CO_2去除垃圾焚烧飞灰水洗液中Cu、Cr的工艺条件
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摘要
以垃圾焚烧飞灰水洗液中的Cu和Cr为研究对象,采用通入CO_2沉淀处理的方法,通过改变CO_2的浓度、流速、通入时间、反应温度以及重金属离子初始浓度,对水洗液中的Cu和Cr的沉淀效果进行实验研究.结果表明,CO_2能够很好地沉淀水洗液中的Ca~(~(2+)),以及降低p H值; CO_2的浓度越高,Cu和Cr的沉淀效果越好; CO_2沉淀处理Cu和Cr的最佳工艺条件为:CO_2浓度10%、通入时间80 s、流速2 m L·min-1和反应温度40℃,在此工艺条件下,水洗液中Cu和Cr的沉淀率分别达到95%和50%左右.
Taking Cu and Cr in the water washing solution of municipal solid waste incinerator( MSWI) fly ash as the research object,adopting the sedimentation method by blowing CO_2,the effects of CO_2 concentration,flow rate,blowing time,reaction temperature and heavy metal initial concentrations on the sedimentation of Cu and Cr in the water washing solution were studied. The results showed that CO_2 could effectively precipitate Ca~(2+)and decrease the pH value of the water washing solution. Higher CO_2 concentrations were beneficial to the sedimentation of Cu and Cr; The optimal process conditions of CO_2 precipitation treatment were a CO_2 concentration of 10%,a blowing time of 80 s,a flow rate of 2 m L·min-1 and a reaction temperature of 40 ℃. Under these conditions,the sedimentation rates of Cu and Cr reached about 95% and 50%,respectively.
Taking Cu and Cr in the water washing solution of municipal solid waste incinerator( MSWI) fly ash as the research object,adopting the sedimentation method by blowing CO_2,the effects of CO_2 concentration,flow rate,blowing time,reaction temperature and heavy metal initial concentrations on the sedimentation of Cu and Cr in the water washing solution were studied. The results showed that CO_2 could effectively precipitate Ca~(2+)and decrease the pH value of the water washing solution. Higher CO_2 concentrations were beneficial to the sedimentation of Cu and Cr; The optimal process conditions of CO_2 precipitation treatment were a CO_2 concentration of 10%,a blowing time of 80 s,a flow rate of 2 m L·min-1 and a reaction temperature of 40 ℃. Under these conditions,the sedimentation rates of Cu and Cr reached about 95% and 50%,respectively.
引文
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[22] ZACHARA J M,COWAN C E,RESCH C T. Sorption of divalent metals on calcite[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1991,55(6):1549-1562.
[23]蔡慧林,汪正军.碳酸钙改性硅藻土的制备及其吸附性能研究[J].广州化工,2011,39(17):43-46.CAI H L,WANG Z J. The preparation of calcium carbonate modified diatomite and absorption properties[J]. Guangzhou ChemicalIndustry,2011,39(17):43-46(in Chinese).
[2]熊祖鸿,鲁敏,胡大为,等.广东省典型生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的物化及固化特性[J].环境化学,2014,33(7):1173-1179.XIONG Z H,LU M,HU D W,et al. Physicochemical and solidification characteristics of municipal solid wastes incineration(MSWI)flyash from Guangdong Province[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2014,33(7):1173-1179(in Chinese).
[3]胡艳军,孙铁.不同粒径垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属富集特性表征[J].环境化学,2012,31(11):1717-1723.HU Y J,SUN T. Heavy metal enrichment in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash with various size ranges[J]. EnvironmentalChemistry,2012,31(11):1717-1723(in Chinese).
[4]何品晶,吴长淋,章骅,等.生活垃圾焚烧飞灰及其稳定化产物的长期浸出行为[J].环境化学,2008,27(6):786-790.HE P J,WU C L,ZHANG Y,et al. The long-term leaching behavior of air pollution control residues and its treatment products[J].Environmental Chemistry,2008,27(6):786-790(in Chinese).
[5]杨志军,倪余文,张智平,等..不同垃圾焚烧炉产生的PCDD/Fs和PCBs同类物的分布[J].环境化学,2005,24(1):63-67.YANG Z J,NI Y W,ZHANG Z P,et al. Patterns of PCDD/Fs and PCBs congeners formed from different types of municipal wasteincinerators.[J]. Environmental Chemistry. 2005,24(1):63-67(in Chinese).
[6]国家危险废物名录[S].中华人民共和国国务院公报,2008,34:18-41.National Hazardous Wastes Catalogue[S].Bulletin of the State Council of the People's Republic of China,2008,34:18-41(in Chinese).
