玉荣,张秀华,周先青,等.主成分分析法综合评价大米的食味品质[J].河南工业大学学报, 2008,29(5):1–5.