城市化背景下滨海城市绿地木本植物物种多样性特征研究——以东营市建成区为例
|
摘要
在对东营市建成区城市绿地木本植物调查的基础上,研究木本植物物种多样性以及物种多样性与城区分布特征之间的关系.结果表明:绿地木本植物种类共计47科80属166种,乔灌树种比例为1∶0.61,数量比例为1∶0.56;常绿、落叶树种比例为1∶4.2,数量比例为1∶2.03;乡土树种与外来树种比例为1∶3.在3个城区中, Margalef物种丰富度指数、 Simpson多样性指数、 Shannon-Wiener指数结果从大到小排序都为东城区、西城区、技术开发区; Pielou均匀度从大到小排序为技术开发区、西城、东城区,东城区木本植物物种多样性最高,对其他城区有指导和示范作用.基于调查结果提出建议:优化绿地木本植物应用;提高优势植物物种的种类和数量;提升城市绿地木本植物物种多样性水平.
Based on an investigation of woody plants in the urban green space of Dongying built-up area, the diversity of plant species in this area and its relationship with the distribution characteristics in the urban area were studied. The results showed that there were 47 families, 80 genera and 166 species of woody plant species in the study area, the ratio of arbor and shrub species being 1∶0.61 and the number ratio 1∶0.56, the ratio of evergreen and deciduous tree species 1∶4.2 and the number ratio 1∶2.03, and the ratio of native tree species to exotic tree species 1∶3. In the three urban areas studied, the order of Margalef species richness index, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index was Dongsheng(east city) district > Xicheng(west city) district > Technology Development Area. Pielou evenness index appeared in the order of Technology Development Area > Xicheng district > Dongcheng district. Dongcheng district might play a role of guidance and demonstration for the other urban areas owing to its high woody plant species diversity. Based on the survey results it is recommended that the application of woody plants in green space should be optimized;the kinds and quantity of dominant plant species improved; and the diversity of woody plants in urban green space enhanced.
Based on an investigation of woody plants in the urban green space of Dongying built-up area, the diversity of plant species in this area and its relationship with the distribution characteristics in the urban area were studied. The results showed that there were 47 families, 80 genera and 166 species of woody plant species in the study area, the ratio of arbor and shrub species being 1∶0.61 and the number ratio 1∶0.56, the ratio of evergreen and deciduous tree species 1∶4.2 and the number ratio 1∶2.03, and the ratio of native tree species to exotic tree species 1∶3. In the three urban areas studied, the order of Margalef species richness index, Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index was Dongsheng(east city) district > Xicheng(west city) district > Technology Development Area. Pielou evenness index appeared in the order of Technology Development Area > Xicheng district > Dongcheng district. Dongcheng district might play a role of guidance and demonstration for the other urban areas owing to its high woody plant species diversity. Based on the survey results it is recommended that the application of woody plants in green space should be optimized;the kinds and quantity of dominant plant species improved; and the diversity of woody plants in urban green space enhanced.
引文
[1] 张坤民,温宗国,杜斌.生态城市评估与指标体系 [M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003:1-17.
[2] 赵娟娟,宋晨晨,刘时彦.城市植物种类构成的特征分析——以厦门市为例 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(7):1-8.
[3] ACAR C,ACAR H,ERO?LU E.Evaluation of Ornamental Plant Resources to Urban Biodiversity and Cultural Changing:A Case Study of Residential Landscapes in Trabzon City (Turkey) [J].Building and Environment,2007,42(1):218-229.
[4] MCKINNEY M L.Urbanization as a Major Cause of Biotic Homogenization [J].Biological Conservation,2006,127(3):247-260.
[5] 杨学军,林源祥,胡文辉,等.上海城市园林植物群落的物种丰富度调查 [J].中国园林,2000,16(3):67-69.
[6] 林萍,马建武,彭建松,等.昆明市住宅小区中植物物种多样性现状及分析 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(10):55-60.
[7] 杨琼,王海洋,李慧.永川区道路林带植物多样性研究 [J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,41(3):120-124.
[8] 王鹏飞,栗燕,杨秋生.郑州市公园绿地木本植物物种多样性研究 [J].中国园林,2009,25(5):84-87.
[9] 彭羽,刘雪华.城市化对植物多样性影响的研究进展 [J].生物多样性,2007,15(5):558-562.
[10] 张金屯.数量生态学 [M].北京:科学出版社,2004:7-14.
