基于模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫的环境污染物生殖毒性研究进展
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摘要
由于人类社会的发展,环境污染也越来越严重,研究环境污染物对生态及人类健康的影响极为重要。生殖系统是人和动物繁衍后代的重要系统,常见环境污染物对生殖系统的影响正引起研究人员的广泛关注。秀丽隐杆线虫具有身体透明、品系丰富和遗传背景清楚等优点,为生殖毒理学研究提供了一个便利的平台。以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型已对多种环境污染物的生殖毒性进行了评价。本文重点叙述了重金属、纳米材料、有机物等化学污染,辐射、磁场等物理污染,以及病毒等生物污染对秀丽线虫生殖系统的影响,并归纳讨论了环境污染物造成生殖功能障碍的几种主要机制,如氧化应激、DNA损伤、内质网应激以及神经损伤等,但不同类型污染物的毒性效应与其自身的物化性质紧密相关。环境污染物诱导的生殖毒性中不同响应机制之间的关联性、不同发育阶段的敏感性差异、污染物的传代效应以及有效的缓解方式的筛选等都有待进一步的开展。
Along with the development of human society,environmental pollution is also getting severe,urging the study on the impact of environmental pollutants on human health and ecology. Reproductive systems are key to perpetuity of humans and other organisms,and so the effect of common environmental pollutants on reproduction has drawn widespread attention. Studies using the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans offer several advantages,such as the diversity of strains,presence of a transparent body,and a clear genetic background. They serve as an ideal platform for reproductive toxicology research and have been used to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of various environmental pollutants. This review focuses on the effects of chemicals such as heavy metals,nanomaterials and organic compounds,and the physical and biological pollution sources such as radiation and viruses on the reproductive system of C. elegans. We summarize several major mechanisms of reproductive dysfunction caused by environmental pollutants,such as the oxidative stress,DNA damage,endoplasmic reticulum stress and nerve injury,but the toxic effects of different pollutants are linked to their physicochemical properties. The relationship between the different response mechanisms in the reproductive toxicity induced by environmental pollutants,the differences in sensitivity during different developmental stages,the trans-generational effect of pollutants,and the screening of effective mitigation methods need to be further clarified.
Along with the development of human society,environmental pollution is also getting severe,urging the study on the impact of environmental pollutants on human health and ecology. Reproductive systems are key to perpetuity of humans and other organisms,and so the effect of common environmental pollutants on reproduction has drawn widespread attention. Studies using the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans offer several advantages,such as the diversity of strains,presence of a transparent body,and a clear genetic background. They serve as an ideal platform for reproductive toxicology research and have been used to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of various environmental pollutants. This review focuses on the effects of chemicals such as heavy metals,nanomaterials and organic compounds,and the physical and biological pollution sources such as radiation and viruses on the reproductive system of C. elegans. We summarize several major mechanisms of reproductive dysfunction caused by environmental pollutants,such as the oxidative stress,DNA damage,endoplasmic reticulum stress and nerve injury,but the toxic effects of different pollutants are linked to their physicochemical properties. The relationship between the different response mechanisms in the reproductive toxicity induced by environmental pollutants,the differences in sensitivity during different developmental stages,the trans-generational effect of pollutants,and the screening of effective mitigation methods need to be further clarified.
