三峡库区生态环境与经济协调发展时空演变特征
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摘要
基于土地利用/覆被数据、生态系统服务价值和区域经济发展数据,通过构建年度经济环境协调度指数(Year of Economy-Environmental Harmonize,YEEH)和经济环境协调度变化指数(Economy-Environmental Harmonize Change,EEHC)模型,定量计算了三峡库区的基于行政区划的26个计算单元的生态环境和经济协调发展程度,并对其时空变化特征进行了分析,揭示了三峡库区协调发展程度时空演变的驱动因素及其作用规律。基于YEEH指数将经济与生态环境系统协调情况划分为高度恶化区、恶化区、恶化协调过渡区和协调区4个等级。在1995—2010年每隔5年4个时段,整个三峡库区的经济与生态环境协调发展程度在增加。区域经济发展的开放性和辐射性在增强,相邻地区经济增长的依存度逐步提高。EEHC的时空变化表明,经济与生态环境处于协调状态的地区在扩大,同时该区域的经济增长可能正在承受越来越大的生态环境压力。生态环境与经济协调发展的空间分布状态从起始的低于均值聚集模式发展变化到2010年的高—低两种聚集模式共同分布,协调程度时空变化的不规律性是土地覆盖变化的复杂性导致的。2010年协调度空间变化的规律性,缘于区域经济快速发展成为协调度变化的主导驱动因素,以及人类活动对大面积的土地利用/覆盖变化驱动作用的减少。结果表明区域经济发展、基础设施、区域开发及海拔条件与其作用的土地利用/覆盖有着复杂的非线性关系。研究为指导推动三峡库区乃至长江经济带高质量发展提供科学依据。
Based on the data of land use/cover,eco-service value and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)from 26 administrative units in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 1995,2000,2005 and 2010,this study used the Year of Economy-Environmental Harmonize(YEEH)and Economy-Environmental Harmonize Change(EEHC)models to evaluate the spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution and coordinative relationship between the eco-environment and the economy,and to uncover the mechanism of the evolutions.Using YEEH models,four types of eco-environment evolution were identified,namely,high degradation zone,degradation zone,degradation and coordination tranistion zone,coordination zone.The results show that the coordination between the eco-environment and the economy continuously improved in the four time periods.The dependent ratio of neighboring regions economy is increasing.According to the spatial and temporal distribution of EEHC,the areas of coordinative development between economy and eco-environment are expanding.The spatial distribution of coordination between aconomy and eco-environment appeared as a aggregated model and its value is lower than the average in 1995.However,it developed to both high and low aggregation patterns in 2010.For1995—2005,regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree were not apparent because of the changes in land use/cover.For 2010,there existed regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree due to the regional economic development and reduction of human impact on land use/cover.Based on Getis-Orddistribution of the EEHC,there are very complex nonlinear relations among the regional economy,infrastructure construction,altitude with land use/cover.The study is of significance to promote the eco-economic development of high quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Based on the data of land use/cover,eco-service value and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)from 26 administrative units in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 1995,2000,2005 and 2010,this study used the Year of Economy-Environmental Harmonize(YEEH)and Economy-Environmental Harmonize Change(EEHC)models to evaluate the spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution and coordinative relationship between the eco-environment and the economy,and to uncover the mechanism of the evolutions.Using YEEH models,four types of eco-environment evolution were identified,namely,high degradation zone,degradation zone,degradation and coordination tranistion zone,coordination zone.The results show that the coordination between the eco-environment and the economy continuously improved in the four time periods.The dependent ratio of neighboring regions economy is increasing.According to the spatial and temporal distribution of EEHC,the areas of coordinative development between economy and eco-environment are expanding.The spatial distribution of coordination between aconomy and eco-environment appeared as a aggregated model and its value is lower than the average in 1995.However,it developed to both high and low aggregation patterns in 2010.For1995—2005,regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree were not apparent because of the changes in land use/cover.For 2010,there existed regular spatial changes of the coordinative degree due to the regional economic development and reduction of human impact on land use/cover.Based on Getis-Orddistribution of the EEHC,there are very complex nonlinear relations among the regional economy,infrastructure construction,altitude with land use/cover.The study is of significance to promote the eco-economic development of high quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
引文
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[22]李炯光.三峡库区区域经济发展状况的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2005,15(4):63-68.
[23]江砥.湖北省三峡库区产业发展研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2006.
[24]吴凯,王晓琳,刘培,等.三峡库区生态系统时空分布及其演替特征[J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(4):1-9.
[25]刘婷,赵伟,黄婧,等.三峡库区重庆段生态承载力时空演变研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(1):115-125.
[26]国洪磊,周启刚,焦欢,等.三峡库区土地利用变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(2):313-317,359.
[27]邵景安,张仕超,魏朝富.基于大型水利工程建设阶段的三峡库区土地利用变化遥感分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(12):2189-2203.
[2] KONARSKA K M, SUTTON P C, CASTELLON M. Evalu?ating scale dependence of ecosystem service valuation:Acomparison of NOAA-AVHRR and Landsat TM datasets[J].Ecological Economics,2004,41(3):491-507.
[3] KREUTER U P, HARRIS H G, MATLOCK M D, et al.Change in ecosystem service values in the San Antonio ar?ea, Texas[J].Ecological Economics,2001,39(3):333-346.
[4] SUTTON P C, COSTANZA R. Global estimates of marketand non-market values derived from nighttime satellite im?agery, land cover, and ecosystem service valuation[J].Eco?logical Economics,2002,41(3):509-527.
[5] HELMING K, PEREZ-SOBA M, TABBUSH P. Sustain?ability impact assessment of land use policies[M]. BerlinHeidelberg,Germany:Springer Press,2008.
[6]王振波,方创琳,王婧.1991年以来长三角快速城市化地区生态经济系统协调度评价及其空间演化模式[J].地理学报,2011,66(12):1657-1668.
[7]周宁,李月臣.基于改进生态足迹模型的重庆市生态承载力研究[J].重庆师范大学(自然科学版),2018,35(2):56-63.
[8]吴玉鸣,张燕.中国区域经济增长与环境的耦合协调发展研究[J].资源科学,2008,30(1):25-30.
[9]吴建寨,李波,张新时.生态系统服务价值变化在生态经济协调发展评价中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2554-2558.
[10]郑栋升,张仕超,李孝坤,等.基于能值理论和生态服务价值的重庆市生态GDP核算[J].重庆师范大学(自然科学版),2018,35(4):59-66.
[11]魏伟,石培基,魏晓旭,等.中国陆地经济与生态环境协调发展的空间演变[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2636-2648.
[12]国务院三峡工程建设委员会办公室水库管理司.长江三峡工程生态与环境监测公报2017[R].北京:中华人民共和国环境保护部,2017.
[13]徐新良,刘纪远,张增祥,等.2015.中国5年间隔陆地生态系统空间分布数据集(1990-2010)(ChinaEco100)[DS],全球变化科学研究数据出版系统,2015.
[14]徐新良,刘纪远,张增祥,等.中国5年间隔陆地生态系统空间分布数据集(1990—2010)内容与研发[J].全球变化数据学报,2017,1(1):52-59.
[15] COSTANZA R D,ARGE R, GROOT R D, et al. The val?ue of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Ecological Economics,1998,25(1):3-15.
[16]谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,等.一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法[J].自然资源学报,2008,23(5):911-919.
[17]乔标,方创琳.城市化与生态环境协调发展的动态耦合模型及其在干旱区的应用[J].生态学报,2005,25(11):3003-3009.
[18] GETIS A, ORD J K. The analysis of spatial associationby use of distance statistics[J].Geographical Analysis,1992,24(3):189-206.
[19] ORD K,GETIS A. Local spatial autocorrelation statis?tics:Distributional issues and an application[J].Geographi?cal Analysis,2010,27(4):286-306.
[20] MITCHELL A. The ESRI Guide to GIS Analysis,Volume1:geographic patterns&relationships[M].California:EsriPress,1999.
[21]何春燕,薛鹏,刘邵权.重庆三峡库区生态经济区县域经济发展空间差异分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(9):1110-1116.
[22]李炯光.三峡库区区域经济发展状况的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2005,15(4):63-68.
[23]江砥.湖北省三峡库区产业发展研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2006.
[24]吴凯,王晓琳,刘培,等.三峡库区生态系统时空分布及其演替特征[J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(4):1-9.
[25]刘婷,赵伟,黄婧,等.三峡库区重庆段生态承载力时空演变研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(1):115-125.
[26]国洪磊,周启刚,焦欢,等.三峡库区土地利用变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(2):313-317,359.
[27]邵景安,张仕超,魏朝富.基于大型水利工程建设阶段的三峡库区土地利用变化遥感分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(12):2189-2203.