[11] 李芳,黄俊华,朱军.乌鲁木齐市居住区木本植物物种多样性调查研究 [J].中国园林,2012,28(6):90-94.
[12] 张琳,孟亚南,王佩佩,等.郑州城市园林植物群落物种多样性研究 [J].林业资源管理,2017(6):72-76.
[13] 孟奎尧,郭绍霞,赵秀芬.青岛市中山公园木本植物多样性研究 [J].北方园艺,2012(11):93-96.
[14] 岳桦,牛洪涛.大连市道路绿地的植物构成研究 [J].西部林业科学,2010,39(2):22-26.
[15] 解文杰.安国市城区绿化植物的群落结构与多样性分析 [D].保定:河北农业大学,2013.
[16] 胡馨予,周春玲,胡志忠.即墨市城市绿地木本植物多样性研究 [J].北方园艺,2014(19):83-86.
[17] 鲁敏,李英杰.城市生态绿地系统建设:植物种选择与绿化工程构建 [M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005:136-141.
[18] 陈自新,苏雪痕,刘少宗,等.北京城市园林绿化生态效益的研究(5) [J].中国园林,1998,14(5):57-60.
[19] 达良俊,杨永川,陈鸣.生态型绿化法在上海“近自然”群落建设中的应用 [J].中国园林,2004,20(3):38-40.
[20] 达良俊,郭雪艳.生态宜居与城市近自然森林——基于生态哲学思想的城市生命地标建构 [J].中国城市林业,2017,15(4):1-5.
[2] 赵娟娟,宋晨晨,刘时彦.城市植物种类构成的特征分析——以厦门市为例 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(7):1-8.
[3] ACAR C,ACAR H,ERO?LU E.Evaluation of Ornamental Plant Resources to Urban Biodiversity and Cultural Changing:A Case Study of Residential Landscapes in Trabzon City (Turkey) [J].Building and Environment,2007,42(1):218-229.
[4] MCKINNEY M L.Urbanization as a Major Cause of Biotic Homogenization [J].Biological Conservation,2006,127(3):247-260.
[5] 杨学军,林源祥,胡文辉,等.上海城市园林植物群落的物种丰富度调查 [J].中国园林,2000,16(3):67-69.
[6] 林萍,马建武,彭建松,等.昆明市住宅小区中植物物种多样性现状及分析 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(10):55-60.
[7] 杨琼,王海洋,李慧.永川区道路林带植物多样性研究 [J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,41(3):120-124.
[8] 王鹏飞,栗燕,杨秋生.郑州市公园绿地木本植物物种多样性研究 [J].中国园林,2009,25(5):84-87.
[9] 彭羽,刘雪华.城市化对植物多样性影响的研究进展 [J].生物多样性,2007,15(5):558-562.
[10] 张金屯.数量生态学 [M].北京:科学出版社,2004:7-14.
[11] 李芳,黄俊华,朱军.乌鲁木齐市居住区木本植物物种多样性调查研究 [J].中国园林,2012,28(6):90-94.
[12] 张琳,孟亚南,王佩佩,等.郑州城市园林植物群落物种多样性研究 [J].林业资源管理,2017(6):72-76.
[13] 孟奎尧,郭绍霞,赵秀芬.青岛市中山公园木本植物多样性研究 [J].北方园艺,2012(11):93-96.
[14] 岳桦,牛洪涛.大连市道路绿地的植物构成研究 [J].西部林业科学,2010,39(2):22-26.
[15] 解文杰.安国市城区绿化植物的群落结构与多样性分析 [D].保定:河北农业大学,2013.
[16] 胡馨予,周春玲,胡志忠.即墨市城市绿地木本植物多样性研究 [J].北方园艺,2014(19):83-86.
[17] 鲁敏,李英杰.城市生态绿地系统建设:植物种选择与绿化工程构建 [M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005:136-141.
[18] 陈自新,苏雪痕,刘少宗,等.北京城市园林绿化生态效益的研究(5) [J].中国园林,1998,14(5):57-60.
[19] 达良俊,杨永川,陈鸣.生态型绿化法在上海“近自然”群落建设中的应用 [J].中国园林,2004,20(3):38-40.
[20] 达良俊,郭雪艳.生态宜居与城市近自然森林——基于生态哲学思想的城市生命地标建构 [J].中国城市林业,2017,15(4):1-5.