下放式海洋微结构湍流剖面仪运动学与动力学分析
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摘要
下潜速度、姿态以及振动这几个因素严重影响着湍流剖面仪测量结果的有效性和准确度。分析几个因素及相关参数,对设计和优化剖面仪具有指导意义。本文采用双坐标系,建立湍流仪下潜过程的运动模型,并建立动力学微分方程组。基于动力学模型,分析影响湍流仪下潜速度的因素,提出速度配置方法。分析了湍流剖面仪重浮心距离及下潜相对速度对稳定姿态和攻角的影响,确定结构无阻尼自由摆动的固有频率,并通过数值计算,定性分析有阻尼情况下摆动的衰减特性。通过分析相关试验数据,验证理论计算结果的有效性和准确性,为后期优化提供理论依据。
Multiple factors like sinking velocity, attitude and vibration have a strong impact on the availability and accuracy of the results measured by turbulence profilers. So analysis on such factors brings an instructional significance for designing and optimizingturbulence profilers. Indispensable motion model of profiler is built based on a bi-coordinate system for dynamic analysis. A dynamic model is built consequently, and a set of differential equations is established. Based on the model, thefactors influencing the sinking velocity are analyzed, and put forward the method for velocity configuration.The distance from barycenter to buoyant center and relative velocity of the profiler to flow field are analyzed, to estimate their effects to steady attitude and angle of attack.The natural frequency of the structure is determined under the assumption of undamped free oscillation, and the attenuation characteristics of the damped oscillation of the structure are analyzed qualitatively by means of numerical calculation. In the end, the validity and accuracy of the theoretical results are verified by analyzing the experimental data, to provide theoretical basis for optimization.
Multiple factors like sinking velocity, attitude and vibration have a strong impact on the availability and accuracy of the results measured by turbulence profilers. So analysis on such factors brings an instructional significance for designing and optimizingturbulence profilers. Indispensable motion model of profiler is built based on a bi-coordinate system for dynamic analysis. A dynamic model is built consequently, and a set of differential equations is established. Based on the model, thefactors influencing the sinking velocity are analyzed, and put forward the method for velocity configuration.The distance from barycenter to buoyant center and relative velocity of the profiler to flow field are analyzed, to estimate their effects to steady attitude and angle of attack.The natural frequency of the structure is determined under the assumption of undamped free oscillation, and the attenuation characteristics of the damped oscillation of the structure are analyzed qualitatively by means of numerical calculation. In the end, the validity and accuracy of the theoretical results are verified by analyzing the experimental data, to provide theoretical basis for optimization.
引文
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[2] 康建军,邬海强,杨庆轩,等.海洋湍流观测技术[J].海洋技术,2007,26(3):19-23.Kang J J,Wu H Q,Yang Qi X,et al.Ocean turbulence measurement technology[J].Ocean Technology,2007,26(3):19-23.
[3] 王永芳.时、频、波数域下剪切湍流数据分析方法研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.Wang Y F.Research on Analysis Method of Shear Turbulence Data in Tme,Frequency and Wavenumber Domain[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2014.
[4] Herminio F N,Rolf L,Yoshiro M,et al.A new quasi-horizontal glider to measure biophysical microstructure[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology,2014,31:2278-2293.
[5] Song D L,Yan Q Z,Wang S X,et al.A Method for Ocean Turbulence Effectiveness Detection and Intelligent Processing Based on Pseudo Dissipation Rate[C].London:Atlantis Press,2015:51-54.
[6] 刘贵春.水流作用下圆柱体的涡激振动分析[J].科学技术与工程,2007,7(1):22-25.Liu G C.Analysis of vortex-induced vibration of a cylinder in steady flow[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2007,7(1):22-25.
[7] 宋诗军.垂直微结构湍流剖面仪结构优化[D].天津:天津大学,2013.Song S J.Structure Optimization of Vertical Microstructure Turbulence Profiler[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2013.
[8] 王树新,李晓平,王延辉,等.水下滑翔器的运动建模与分析[J].海洋技术,2005(1):5-9.Wang S X,Li X P,Wang Y H,et al.Dynamic modeling and analysis of underwater glider[J].Ocean Technology,2005(1):5-9.
[9] 王子龙,王延辉,陈宝阔,等.海洋微结构湍流垂直剖面仪设计与试验[J].天津大学学报,2012,45(3):279-284.Wang Z L,Wang Y H,Chen B K,et al.Design and application of microstructure turbulence vertical profiler[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2012,45(3):279-284.
[10] 兰世泉.垂直微结构湍流剖面仪流致振动分析[D].天津:天津大学,2012.Lan S Q.The Flow-induced Vibration Analysis of Microstructure Turbulence Profiler[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2012.
[11] 邓绍云.水流流向对圆柱群阻力特性影响研究[J].水运工程,2009(11):29-33.Deng S Y.Influence of flow direction on drag force of group cylinder piles flowing around by current[J].Port and Waterway Engineering,2009(11):29-33.
[12] 王世铮,杨蒋周.关于非线性阻尼振动[J].大学物理,1985(10):12-15.Wang S Z,Yang J Z.Research on nonlinear damped vibration[J].College Physics,1985(10):12-15.
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