中国贝母属(Fritillaria)7种植物的核型研究（英文）
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摘要
通过对7种国产贝母属(Fritillaria)植物的染色体核型进行观察和研究,报道了小白花贝母(F. albidoflora Duan&Zheng)、川贝母(F. cirrhosa Don)、伊贝母(F. pallidiflora Schrenk ex Fischer&Meyer)、华西贝母(F. sichuanica Chen)、托里贝母(F. tortifolia Duan&Zheng)、新疆贝母(F. walujewii Regel)、裕民贝母(F. yuminensis Duan)等7种植物的染色体数目及核型,其中3种为首次报道。结果显示,7种国产贝母属植物的核型均具有高度不对称性。此外,小白花贝母与已报道的黄花贝母(F. verticillata Willdenow)的核型存在明显差异,提示Flora of China将小白花贝母归并入黄花贝母的分类处理可能并不恰当,二者的关系需进一步研究。
In the present study,chromosomes of seven species of Fritillaria from China were observed,including F. albidoflora Duan & Zheng,F. cirrhosa Don,F. pallidiflora Schrenk ex Fischer & Meyer,F. sichuanica Chen,F. tortifolia Duan & Zheng,F. walujewii Regel,and F.yuminensis Duan. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the seven species were determined,with three reported here for the first time. The present results showed high chromosome asymmetry in the Chinese Fritillaria. In addition,the differences in karyotypes indicated that it might not be justified to reduce F. albidoflora to a synonym of F. verticillata Willdenow. Thus,further study is needed to verify the relationship between the two taxa.
In the present study,chromosomes of seven species of Fritillaria from China were observed,including F. albidoflora Duan & Zheng,F. cirrhosa Don,F. pallidiflora Schrenk ex Fischer & Meyer,F. sichuanica Chen,F. tortifolia Duan & Zheng,F. walujewii Regel,and F.yuminensis Duan. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the seven species were determined,with three reported here for the first time. The present results showed high chromosome asymmetry in the Chinese Fritillaria. In addition,the differences in karyotypes indicated that it might not be justified to reduce F. albidoflora to a synonym of F. verticillata Willdenow. Thus,further study is needed to verify the relationship between the two taxa.
引文
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[5]Martin E,Yldz HK,Kahraman A,Binzat OK,Erogˇlu HE.Detailed chromosome measurements and karyotype asymmetry of some Vicia(Fabaceae)taxa from Turkey[J].Caryologia,2018,71(3):224-232.
[6]Wang Y,Du HM,Zhang J,Chen T,Chen Q,et al.Ploidy level of Chinese cherry(Cerasus pseudocerasus Lindl.)and comparative study on karyotypes with four Cerasus species[J].Sci Hort,2018,232(2):46-51.
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[8]Zaharof E.Karyological studies of twelve Fritillaria species from Greece[J].Caryologia,1989,42(2):91-102.
[9]Khaniki GB.Karyomorphological studies on Fritillaria persica[J].Phytomorphology,1997,47(1):27-44.
[10]Teksen M,Aytac Z.New Fritillaria L.taxa from Turkey[J].Israel J Plant Sci,2004,52(4):347-355.
[11]Teksen M,Aytac Z.Fritillaria mughlae(Liliaceae),a new species from Turkey[J].Ann Bot Fenn,2008,45:141-147.
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[14]杨涤清,朱燮俘.湖北贝母的染色体核型分析[J].武汉植物学研究,1985,3(2):127-130.Yang DQ,Zhu XF.Karyotype analysis of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,1985,3(2):127-130.
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[16]徐晋麟,李煜照,张林维,王立安,杨光锐.三种贝母核型的比较研究[J].植物分类学报,1987,25(1):77-80.Xu JL,Li YZ,Zhang LW,Wang LA,Yang GR.A comparative karyotypic study of three species in Fritillaria[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1987,25(1):77-80.
[17]陆静梅,赵毓棠.中国三种贝母染色体数目及核型研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),1990(4):89-92.Lu JM,Zhao YT.The chromosomal numbers and karyotypic study of three species of Fritillaria L.in China[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science),1990(4):89-92.
