不同载畜率下短花针茅分蘖数量对内源激素浓度的响应
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摘要
放牧是荒漠草原最主要的利用方式之一,载畜率的变化严重影响着植物的生长发育;而内源植物激素是调节植物生长发育的开关,且植物在不同的生长发育阶段具有不同的生理要求和环境适应能力。通过测定放牧条件下短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)分蘖叶内源激素的变化,研究短花针茅分蘖生长对放牧的响应,并分析了分蘖数量受内源激素影响的机制。结果表明,(1)内源激素与载畜率之间存在显著二次相关关系,说明放牧能够显著增加内源激素的浓度(P<0.05),但这种相关只存在于中、小株丛的短花针茅中。(2)其次,放牧能够在一定程度上影响短花针茅植株个体分蘖的数量(P<0.05),重度放牧是增加短花针茅植株个体分蘖数量最显著的载畜率。(3)过高浓度的生长素(IAA)会抑制短花针茅的分蘖数量(P<0.01)。而细胞分裂素(CTK)与短花针茅的分蘖数量之间尚未发现相关关系。
Grazing is one of the most important uses of desert grassland. Changes in livestock rates seriously affect the growth and development of plants. Endogenous plant hormones are the switches that regulate plant growth and development, and plants exhibit different physiologies at different stages of growth and development. In this study, the changes in endogenous hormones in the leaves of Stipa breviflora under different grazing conditions were studied to determine the response of Stipa breviflora to grazing, and the mechanism by which the number of tillers was affected by endogenous hormones were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) there was a significant quadratic correlation between endogenous hormones and stocking rates, suggesting that grazing significantly increased the concentration of endogenous hormones(P<0.05), but this correlation existed only for medium and small strains of Stipa breviflora.(2) Grazing could affect the number of individual tillers of Stipa breviflora to a certain extent(P<0.05), and heavy grazing had the most significant impact on the rate of individual tillers in Stipa breviflora.(3) The over-concentration of auxins(IAA) inhibited the number of tillers in Stipa breviflora(P<0.01). However, no correlation was found between cytokinin(CTK) and the number of tillers of Stipa breviflora.
Grazing is one of the most important uses of desert grassland. Changes in livestock rates seriously affect the growth and development of plants. Endogenous plant hormones are the switches that regulate plant growth and development, and plants exhibit different physiologies at different stages of growth and development. In this study, the changes in endogenous hormones in the leaves of Stipa breviflora under different grazing conditions were studied to determine the response of Stipa breviflora to grazing, and the mechanism by which the number of tillers was affected by endogenous hormones were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) there was a significant quadratic correlation between endogenous hormones and stocking rates, suggesting that grazing significantly increased the concentration of endogenous hormones(P<0.05), but this correlation existed only for medium and small strains of Stipa breviflora.(2) Grazing could affect the number of individual tillers of Stipa breviflora to a certain extent(P<0.05), and heavy grazing had the most significant impact on the rate of individual tillers in Stipa breviflora.(3) The over-concentration of auxins(IAA) inhibited the number of tillers in Stipa breviflora(P<0.01). However, no correlation was found between cytokinin(CTK) and the number of tillers of Stipa breviflora.
引文
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[18] 贾风勤.植物对环境胁迫的适应策略.生物学教学,2009,34(11):8- 9.
[19] 赵萌莉,韩冰,张红梅,李青丰,许志信.过牧对种群生态和遗传特性的影响(英文)//.现代草业科学进展—中国国际草业发展大会暨中国草原学会第六届代表大会论文集.北京:中国草原学会(Chinese Grassland Society),2002:5.
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[21] 杨树晶,郑群英,干友民,泽柏.不同放牧强度下草地植物生理变化的研究.草业与畜牧,2016,(3):1- 4,7- 7.
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[23] 高莹.松嫩平原羊草种群模拟放牧耐受性研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2008.
[24] 王静,杨持,王铁娟.放牧退化群落中冷蒿种群生物量资源分配的变化.应用生态学报,2005,16(12):2316- 2320.
[25] 石红霄.过度放牧下高原早熟禾矮小化及其形成机理[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[26] 刘杨,顾丹丹,许俊旭,丁艳锋,王强盛,李刚华,刘正辉,王绍华.细胞分裂素对水稻分蘖芽生长及分蘖相关基因表达的调控.中国农业科学,2012,45(1):44- 51.