引文
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[31] Zhao Y,Lin Z Q,Jia R H,et al. Transgenerational effects of traffic-related fine particulate matter(PM2.5)on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,274(12):106-114
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[2]王佩华，赵大伟，聂春红，等．持久性有机污染物的污染现状与控制对策[J]．应用化工，2010,39(11):1761-1765Wang P H,Zhao D W,Nie C H,et al. Current state of pollutions and control countermeasure about persistent organic pollutants[J]. Applied Chemical Industry,2010,39(11):1761-1765(in Chinese)
[3] Bhatnagar P,Soni I. Toxic effects of phosphamidon on the testes of Swiss Albino mice[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,1990,45(4):590-597
[4] Kasahara E,Sato E F,Miyoshi M,et al. Role of oxidative stress in germ cell apoptosis induced by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate[J]. Biochemical Journal,2002,365(3):849-856
[5]杨世娴．苯系物对女性生殖机能及子代发育影响的流行病学调查[J]．工业卫生与职业病，1997,23(4):228-229
[6]朱玉芬，冯文君，李书香，等．苯对雄性小鼠生殖细胞损伤的研究[J]．广东药学院学报，1988(2):228-230Zhu Y F,Feng W J,Li S X,et al. Studies of benzene on germ cell damage of male mice[J]. Journal of Guangdong College of Pharmacy,1988(2):228-230(in Chinese)
[7]万伯健，浮北利，姜厚波，等．接触铅女工孕期血铅动态及对新生儿体格发育的影响[J]．中国预防医学杂志，1995,29(5):151-154Wan B J,Fu B L,Jiang H B,et al. Dynamics of blood lead level in exposed workers and its effects on fetal constitutional development[J]. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine,1995,29(5):151-154(in Chinese)
[8] Lasier P J,Winger P V,Bogenrieder K J. Toxicity of manganese to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Hyalella azteca[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2000,38(3):298-304
[9] Culetto E,Sattelle D B. A role for Caenorhabditis elegans in understanding the function and interactions of human disease genes[J]. Human Molecular Genetics,2000,9(6):869-877
[10] Chalfie M,Tu Y,Ghia E,et al. Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression[J]. Science,1994,263:802-805
[11] Hubbard E J,Greenstein D. Introduction to the germ line[J]. Worm Book,2005,1:1-4
[12] Corsi A K,Wightman B,Chalfie M. A transparent window into biology:A primer on Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Genetics,2015,201(1):339
[13]张燕芬，王大勇．利用模式动物秀丽线虫建立环境毒物毒性的评估研究体系[J]．生态毒理学报，2008,3(4):313-322Zhang Y F,Wang D Y. Establishment of toxicity evaluation system using model organism of Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2008,3(4):313-322(in Chinese)
[14] Eberhard R,Stergiou L,Hofmann E R,et al. Ribosome synthesis and MAPK activity modulate ionizing radiation-induced germ cell apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. PLoS Genetics,2013,9(11):e1003943
[15]章海波，骆永明，李远，等．中国土壤环境质量标准中重金属指标的筛选研究[J]．土壤学报，2014,51(3):429-438Zhang H B,Luo Y M,Li Y,et al. Screening of criteria for heavy metals for revision of the National Standard for Soil Environmental Quality of China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2014,51(3):429-438(in Chinese)
[16] Zainab Abbas．中国大同盆地与巴基斯坦拉合尔地区高砷地下水的形成机理和影响因素对比研究[D]．武汉:中国地质大学，2016:1-18Abbas Z. Occurrence and geochemistry of high arsenic groundwater in Datong Basin,China and Lahore,Pakistan[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2016:1-18(in Chinese)
[17]曹启民，王华，张黎明，等．中国持久性有机污染物污染现状及治理技术进展[J]．中国农学通报，2006,22(3):361-365Cao Q M,Wang H,Zhang L M,et al. Contamination of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and its progress in treatment technology in China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(3):361-365(in Chinese)
[18] Guo Y,Yang Y,Wang D. Induction of reproductive deficits in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to metals at different developmental stages[J]. Reproductive Toxicology,2009,28(1):90-95
[19]孙娜，田华，王蔚，等．重金属对秀丽隐杆线虫繁殖的影响[J]．环境科学研究，2016,29(5):716-723Sun N,Tian H,Wang W,et al. Effects of heavy metals on reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(5):716-723(in Chinese)
[20] Wu Q,He K,Liu P,et al. Association of oxidative stress with the formation of reproductive toxicity from mercury exposure on hermaphrodite nematode Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Environmental Toxicology&Pharmacology,2011,32(2):175-184
[21] Wang D,Wang Y. Nickel sulfate induces numerous defects in Caenorhabditis elegans that can also be transferred to progeny[J]. Environmental Pollution,2008,151(3):585-592
[22] Pluskota A,Horzowski E,Bossinger O,et al. In Caenorhabditis elegans nanoparticle-bio-interactions become transparent:Silica-nanoparticles induce reproductive senescence[J]. PLoS One,2009,4(8):e6622
[23] Yang Y F,Chen P J,Liao V H. Nanoscale zerovalent iron(n ZVI)at environmentally relevant concentrations induced multigenerational reproductive toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Chemosphere,2016,150:615-623
[24] Zhao Y,Wu Q,Wang D. An epigenetic signal encoded protection mechanism is activated by graphene oxide to inhibit its induced reproductive toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Biomaterials,2016,79:15-24
[25] Kong L,Gao X J,Zhu J Q,et al. Reproductive toxicity induced by nickel nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Environmental Toxicology,2017,32(5):1530-1538
[26]孔璐，唐萌，王大勇，等．不同尺度纳米镍对秀丽线虫的发育毒性[J]．生态毒理学报，2013,8(4):623-628Kong L,Tang M,Wang D Y,et al. Developmental toxicity of nickel nanoparticles to Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2013,8(4):623-628(in Chinese)
[27] Leelaja B C,Rajini P S. Biochemical and physiological responses in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to sublethal concentrations of the organophosphorus insecticide,monocrotophos[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2013,94(1):8-13
[28] Du H,Wang M M,Wang L,et al. Reproductive toxicity of endosulfan:Implication from germ cell apoptosis modulated by mitochondrial dysfunction and genotoxic response genes in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Toxicological Sciences,2015,145(1):118-127
[29] You X,Xi J,Cao Y,et al. 4-Bromodiphenyl ether(BDE-3)induces germ cell apoptosis by induction of ROS and DNA damage in Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Toxicological Sciences,2017,157(2):510-518
[30] Kumar S,Aninat C,Michauxb G,et al. Anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil induces reproductive and developmental defects in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Reproductive Toxicology,2010,29(4):415-420
[31] Zhao Y,Lin Z Q,Jia R H,et al. Transgenerational effects of traffic-related fine particulate matter(PM2.5)on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,274(12):106-114
[32]王云彪，侯晓丽，武海涛，等．PM2.5对秀丽隐杆线虫的毒性效应[J]．城市环境与城市生态，2012,25(6):10-13Wang Y B,Hou X L,Wu H T,et al. Toxicological exposure effect test of PM2.5using C. elegans as a model organism[J]. Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2012,25(6):10-13(in Chinese)
[33] Guo X,Bian P,Liang J T,et al. Synergistic effects induced by a low dose of diesel particulate extract and ultraviolet-A in Caenorhabditis elegans:DNA damage-triggered germ cell apoptosis[J]. Chemical Research in Toxicology,2014,27(6):990-1001
[34] Weidhaas J B,Eisenmann D M,Holub J M,et al. A Caenorhabditis elegans tissue model of radiation-induced reproductive cell death[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2006,103(26):9946-9951
[35] Luo J,Shah S,Riabowol K,et al. The Caenorhabditis elegans ing-3 gene regulates ionizing radiation-induced germ-cell apoptosis in a p53-associated pathway[J].Genetics,2009,181(2):473-482
[36] Gartner A,Milstein S,Ahmed S,et al. A conserved checkpoint pathway mediates DNA damage-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in C. elegans[J]. Molecular Cell,2000,5(3):435-443
[37]高艳．利用模式生物研究毫米波及微波辐射生物效应及医学防护[D]．北京:中国人民解放军军事医学科学院，2012:41-51
[38] Wang L,Du H,Guo X Y,et al. Developmental abnormality induced by strong static magnetic field in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Bioelectromagnetics,2015,36(3):178-189
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