[18]李萍,刘惠娟,徐国钧,徐珞珊,余国奠.中药贝母类的研究ⅩⅧ.湖北产贝母属植物的核型研究[J].中国药科大学学报,1991,22(4):193-196.Li P,Liu HJ,Xu GJ,Xu LC,Yu GD.Studies on the Chinese drugs BeimuⅩⅧ.A comparative karyotypoic study of 5 species in Fritillaria from Hubei[J].Journal of China Pharmaceutical University,1991,22(4):193-196.
[19]王志安.贝母属三个分类群的核型研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(1):69-72.Wang ZA.A karyological study on three taxa of Fritillaria[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(1):69-72.
[20]谢晓阳,顾志健,武全安.豹子花属及其近缘属细胞学研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(6):487-497.Xie XY,Gu ZJ,Wu QA.Gytological studies of the genus Nomocharis and its related genera[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(6):487-497.
[21]张定成,邵建章,汪小全.安徽南部贝母属植物核型研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(1):62-69.Zhang DC,Shao JZ,Wang XQ.Karyotypes of the genus Fritillaria from south Anhui[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(1):62-69.
[22]张定成,邵建章,李应胜,姚才洪.安徽贝母三个不同居群的核型研究[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),1993,16(3):40-44.Zhang DC,Shao JZ,Li YS,Yao CH.Studies on the karyotype of three different population of Fritillaria anhuiensi[J].Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science),1993,16(3):40-44.
[23]王淑芬,宋天瑛.贝母属4种核型的报道[J].四川师范大学学报(自然科学版),1994,17(6):93-99.Wang SF,Song TY.Report on the karyotypes of 4 species of the Fritillaria[J].Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Natural Science),1994,17(6):93-99.
[24]王影,周守标,陈学锋,胡金蓉,罗琦.安徽贝母属植物的核型研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2006,24(4):303-309.Wang Y,Zhou SB,Cheng XF,Hu JR,Luo Q.A karyotypical study on Fritillaria L.from Anhui Province[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2006,24(4):303-309.
[25]Altinordu F,Peruzzi L,Yu Y,He XJ.A tool for the analysis of chromosomes:Karyo Type[J].Taxon,2016,65(3):586-592.
[26]Levan A,Fredga K,Sandberg AA.Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes[J].Hereditas,1964,52:201-220.
[27]Stebbins GL.Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants[M].London:Edward Arnold Ltd.,1971.
[28]段咸珍,郑秀菊.国产多轮贝母订正[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(1):14-16.Duan XZ,Zheng XJ.Critical notes on Fritillaria verticillata of China[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1991,13(1):14-16.
[2]Hong Y,Gao Q,Luo Y,Luo J,Zhang Y,et al.Karyology of Aconitum subgenus Lycoctonum(Ranunculaceae)from China,with a report of the new base chromosome number x=6 in the genus Aconitum[J].Nordic J Bot,2016,34(4):441-454.
[3]Marinho MAO,Sales-Melo MRC,Oliveira MBMD,Maciel VEDO,Carvalho RD.Karyotype variation in 11 species of the Vernonieae Cass.tribe(Asteraceae Bercht.&J.Presl)[J].Gior Bot Ital,2016,151(2):1-13.
[4]Moraes AP,Koehler S,Cabral JS,Gomes SS,Viccini LF,et al.Karyotype diversity and genome size variation in neotropical maxillariinae orchids[J].Plant Biol,2017,19(2):298.
[5]Martin E,Yldz HK,Kahraman A,Binzat OK,Erogˇlu HE.Detailed chromosome measurements and karyotype asymmetry of some Vicia(Fabaceae)taxa from Turkey[J].Caryologia,2018,71(3):224-232.
[6]Wang Y,Du HM,Zhang J,Chen T,Chen Q,et al.Ploidy level of Chinese cherry(Cerasus pseudocerasus Lindl.)and comparative study on karyotypes with four Cerasus species[J].Sci Hort,2018,232(2):46-51.
[7]Chatterjee A.Cytological investigation on a few Himalayan species of Fritillaria[J].J Cyto Gen,1971,6:117-122.
[8]Zaharof E.Karyological studies of twelve Fritillaria species from Greece[J].Caryologia,1989,42(2):91-102.
[9]Khaniki GB.Karyomorphological studies on Fritillaria persica[J].Phytomorphology,1997,47(1):27-44.
[10]Teksen M,Aytac Z.New Fritillaria L.taxa from Turkey[J].Israel J Plant Sci,2004,52(4):347-355.
