中国涉海城市海洋创新能力测度与评价
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摘要
从海洋创新环境、海洋创新投入和海洋创新产出三方面选取指标构建城市海洋创新指数,基于2001—2016年海洋科研机构的科技统计数据,对我国涉海城市的海洋创新能力进行评价,并对其空间布局及典型城市的发展变迁过程进行了分析。研究表明:我国涉海城市海洋科技力量布局不均衡,南方涉海城市发展整体优于北方,涉海城市间海洋创新能力存在明显的区域差异,海洋创新内部各要素之间存在不同程度的发展不协调,海洋创新产出效率有待提高。最后,针对当前问题,提出对策建议。
From the three aspects of marine innovation environment,marine innovation input and marine innovation output,we select indicators to construct urban marine innovation index.Based on the scientific and technological statistics of the marine scientific research institutions from 2001 to 2016,the marine innovation ability of the sea-related cities in China is evaluated,and the distribution and trend are analyzed.The research shows that the marine science and technology resources allocation in China is not balanced,and the development of the southern sea-related cities is better than the north.There are obvious regional differences among the marine innovation ability and its' internal elements of the sea-related cities,and the efficiency of marine innovation needs to be improved.Finally,countermeasures are put forward for the current problems.
From the three aspects of marine innovation environment,marine innovation input and marine innovation output,we select indicators to construct urban marine innovation index.Based on the scientific and technological statistics of the marine scientific research institutions from 2001 to 2016,the marine innovation ability of the sea-related cities in China is evaluated,and the distribution and trend are analyzed.The research shows that the marine science and technology resources allocation in China is not balanced,and the development of the southern sea-related cities is better than the north.There are obvious regional differences among the marine innovation ability and its' internal elements of the sea-related cities,and the efficiency of marine innovation needs to be improved.Finally,countermeasures are put forward for the current problems.
引文
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[3]C SCIENCE.OECD science,technology and industry scoreboard 2003:highlights[J].Sourceoecd Industry,2003,12:8-19.
[4]2THINKNOW INSTITUTE Innovation Cities?Indexes[EB/OL].https://www.innovation-cities.com/indexes.
[5]ROBERT A HUGGINS,HIRO IZUSHI.Regional benchmarking in a global context:knowledge,competitiveness,and economic development[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2010,23(4):275-293.
[6]M KENNEY.Understanding silicon valley:the anatomy of an entrepreneurial region[J].Stanford University Press,2002,44(2):142-143.
[7]刘永久,王忠辉,吴风庆.城市创新能力综合评价实证分析——以山东省十七城市为例[J].城市发展研究,2010,17(9):30-35.
[8]李萌,蔡建飞.基于层次分析法(AHP)的城市创新环境综合评价研究[J].科技管理研究,2012,32(4):50-53.
[9]乔章凤,周志刚.城市科技创新能力评价及实证研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报:社会科学版,2011,21(3):62-67.
[10]侯仁勇,杨道云,陈红.城市创新能力评价指标体系的构建及实证分析[J].科技进步与对策,2009,26(17):141-143.
[11]孙红兵,向刚.基于DEA的城市创新系统创新效率评价分析[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(12):130-135.
[12]杜娟,霍佳震.基于数据包络分析的中国城市创新能力评价[J].中国管理科学,2014,22(6):85-93.
[13]段利忠,刘思峰.灰色聚类分析法评价城市创新能力[J].北京工业大学学报,2003(4):508-512.
[14]王云飞,王淑玲,厉娜.沿海城市海洋科技创新能力评价研究初探[J].中国科技信息,2013(16):165-166.
[15]刘大海,徐孟,王春娟,李晓璇.中国海洋科技资源配置研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(21):32-39.
[16]王淑玲,管泉,王云飞,初志勇.世界海洋科技创新城市选择研究[J].中国科技信息,2015(15):132-134.
[17]殷克东,卫梦星.中国海洋科技发展水平动态变迁测度研究[J].中国软科学,2009(8):144-154.
[18]刘明广.城市创新指数设计与实证研究——以广东省广州市为例[J].商业经济研究,2016(6):21-24.
[19]刘大海,王春娟,李晓璇,冯磊.国家海洋创新指数构建与评估研究[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(24):114-119.