[7]张玲,席北斗,李秀金,等.水洗过程对垃圾焚烧飞灰浸出特性的影响[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(4):130-133.ZHANG L,XI B D,LI X J,et al. Effects of water-extraction process on leaching characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2007,20(4):130-133(in Chinese).
[8] QIAN G R,SHI J,CAO Y L,et al. Properties of MSW fly ash-calcium sulfoaluminate cement matrix and stabilization/solidification onheavy metals[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,152(1):196-203.
[9]李生钰. NSP窑预热器结皮堵塞的操作优化和配料调整[J].水泥工程,2012,(4):33-37.LI S Y. Operation provement and proportion adjusting for coating and blocking in NSP precalciner[J]. Cement Engineering,2012,(4):33-37(in Chinese).
[10]邓德新.水泥预分解系统的结皮、积料和堵塞的原因及处理措施浅析[J].广西轻工业,2011,27(3):32-33,42.DENG D X. Analysis for causes and treatment measures of crust,buildup and blockage of cement precalciner system[J]. Guangxi Journal ofLight Industry. 2011,27(3):32-33,42(in Chinese).
[11]罗智宇,张云月,张清,等.垃圾焚烧飞灰水洗去氯的实验研究[J].环境卫生工程,2008,16(3):16-22.LUO Z Y,ZHANG Y Y,ZHANG Q,et al. Experimentation study on removal chlorine from incineration fly ash by washing process[J].Environmental Sanitation Engineering,2008,16(3):16-22(in Chinese).
[12]李小东,刘阳生.飞灰水洗脱氯及其烧结稳定化的试验研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(6):752-758.LI X D,LIU Y S. A study on chloride extraction and sintering stabilization of MSWI fly as[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium UniversitatisPekinensis. 2007,43(6):752-758(in Chinese).
[13] MULDER E. Pre-treatment of MSWI fly ash for useful application[J].Waste Management,1996,16(1-3):181-184.
[14] DERIE R. A new way to stabilize fly ash from municipal incinerators[J].Waste Management,1996,16(8):711-716.
[15] WANG K S,CHIANG K Y,LIN K L,et al. Effects of a water-extraction process on heavy metal behavior in municipal solid wasteincinerator fly ash[J].Hydrometallurgy,2001,62:73-81.
[16] CHIMENOS J M,FEMANDEZ A I,CERVANTES A,et al. Optimizing the APC residue washing process to minimize the release of chlorideand heavy metals[J]. Waste Management,2005,25:686-693.
[17]郑丽婷,刘阳生.水洗及酸洗过程对焚烧飞灰中Cu,Zn和Pb洗脱率影响的试验研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2009,45(3):502-510.ZHENG L T,LIU Y S. Comparison of Cu,Zn,Pb extraction from MSWI fly ash by different processes:Water washing,acid washing andwater-washing combining acid-washing[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2009,45(3):502-510(in Chinese).
[18] PENILLA R P,BUSTOS A G,ELIZALDE S G. Immobilization of Cs,Cd,Pb and Cr by synthetic zeolites from Spanish low-calcium coalfly ash[J]. Fuel,2006,85(5):823-832.
[19]蒋建国,赵振振,王军,等.焚烧飞灰水泥固化技术研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(2):230-235.JIANG J G,ZHAO Z Z,WANG J,et al. Study on cement solidification technology in treating with fly ash[J]. Acta ScientiaeCircumstantiae,2006,26(2):230-235(in Chinese).
[20]郭燕妮,方增坤,胡杰华,等.化学沉淀法处理含重金属废水的研究进展[J].工业水处理,2011,31(12):9-13.GUO Y N,FANG Z K,HU J H,et al. Research development of treating wastewater containing heavy metals by chemical precipitationprocess[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2011,31(12):9-13(in Chinese).
[21]凌永生,金宜英,王雷,等.苏州市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰水泥窑煅烧资源化示范工程[J].环境工程,2008,26(S1):220-223.LIN Y S,JIN Y Y,WANG L,et al. A demonstration project of treating fly ash from domestic refuse incineration in Suzhou by cesrcent kilncalcine[J]. Environmental Engineering,2008,26(S1):220-223(in Chinese).
[22] ZACHARA J M,COWAN C E,RESCH C T. Sorption of divalent metals on calcite[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1991,55(6):1549-1562.
[23]蔡慧林,汪正军.碳酸钙改性硅藻土的制备及其吸附性能研究[J].广州化工,2011,39(17):43-46.CAI H L,WANG Z J. The preparation of calcium carbonate modified diatomite and absorption properties[J]. Guangzhou ChemicalIndustry,2011,39(17):43-46(in Chinese).
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