圆紫菜(Pyropia suborbiculata)减数分裂时期的遗传分析与叶状体形态建成
|
摘要
本文以圆紫菜的绿色突变体(LT)和红色突变体(HT)进行杂交实验,证实了圆紫菜减数分裂发生的时期,并观察了圆紫菜的早期发育和形态建成过程。杂交F1叶状体中,出现了2种亲本色和2种重组色,它们分别为绿色(G,母本色)、红色(R,父本色)、野生色(W)和黄褐色(Y)。4种颜色在F1叶状体中形成了大量由2—4个色块组成的颜色嵌合体,色块出现了分离并呈线性排列。F1叶状体中嵌合体所占比例为82.9%,其中两嵌合最多,三嵌合次之,四嵌合最少。4种颜色在嵌合体的分离比为1G:0.97R:0.88W:0.69Y。上述结果证实圆紫菜的减数分裂发生在壳孢子萌发初期。减数分裂产生的四分子呈线形排列,随后继续发育成叶状体,叶状体发育至7—9个细胞时进行第一次纵向分裂,叶状体形态变宽。随后,圆紫菜梢部开始大量形成和放散单孢子,最终导致圆紫菜的形状为圆形或肾脏形。
A cross experiment was carried out for two artificial pigment mutants to study the position of meiosis in P.suborbiculata.The early development and morphogenesis of P.suborbiculata blades were observed.Four types of unsectored blades and 84 types sectored blades in F1 blades were found.Except for the two parents color types blades,a wild and a yellow-brown type blades were discovered.The sectored F1 blades represented 82.9% of the total blades,and the chimera was composed mainly of two-sectored blades and three-sectored blades,accounting for 43.4% and 32.7%,respectively.Sectors of these four colors appeared in the sectored F1 blades in the proportion of 870 G:840 R:766 W:602 Y,being approximately 1:0.95:0.88:0.69.The results indicate that the meiosis of P.suborbiculata occurs during the first two cell divisions of the germinating conchospores.The linear four cells that resulted from the meiosis continued to develop,and the first longitudinal division began at the blades division into 7-9 cells.Afterwards,a large number of monospores formed and were released in the top of the blade,which eventually led to round or kidney-shaped morphology of P.suborbiculata.
A cross experiment was carried out for two artificial pigment mutants to study the position of meiosis in P.suborbiculata.The early development and morphogenesis of P.suborbiculata blades were observed.Four types of unsectored blades and 84 types sectored blades in F1 blades were found.Except for the two parents color types blades,a wild and a yellow-brown type blades were discovered.The sectored F1 blades represented 82.9% of the total blades,and the chimera was composed mainly of two-sectored blades and three-sectored blades,accounting for 43.4% and 32.7%,respectively.Sectors of these four colors appeared in the sectored F1 blades in the proportion of 870 G:840 R:766 W:602 Y,being approximately 1:0.95:0.88:0.69.The results indicate that the meiosis of P.suborbiculata occurs during the first two cell divisions of the germinating conchospores.The linear four cells that resulted from the meiosis continued to develop,and the first longitudinal division began at the blades division into 7-9 cells.Afterwards,a large number of monospores formed and were released in the top of the blade,which eventually led to round or kidney-shaped morphology of P.suborbiculata.
引文
马家海,许璞,朱建一,2005.海洋红藻遗传学--紫菜.见:张学成,秦松,马家海主编.海藻遗传学.北京:中国农业出版社,202-203
王长青,严兴洪,黄林彬等,2011.坛紫菜优良品系“申福2号”的特性分析与海区中试.水产学报,35(11):1658-1667
王素娟,1985.紫菜栽培.见:曾呈奎主编.海藻栽培学.上海:上海科学技术出版社,144-146
王素娟,张小平,徐志东等,1986.坛紫菜营养细胞和原生质体培养的研究Ⅰ.海洋与湖沼,17(3):217-221,271-272
田翠翠,2015.3个暗紫红毛菜基础生物学特征及皱紫菜叶状体形态建成观察研究.苏州:苏州大学硕士学位论文,33-39
吕峰,严兴洪,刘长军等,2010.坛紫菜耐高温品系的选育与海区中试.上海海洋大学学报,19(4):457-462
朱建一,严兴洪,丁兰平等,2016.中国紫菜原色图谱.北京:中国农业出版社,136
严兴洪,马少玉,2007.坛紫菜抗高温品系的筛选.水产学报,31(1):112-119
严兴洪,李琳,有贺祐胜,2006.坛紫菜减数分裂位置的杂交试验分析.水产学报,30(1):1-8
严兴洪,梁志强,宋武林等,2005.坛紫菜人工色素突变体的诱变与分离.水产学报,29(2):166-172
李西林,1992.论坛紫菜壳孢子采苗时间.福建水产,14(2):40-42
杨锐,2001.中国沿海几种常见紫菜的遗传变异与种质鉴定.青岛:青岛海洋大学博士学位论文,62-85
宋武林,2010.坛紫菜新品系“申福1、2号”规模化养殖技术研究.福建水产,32(4):29-34
宋武林,2016.坛紫菜新品种“申福1号”和“申福2号”耐高温性中试研究.上海海洋大学学报,25(4):522-527
张聪,严兴洪,2014.Pyropia churharii新品系的分离与特性分析.水产学报,38(9):1457-1465
张全斌,赵婷婷,綦慧敏等,2005.紫菜的营养价值研究概况.海洋科学,29(2):69-72
陈昌生,纪德华,谢潮添等,2008.坛紫菜耐高温品系选育及经济性状的初步研究.海洋学报,30(5):100-106
高洪峰,1993.不同生长期坛紫菜中藻胆蛋白的含量变化.海洋与湖沼,24(6):645-648
唐延林,1982.紫菜营养细胞和原生质体的分离和培养.山东海洋学院学报,12(4):37-50
曾呈奎,张德瑞,1954.紫菜的研究Ⅰ.甘紫菜的生活史.植物学报,3(3):287-302
曾呈奎,张德瑞,张峻甫等,1962.中国经济海藻志.北京:科学出版社,1-22,103
Fan X L,Wang G C,Li D M et al,2008.Study on early-stage development of conchospore in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda.Aquaculture,278(1-4):143-149
Kato M,Aruga Y,1984.Comparative studies on the growth and photosynthesis of the pigmentation mutants of Porphyra yezoensis in laboratory culture.The Japanese Journal of Phycology,32(4):333-347
Mitman G G,Meer J P,1994.Meiosis,blade development,and sex determination in Porphyra purpurea(Rhodophyta).Journal of Phycology,30(1):147-159
Miura A,Shin J A,1989.Crossbreeding in cultivars of Porphyra yezoensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta)-preliminary report.The Korean Journal of Phycology,4(2):207-211
Monotilla W D,Notoya M,2004.Morphological and physiological responses of Porphyra suborbiculata Kjellman(Bangiales,Rhodophyta)blades from five localities.Botanica Marina,47(4):323-334
Ohme M,Kunifuji Y,Miura A,1986.Cross experiments of the color mutants in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda.The Japanese Journal of Phycology,34(2):101-106
Ohme M,Miura A,1988.Tetrad analysis in conchospore germlings of Porphyra yezoensis(Rhodophyta,Bangiales).Plant Science,57(2):135-140
Shin J A,Miura A,1990.Estimation of the degree of self-fertilization in Porphyra yezoensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Hydrobiologia,204(1):397-400
Sutherland J E,Lindstrom S C,Nelson W A et al,2011.A new look at an ancient order:generic revision of the Bangiales(Rhodophyta).Journal of Phycology,47(5):1131-1151
Wang J F,Zhu J Y,Wei Z et al,2010.Early development patterns and morphogenesis of blades in four species of Porphyra(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Journal of Applied Phycology,22(3):297-303
Wang S J,Sun Y L,Lu A M et al,1987.Early stage differentiation of thallus cells of Porphyra haitanensis(Rhodophyta).Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,5(3):217-221
Xu L,Zhou Y H,Wang S J et al,2003.Ultrastructural and molecular evidence for monospore formation in the thallus of Porphyra yezoensis.Journal of Fisheries of China,27(6):519-527
Yan X H,1997.Induction of pigmentation mutants by treatment of monospore germlings with NNG in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Algae,12(1):39-52
Yan X H,Aruga Y,2000.Genetic analysis of artificial pigmentation mutants in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Phycological Research,48(3):177-187
Yan X H,Fujita Y,Aruga Y,2004.High monospore-producing mutants obtained by treatment with MNNG in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Hydrobiologia,512(1-3):133-140
Yan X H,Lv F,Liu C J et al,2010.Selection and characterization of a high-temperature tolerant strain of Porphyra haitanensis Chang et Zheng(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Journal of Applied Phycology,22(4):511-516
Zhang Y,Yan X H,Aruga Y,2013.The sex and sex determination in Pyropia haitanensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).PLoS One,8(8):e73414.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073414
王长青,严兴洪,黄林彬等,2011.坛紫菜优良品系“申福2号”的特性分析与海区中试.水产学报,35(11):1658-1667
王素娟,1985.紫菜栽培.见:曾呈奎主编.海藻栽培学.上海:上海科学技术出版社,144-146
王素娟,张小平,徐志东等,1986.坛紫菜营养细胞和原生质体培养的研究Ⅰ.海洋与湖沼,17(3):217-221,271-272
田翠翠,2015.3个暗紫红毛菜基础生物学特征及皱紫菜叶状体形态建成观察研究.苏州:苏州大学硕士学位论文,33-39
吕峰,严兴洪,刘长军等,2010.坛紫菜耐高温品系的选育与海区中试.上海海洋大学学报,19(4):457-462
朱建一,严兴洪,丁兰平等,2016.中国紫菜原色图谱.北京:中国农业出版社,136
严兴洪,马少玉,2007.坛紫菜抗高温品系的筛选.水产学报,31(1):112-119
严兴洪,李琳,有贺祐胜,2006.坛紫菜减数分裂位置的杂交试验分析.水产学报,30(1):1-8
严兴洪,梁志强,宋武林等,2005.坛紫菜人工色素突变体的诱变与分离.水产学报,29(2):166-172
李西林,1992.论坛紫菜壳孢子采苗时间.福建水产,14(2):40-42
杨锐,2001.中国沿海几种常见紫菜的遗传变异与种质鉴定.青岛:青岛海洋大学博士学位论文,62-85
宋武林,2010.坛紫菜新品系“申福1、2号”规模化养殖技术研究.福建水产,32(4):29-34
宋武林,2016.坛紫菜新品种“申福1号”和“申福2号”耐高温性中试研究.上海海洋大学学报,25(4):522-527
张聪,严兴洪,2014.Pyropia churharii新品系的分离与特性分析.水产学报,38(9):1457-1465
张全斌,赵婷婷,綦慧敏等,2005.紫菜的营养价值研究概况.海洋科学,29(2):69-72
陈昌生,纪德华,谢潮添等,2008.坛紫菜耐高温品系选育及经济性状的初步研究.海洋学报,30(5):100-106
高洪峰,1993.不同生长期坛紫菜中藻胆蛋白的含量变化.海洋与湖沼,24(6):645-648
唐延林,1982.紫菜营养细胞和原生质体的分离和培养.山东海洋学院学报,12(4):37-50
曾呈奎,张德瑞,1954.紫菜的研究Ⅰ.甘紫菜的生活史.植物学报,3(3):287-302
曾呈奎,张德瑞,张峻甫等,1962.中国经济海藻志.北京:科学出版社,1-22,103
Fan X L,Wang G C,Li D M et al,2008.Study on early-stage development of conchospore in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda.Aquaculture,278(1-4):143-149
Kato M,Aruga Y,1984.Comparative studies on the growth and photosynthesis of the pigmentation mutants of Porphyra yezoensis in laboratory culture.The Japanese Journal of Phycology,32(4):333-347
Mitman G G,Meer J P,1994.Meiosis,blade development,and sex determination in Porphyra purpurea(Rhodophyta).Journal of Phycology,30(1):147-159
Miura A,Shin J A,1989.Crossbreeding in cultivars of Porphyra yezoensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta)-preliminary report.The Korean Journal of Phycology,4(2):207-211
Monotilla W D,Notoya M,2004.Morphological and physiological responses of Porphyra suborbiculata Kjellman(Bangiales,Rhodophyta)blades from five localities.Botanica Marina,47(4):323-334
Ohme M,Kunifuji Y,Miura A,1986.Cross experiments of the color mutants in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda.The Japanese Journal of Phycology,34(2):101-106
Ohme M,Miura A,1988.Tetrad analysis in conchospore germlings of Porphyra yezoensis(Rhodophyta,Bangiales).Plant Science,57(2):135-140
Shin J A,Miura A,1990.Estimation of the degree of self-fertilization in Porphyra yezoensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Hydrobiologia,204(1):397-400
Sutherland J E,Lindstrom S C,Nelson W A et al,2011.A new look at an ancient order:generic revision of the Bangiales(Rhodophyta).Journal of Phycology,47(5):1131-1151
Wang J F,Zhu J Y,Wei Z et al,2010.Early development patterns and morphogenesis of blades in four species of Porphyra(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Journal of Applied Phycology,22(3):297-303
Wang S J,Sun Y L,Lu A M et al,1987.Early stage differentiation of thallus cells of Porphyra haitanensis(Rhodophyta).Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,5(3):217-221
Xu L,Zhou Y H,Wang S J et al,2003.Ultrastructural and molecular evidence for monospore formation in the thallus of Porphyra yezoensis.Journal of Fisheries of China,27(6):519-527
Yan X H,1997.Induction of pigmentation mutants by treatment of monospore germlings with NNG in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Algae,12(1):39-52
Yan X H,Aruga Y,2000.Genetic analysis of artificial pigmentation mutants in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Phycological Research,48(3):177-187
Yan X H,Fujita Y,Aruga Y,2004.High monospore-producing mutants obtained by treatment with MNNG in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Hydrobiologia,512(1-3):133-140
Yan X H,Lv F,Liu C J et al,2010.Selection and characterization of a high-temperature tolerant strain of Porphyra haitanensis Chang et Zheng(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).Journal of Applied Phycology,22(4):511-516
Zhang Y,Yan X H,Aruga Y,2013.The sex and sex determination in Pyropia haitanensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta).PLoS One,8(8):e73414.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073414
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |