基于系统动力学的双特性需求侧资源效用评价机制研究
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摘要
具有充、放电双重特性的电动汽车通过响应需求侧资源调度管理,在不同时段可提供不同的充、放电备用容量,从而辅助清洁能源实现真正意义上的清洁供给。鉴于电力供给系统的动态、时变复杂系统特性,利用系统动力学构建了双特性需求侧资源在促进清洁能源消纳上的效用评价体系。对利用系统动力学建立效用评价体系的机理进行了分析;对系统边界及因果回路进行了剖析。在此基础上,构建了基于系统动力学的效用评价模型。通过算例仿真,对评价体系的可行性、有效性进行了验证。
Electric vehicles with dual characteristics of charge and discharge can provide different reserve capacity of charge and discharge in different time periods through responding to demand-side resources scheduling management, so as to assist in clean energy supply. In view of the dynamic and time-varying complex system characteristics of the power supply system, a utility evaluation system of dual-characteristic demand-side resources in promoting the consumption of clean energy is constructed on the basis of system dynamics. The mechanism of establishing utility evaluation system based on system dynamics is analyzed. System boundary and causal loop are analyzed. On this basis, a utility evaluation model based on system dynamics is constructed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation system are verified by numerical simulation.
Electric vehicles with dual characteristics of charge and discharge can provide different reserve capacity of charge and discharge in different time periods through responding to demand-side resources scheduling management, so as to assist in clean energy supply. In view of the dynamic and time-varying complex system characteristics of the power supply system, a utility evaluation system of dual-characteristic demand-side resources in promoting the consumption of clean energy is constructed on the basis of system dynamics. The mechanism of establishing utility evaluation system based on system dynamics is analyzed. System boundary and causal loop are analyzed. On this basis, a utility evaluation model based on system dynamics is constructed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation system are verified by numerical simulation.
引文
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[26] 钟永光,贾晓菁,李旭,等.系统动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[2] ZENG M,XUE S,ZHU X L,et al.China’s 12th Five-year Plan Pushes Power Industry in New Directions[J].Power,2012,156(1):50-55.
[3] 王娟娟,吕泉,李卫东,等.电力市场环境下需求侧AGC成本的分摊策略[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(6):31-35.WANG Juanjuan,LYU Quan,LI Weidong,et al.Allocation of Customer-side AGC Cost in Electricity Market Environment[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(6):31-35.
[4] 王健,宋述停,兰俊美,等.电力需求侧大数据应用模型的建立[J].电力与能源,2014,35(3):283-286.WANG Jian,SONG Shuting,LAN Junmei,et al.Establishment of Application Model of Big Data in Power Cemand Side Management[J].Power & Energy,2014,35(3):283-286.
[5] 赵晋泉,唐洁,罗卫华.一种含风电电力系统的日前发电计划和旋转备用决策模型[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(5):21-27.ZHAO Jinquan,TANG Jie,LUO Weihua,et al.Day-ahead Generation Scheduling and Spinning Reserve Decision-making Model for Power Grid Containing Wind Power[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(5):21-27.
[6] HUANG A Q,CROW M L,HEYDT G T,et al.The Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) System:the Energy Internet[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2011,99(1):133-148.
[7] GILS H G.Economic Potential for Future Demand Response in Germany-Modeling Approach and Case Study[J].Applied Energy,2016,126(11):401-415.
[8] 丁宁,吴军基,邹云.基于DSM的风谷时段划分及分时电价研究[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(23):9-12.DING Ning,WU Junji,ZOU Yun.Research of Peak and Valley Time Period Partition Approach and TOU Price Based on DSM[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(23):9-12.
[9] 李晖,康重庆,夏清.考虑用户满意度的需求侧管理价格决策模型[J].电网技术,2004,28(23):1-6.LI Hui,KANG Chongqing,XIA Qing.Price Based Decision Making For Demand Side Management Considering Customer Satisfaction Index[J].Power System Technology,2004,28(23):1-6.
[10] DAVID A K,LI Y Z.Effect on Inter-tem Poral Factors on the Real Time Pricing of Electricity[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,1993,8(3):44-52.
[11] KRISCHEN D S,STRBAG G,CUMPERAYOT P,et al.Factoring the Elasticity of Demand in Electricity Prices[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2000,15(2):612-617.
[12] 秦祯芳,岳顺民,余太鑫,等.零售端电力市场中的电量电价弹性矩阵[J].电网技术,2004,28(23):1-6.QIN Zhenfang,YUE Shunmin,YU Taixin,et al.Price Elasticity Matrix of Demand in Current Retail Power Market[J].Power System Technology,2004 ,28(23):1-6.
[13] CELEBI E,DAVID F J.A model for Efficient Consumer Pricing Schemes in Electricity Markets[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2007,22(1):60-67.
[14] BARBOSE G,GOLDM A N G,BHARVIRKAR R,et al.Real Time Pricing as a Default or Optional Service for C&I Customers:a Comparative Analysis of Eight Case Studies[EB/OL].[2007-07-21].
[15] FARUQUI A,GEORGE S.Quantifying Customer Response to Dynamic Pricing[J].The Electricity Journal,2005,18(4):53-63.
[16] HERTER K,MCAULIFFE P,ROSENFELD A.An Exploratory Analysis of California Residential Customer Response to Critical Peak Pricing of Electricity[J].Energy,2007,32(1):25-34.
[17] HERTER K.Residential Implementation of Critical-peak Pricing of Electricity[J].Energy Policy,2007,35(4):2121-2130.
[18] HUANG K Y,HUANG Y C.Integrating Direct Load Control with Interruptible Load Management to Provide Instantaneous Reserves for Ancillary Services[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2004,19(3):1626-1634.
[19] KURUCZ C N,BRANDT D,SIM S.A Linear Programming Model for Reducing System Peak Through Customer Load Control Programs[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,1996,11(4):1817-1824.
[20] LEE F N,BREIPOHL A M.Operational Cost Saving of Direct Load Control[J].IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus and Systems,1984,103(5):988-993.
[21] COHEN A I,WANG C C.An Optimization Method for Load Management Scheduling[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,1988,3(2):612-618.
[22] JORGE H,ANTUNES C H,MARTINS A G.A Multiple Objective Decision Support Model for the Selection of Remote Load Control Strategies[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2000,15(2):865-872.
[23] GOMES A,ANTUNES C H,MARTINS A G.A Multiple Objective Evolutionary Approach for the Decision and Selection of Load Control Strategies[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2004,19(2):1173-1180.
[24] 韩冬,严正,宋依群,等.基于系统动力学的智能电网动态评价方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(3):16-21.HAN Dong,YAN Zheng,SONG Yiqun,et al.Dynamic Assessment Method for Smart Grid Based on System Dynamics [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(3):16-21.
[25] 芦兴,叶杰宏.基于差异化用电成本的主动配电网DSM运营策略研究[J].电力与能源,2016,37(2):165-171.LU Xing,YE Hongjie.DSM Operation Strategy for Active Power Distribution Network Based on Differential Electricity Costs[J].Power & Energy,2016,37(2):165-171.
[26] 钟永光,贾晓菁,李旭,等.系统动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.