[11]Teksen M,Aytac Z.Fritillaria mughlae(Liliaceae),a new species from Turkey[J].Ann Bot Fenn,2008,45:141-147.
[12]Kamari G,Phitos D.Karyosystematic study of Fritillaria messanensis s.l.(Liliaceae)[J].Willdenowia,2006,36:217-233.
[13]翟诗虹,刘国钧,李懋学.新疆贝母属的核型研究[J].植物分类学报,1985,23(4):264-269.Zhai SH,Liu GJ,Li MX.A karyological study of Fritillaria from Xinjiang[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1985,23(4):264-269.
[14]杨涤清,朱燮俘.湖北贝母的染色体核型分析[J].武汉植物学研究,1985,3(2):127-130.Yang DQ,Zhu XF.Karyotype analysis of Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,1985,3(2):127-130.
[15]杨涤清,朱燮俘.黄山贝母和天目母的核型研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1989,7(3):211-216.Yang DQ,Zhu XF.Studies on karyotype of Fritillaria Huangshanensis and F.Monantha[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,1989,7(3):211-216.
[16]徐晋麟,李煜照,张林维,王立安,杨光锐.三种贝母核型的比较研究[J].植物分类学报,1987,25(1):77-80.Xu JL,Li YZ,Zhang LW,Wang LA,Yang GR.A comparative karyotypic study of three species in Fritillaria[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1987,25(1):77-80.
[17]陆静梅,赵毓棠.中国三种贝母染色体数目及核型研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),1990(4):89-92.Lu JM,Zhao YT.The chromosomal numbers and karyotypic study of three species of Fritillaria L.in China[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science),1990(4):89-92.
[18]李萍,刘惠娟,徐国钧,徐珞珊,余国奠.中药贝母类的研究ⅩⅧ.湖北产贝母属植物的核型研究[J].中国药科大学学报,1991,22(4):193-196.Li P,Liu HJ,Xu GJ,Xu LC,Yu GD.Studies on the Chinese drugs BeimuⅩⅧ.A comparative karyotypoic study of 5 species in Fritillaria from Hubei[J].Journal of China Pharmaceutical University,1991,22(4):193-196.
[19]王志安.贝母属三个分类群的核型研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(1):69-72.Wang ZA.A karyological study on three taxa of Fritillaria[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(1):69-72.
[20]谢晓阳,顾志健,武全安.豹子花属及其近缘属细胞学研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(6):487-497.Xie XY,Gu ZJ,Wu QA.Gytological studies of the genus Nomocharis and its related genera[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(6):487-497.
[21]张定成,邵建章,汪小全.安徽南部贝母属植物核型研究[J].植物分类学报,1992,30(1):62-69.Zhang DC,Shao JZ,Wang XQ.Karyotypes of the genus Fritillaria from south Anhui[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1992,30(1):62-69.
[22]张定成,邵建章,李应胜,姚才洪.安徽贝母三个不同居群的核型研究[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),1993,16(3):40-44.Zhang DC,Shao JZ,Li YS,Yao CH.Studies on the karyotype of three different population of Fritillaria anhuiensi[J].Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science),1993,16(3):40-44.
[23]王淑芬,宋天瑛.贝母属4种核型的报道[J].四川师范大学学报(自然科学版),1994,17(6):93-99.Wang SF,Song TY.Report on the karyotypes of 4 species of the Fritillaria[J].Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Natural Science),1994,17(6):93-99.
[24]王影,周守标,陈学锋,胡金蓉,罗琦.安徽贝母属植物的核型研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2006,24(4):303-309.Wang Y,Zhou SB,Cheng XF,Hu JR,Luo Q.A karyotypical study on Fritillaria L.from Anhui Province[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2006,24(4):303-309.
[25]Altinordu F,Peruzzi L,Yu Y,He XJ.A tool for the analysis of chromosomes:Karyo Type[J].Taxon,2016,65(3):586-592.
[26]Levan A,Fredga K,Sandberg AA.Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes[J].Hereditas,1964,52:201-220.
[27]Stebbins GL.Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants[M].London:Edward Arnold Ltd.,1971.
[28]段咸珍,郑秀菊.国产多轮贝母订正[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(1):14-16.Duan XZ,Zheng XJ.Critical notes on Fritillaria verticillata of China[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,1991,13(1):14-16.