基于“三壳”承载结构的软岩巷道底鼓治理技术研究
|
摘要
针对贵州省盘江矿区某矿131运输巷底鼓严重问题,本文通过现场调研、室内试验、理论分析及数值模拟等研究方法,揭示底鼓的变形破坏特点及破坏原因。分析认为底板围岩破碎且处于无支护状态,在高应力作用下发生剪切破坏,水理作用导致底板围岩进一步破碎是底鼓发生的主要原因。基于此提出"三壳"支护理论,分析其底鼓支护机理,构建了"底板浅部注浆锚杆+深部注浆锚索束+灌浆500mm+U型可缩性支架"的"三壳"治理底鼓技术并成功运用。现场监测结果表明:巷道的围岩变形分为三个阶段,20d变形剧烈,20～45d较为缓和,45d以后变形趋于稳定,底鼓量最大95 mm,稳定后变形速率0.35mm/d,变形量在可控范围内,支护效果显著。
Aiming at the serious problem of the floor heave of 131 transportation tunnel in a mine of Panjiang mining area,this paper reveals the deformation and failure characteristics of the floor heave and the causes of damage through field research,laboratory test,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.It is believed that the main cause of the floor heave is the occurrence of shear failure and the further deepening of the hydraulic action under the high stress of the broken rock of the bottom plate and the unsupported state.Based on this,the"triple-shell"support theory is proposed.The mechanism of the floor heave support is analyzed,and the"triple-shell"control floor heave technology of"shallow bottom grouting anchor rod+deep grouting anchor cable+grouting 500 mm+ U type shrinkable bracket"is constructed and successfully applied.The results of on-site monitoring show that the surrounding rock deformation of the roadway is divided into three stages.The 20 ddeformation is severe,and the deformation is more moderate from 20 dto45 d.After 45 d,the deformation area is stable.The maximum floor heave volume is 95 mm,and the deformation rate is 0.35 mm/d after stabilization.Such a deformation amount is within a controllable range,and the support effect is remarkable.
Aiming at the serious problem of the floor heave of 131 transportation tunnel in a mine of Panjiang mining area,this paper reveals the deformation and failure characteristics of the floor heave and the causes of damage through field research,laboratory test,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.It is believed that the main cause of the floor heave is the occurrence of shear failure and the further deepening of the hydraulic action under the high stress of the broken rock of the bottom plate and the unsupported state.Based on this,the"triple-shell"support theory is proposed.The mechanism of the floor heave support is analyzed,and the"triple-shell"control floor heave technology of"shallow bottom grouting anchor rod+deep grouting anchor cable+grouting 500 mm+ U type shrinkable bracket"is constructed and successfully applied.The results of on-site monitoring show that the surrounding rock deformation of the roadway is divided into three stages.The 20 ddeformation is severe,and the deformation is more moderate from 20 dto45 d.After 45 d,the deformation area is stable.The maximum floor heave volume is 95 mm,and the deformation rate is 0.35 mm/d after stabilization.Such a deformation amount is within a controllable range,and the support effect is remarkable.
引文
[1]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2803-2813.HE Manchao,XIE Heping,PENG Suping,et al.Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2803-2813.
[2]杨仁树,李永亮,郭东明,等.深部高应力软岩巷道变形破坏原因及支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(6):1035-1041.YANG Renshu,LI Yongliang,GUO Dongming,et al.Deformation reasons and support technology of deep and high-stress soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(6):1035-1041.
[3]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:47-62.
[4]江东海,李恭建,马文强,等.复杂节理岩体巷道非均称底鼓机制及控制对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(2):238-244.JIANG Donghai,LI Gongjian,MA Wenqiang,et al.Mechanism of non-harmonious roadway floor heave in complex jointed rock mass and control measures[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2018,35(2):238-244.
[5]汪占领.深部动压软岩巷道底鼓控制技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(7):55-57.WANG Zhanling.Research on floor heave control technology for deep roadway with dynamic pressure soft rock[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(7):55-57.
[6]林东才,魏夕合,许春兆,等.深井膨胀型软岩底板沿空留巷底鼓类型及变形机理研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(1):23-26,87.LIN Dongcai,WEI Xihe,XU Chunzhao,et al.Research on the type and deformation mechanism of floor heave of swelling soft rock along goaf in deep mine[J].Mining Research and Development,2013,33(1):23-26,87.
