生物炭对不同镉污染土壤钝化效果和小白菜镉吸收的影响
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摘要
目前生物炭用量对不同镉污染水平土壤的钝化效果缺乏进一步认识,利用外源添加试验研究了不同土壤镉污染水平、不同生物炭添加量对小白菜镉吸收和土壤镉有效性的影响。结果表明,添加生物炭能降低土壤有效态镉含量和小白菜地上部镉吸收量,且随着生物炭量的增加钝化效果更明显,其中以4%的生物炭添加量的效果最佳,小白菜地上部镉含量降低了55.9%～76.0%。生物炭添加提高土壤pH值,降低了土壤有效态镉含量2.4%～62.3%,其中较低镉水平土壤有效态镉含量降幅高于较高镉水平的土壤。
In order to further understand the passivation effect of biochar dosage on different cadmium(Cd) pollution soils, exogenous Cd addition experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil Cd levels and biochar additions on Cd uptake of Brassica chinensis and soil Cd availability. The results showed that biochar application reduced soil Cd availability and Cd absorption of Brassica chinensis. The effect of Cd passivation became more obvious with the increasing levels of biochar amendment. The effect of 4% biochar addition was the best, and the Cd content in the aboveground Brassica chinensis was decreased by 55.9%～76.0%. Different biochar additions increased soil pH value and decreased the content of soil active Cd by 2.4% ～ 62.3%. The decline rate of active Cd content in soils with the lower Cd level was higher than that with the higher Cd level.
In order to further understand the passivation effect of biochar dosage on different cadmium(Cd) pollution soils, exogenous Cd addition experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil Cd levels and biochar additions on Cd uptake of Brassica chinensis and soil Cd availability. The results showed that biochar application reduced soil Cd availability and Cd absorption of Brassica chinensis. The effect of Cd passivation became more obvious with the increasing levels of biochar amendment. The effect of 4% biochar addition was the best, and the Cd content in the aboveground Brassica chinensis was decreased by 55.9%～76.0%. Different biochar additions increased soil pH value and decreased the content of soil active Cd by 2.4% ～ 62.3%. The decline rate of active Cd content in soils with the lower Cd level was higher than that with the higher Cd level.
引文
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[12]李剑睿,徐应明,林大松,等.农田重金属污染原位钝化修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报, 2014(4):721-728.
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[14] CUI L, PAN G, LI L, et al. The reduction of wheat cd uptake in contaminated soil via biochar amendment:A two-year field experiment[J]. Bioresources, 2012, 7(4):5666-5676.
[15] HOUBEN D, EVRARD L, SONNET P. Mobility, bioavailability and pH-dependent leaching of cadmium, zinc and lead in a contaminated soil amended with biochar[J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 92(11):1450-1457.
[16] UCHIMIYA M, WARTELLE L H, KLASSON K T, et al. Influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar property and function as a heavy metal sorbent in soil.[J]. Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2011, 59(6):2501.
[17]张燕,铁柏清,刘孝利,等.玉米秸秆生物炭对水稻不同生育期吸收积累As、Cd的影响[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(3):500-505.
[18]徐应明,林大松,吕建波,等.化学调控作用对Cd Pb Cu复合污染菜地土壤中重金属形态和植物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2006, 25(2):326-330.
[2]金睿,刘可星,艾绍英,等.生物炭复配调理剂对镉污染土壤性状和小白菜镉吸收及其生理特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2016, 47(9):1480-1487.
[3]吴岩,杜立宇,梁成华,等.生物炭与沸石混施对不同污染土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报, 2018, 32(1):286-290.
[4] FELLET G, MARCHIOL L, DELLE V G, et al. Application of bioc har on mine tailings:Effects and perspectives for land reclamation[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 83(9):1262-1267.
[5]钱林波.生物炭对酸性土壤中有害金属植物毒性缓解及阻控机理[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2014.
[6]陈温福,张伟明,孟军,等.生物炭应用技术研究[J].中国工程科学, 2011, 13(2):83-89.
[7]张华纬,甄华杨,岳士忠,等.水稻秸秆生物炭对污染土壤中镉生物有效性的影响[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(6):1068-1074.
[8]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析3版[M].中国农业出版社, 2000.
[9]曾宇,雷雅丽,李京,等.氮、磷、钾用量与种植密度对油菜产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(1):146-153.
[10]赖永翔.生物炭对重金属镉钝化效应及其土壤环境的影响[D].福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2018.
[11]杨兰,李冰,王昌全,等.改性生物炭材料对稻田原状和外源镉污染土钝化效应[J].环境科学, 2016, 37(9):3562-3574.
[12]李剑睿,徐应明,林大松,等.农田重金属污染原位钝化修复研究进展[J].生态环境学报, 2014(4):721-728.
[13]许妍哲,方战强.生物炭修复土壤重金属的研究进展[J].环境工程, 2015, 33(2):156-159.
[14] CUI L, PAN G, LI L, et al. The reduction of wheat cd uptake in contaminated soil via biochar amendment:A two-year field experiment[J]. Bioresources, 2012, 7(4):5666-5676.
[15] HOUBEN D, EVRARD L, SONNET P. Mobility, bioavailability and pH-dependent leaching of cadmium, zinc and lead in a contaminated soil amended with biochar[J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 92(11):1450-1457.
[16] UCHIMIYA M, WARTELLE L H, KLASSON K T, et al. Influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar property and function as a heavy metal sorbent in soil.[J]. Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2011, 59(6):2501.
[17]张燕,铁柏清,刘孝利,等.玉米秸秆生物炭对水稻不同生育期吸收积累As、Cd的影响[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(3):500-505.
[18]徐应明,林大松,吕建波,等.化学调控作用对Cd Pb Cu复合污染菜地土壤中重金属形态和植物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2006, 25(2):326-330.
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