[2] 王丽萍,李志刚,谭乐和,宋应辉,练飞松,杨逢春,闫林,吴刚.植物内源激素研究进展.安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):1912- 1914.
[3] 杜利霞,李青丰.放牧对荒漠草原短花针茅繁殖特性的影响.山西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(1):4- 6.
[4] 古琛,赵天启,王亚婷,王玺,贾丽欣,赵萌莉.短花针茅生长和繁殖策略对载畜率的响应.生态环境学报,2017,26(1):36- 42.
[5] 薛红卫.植物激素作用机理研究//中国植物生理学会第十次会员代表大会暨全国学术年会论文摘要汇编.开封:中国植物生理学会,2009.
[6] 潘瑞炽.植物激素的作用机理.植物杂志,1982,(5):1- 4.
[7] Thimann K V,Skoog F.Studies on the growth hormone of plants:III.The inhibiting action of the growth substance on bud development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1933,19(7):714- 716.
[8] Liu Y,Ding Y F,Wang Q S,Meng D X,Wang S H.Effects of nitrogen and 6-benzylaminopurine on rice tiller bud growth and changes in endogenous hormones and nitrogen.Crop Science,2011,51(2):786- 792.
[9] Sachs T,Thimann K V.The role of auxins and cytokinins in the release of buds from dominance.American Journal of Botany,1967,54(1):136- 144.
[10] Yang J C,Zhang J H,Wang Z Q,Zhu Q S,Wang W.Hormonal changes in the grains of rice subjected to water stress during grain filling.Plant Physiology,2001,127(1):315- 323.
[11] 吴颂如,陈婉芬,周燮.酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定内源植物激素.植物生理学通讯,1988,(5):53- 57.
[12] 张称意,李德新.短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)枝条数消长及其与种群产量关系的研究.草地学报,1991,1(1):163- 171.
[13] 刘文亭,卫智军,吕世杰,王天乐,张爽.放牧对短花针茅荒漠草原植物多样性的影响.生态学报,2017,37(10):3394- 3402.
[14] 林丽,曹广民,赵成章,龙瑞军,李以康,张法伟,梁东营,王溪.祁连山东段退化草地优势种抗牧性响应.干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(5):218- 222.
[15] 孙世贤,卫智军,吴新宏,姜超,郭利彪.不同放牧强度季节调控下荒漠草原主要植物种群点格局及空间关联性.生态学报,2016,36(23):7570- 7579.
[16] 靳瑰丽.伊犁绢蒿荒漠退化草地植物生态适应对策的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2009.
[17] 黄琛,张宇,王静,李元恒,五十六,塔娜,赵萌莉,韩国栋,朗巴达拉呼,赵艳芳.不同放牧强度下短花针茅荒漠草原植被的空间异质性.植物生态学报,2014,38(11):1184- 1193.
[18] 贾风勤.植物对环境胁迫的适应策略.生物学教学,2009,34(11):8- 9.
[19] 赵萌莉,韩冰,张红梅,李青丰,许志信.过牧对种群生态和遗传特性的影响(英文)//.现代草业科学进展—中国国际草业发展大会暨中国草原学会第六届代表大会论文集.北京:中国草原学会(Chinese Grassland Society),2002:5.
[20] 刘忠宽,汪诗平,陈佐忠,王艳芬,韩建国.不同放牧强度草原休牧后土壤养分和植物群落变化特征.生态学报,2006,26(6):2048- 2056.
[21] 杨树晶,郑群英,干友民,泽柏.不同放牧强度下草地植物生理变化的研究.草业与畜牧,2016,(3):1- 4,7- 7.
[22] Belsky A J.Does herbivory benefit plants?A review of the evidence.The American Naturalist,1986,127(6):870- 892.
[23] 高莹.松嫩平原羊草种群模拟放牧耐受性研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2008.
[24] 王静,杨持,王铁娟.放牧退化群落中冷蒿种群生物量资源分配的变化.应用生态学报,2005,16(12):2316- 2320.
[25] 石红霄.过度放牧下高原早熟禾矮小化及其形成机理[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[26] 刘杨,顾丹丹,许俊旭,丁艳锋,王强盛,李刚华,刘正辉,王绍华.细胞分裂素对水稻分蘖芽生长及分蘖相关基因表达的调控.中国农业科学,2012,45(1):44- 51.