[7]谢广祥,常聚才.超挖锚注回填控制深部巷道底臌研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1242-1246.XIE Guangxiang,CHANG Jucai.Study on overcutting-bolting&grouting-backfilling concrete to control the floor heave of deep mine roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1242-1246.
[8]刘泉声,刘学伟,黄兴,等.深井软岩破碎巷道底臌原因及处置技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(4):566-571.LIU Quansheng,LIU Xuewei,HUANG Xing,et al.Research on the floor heave reasons and supporting measures of deep soft-fractured rock roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(4):566-571.
[9]杨本生,高斌,孙利辉,等.深井软岩巷道连续“双壳”治理底鼓机理与技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):587-592.YANG Bensheng,GAO Bin,SUN Lihui,et al.Study on technology and mechanism of continuous“double shell”harnessing floor heave in deep soft-engineering rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(4):587-592.
[10]王晓卿,阚甲广,焦建康.高应力软岩巷道底鼓机理及控制实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(2):214-220,227.WANG Xiaoqing,KAN Jiaguang,JIAO Jiankang.Mechanism of floor heave in the roadway with high stress and soft rock and its control practice[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(2):214-220,227.
[11]王卫军,冯涛.加固两帮控制深井巷道底鼓的机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):808-811.WANG Weijun,FENG Tao.Study on mechanism of reinforcing sides to control floor heave of extraction opening[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):808-811.
[2]杨仁树,李永亮,郭东明,等.深部高应力软岩巷道变形破坏原因及支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(6):1035-1041.YANG Renshu,LI Yongliang,GUO Dongming,et al.Deformation reasons and support technology of deep and high-stress soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(6):1035-1041.
[3]何满潮,景海河,孙晓明.软岩工程力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:47-62.
[4]江东海,李恭建,马文强,等.复杂节理岩体巷道非均称底鼓机制及控制对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(2):238-244.JIANG Donghai,LI Gongjian,MA Wenqiang,et al.Mechanism of non-harmonious roadway floor heave in complex jointed rock mass and control measures[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2018,35(2):238-244.
[5]汪占领.深部动压软岩巷道底鼓控制技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(7):55-57.WANG Zhanling.Research on floor heave control technology for deep roadway with dynamic pressure soft rock[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(7):55-57.
[6]林东才,魏夕合,许春兆,等.深井膨胀型软岩底板沿空留巷底鼓类型及变形机理研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(1):23-26,87.LIN Dongcai,WEI Xihe,XU Chunzhao,et al.Research on the type and deformation mechanism of floor heave of swelling soft rock along goaf in deep mine[J].Mining Research and Development,2013,33(1):23-26,87.
[7]谢广祥,常聚才.超挖锚注回填控制深部巷道底臌研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):1242-1246.XIE Guangxiang,CHANG Jucai.Study on overcutting-bolting&grouting-backfilling concrete to control the floor heave of deep mine roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(8):1242-1246.
[8]刘泉声,刘学伟,黄兴,等.深井软岩破碎巷道底臌原因及处置技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(4):566-571.LIU Quansheng,LIU Xuewei,HUANG Xing,et al.Research on the floor heave reasons and supporting measures of deep soft-fractured rock roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(4):566-571.
[9]杨本生,高斌,孙利辉,等.深井软岩巷道连续“双壳”治理底鼓机理与技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):587-592.YANG Bensheng,GAO Bin,SUN Lihui,et al.Study on technology and mechanism of continuous“double shell”harnessing floor heave in deep soft-engineering rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(4):587-592.
[10]王晓卿,阚甲广,焦建康.高应力软岩巷道底鼓机理及控制实践[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(2):214-220,227.WANG Xiaoqing,KAN Jiaguang,JIAO Jiankang.Mechanism of floor heave in the roadway with high stress and soft rock and its control practice[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(2):214-220,227.
[11]王卫军,冯涛.加固两帮控制深井巷道底鼓的机理研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):808-811.WANG Weijun,FENG Tao.Study on mechanism of reinforcing sides to control floor heave of extraction opening[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):808-811.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |