中国图们江流域湿地生态系统健康评价研究
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摘要
利用中国图们江流域已有的资料和实地监测数据,建立了以生态特征、服务功能和社会政治环境为项目层包括22个指标的湿地健康评价体系;采用层次分析法和特菲尔法,确定指标权重,根据韦伯—费希纳定律,分别评价中国图们江上游、中游、下游流域和全流域湿地生态系统的健康状况。研究结果表明,中国图们江上游、中游和下游流域湿地生态系统的综合健康指数分别为0.237 3、0.181 6和0.188 3,其健康状况分别为亚健康、轻度退化和轻度退化;整个中国图们江流域湿地生态系统综合健康指数为0.190 1,其健康状况为轻度退化。
Based on the existing datas and field monitoring datas in the Tumen River Basin, China, a wetland health evaluation system was established, which contains 3 project layers(ecological characteristics layer,service function layer, and social and political environment layer), with 22 indicators in total. The weights of index were determined by means of the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the Teffel methods. The health degrees of the wetland ecosystems in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tumen River in China as well as the whole basin were evaluated based on Weber-Fischner's law, respectively. The results showed that the comprehensive health indexes of the ecosystems in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tumen River in China were 0.237 3, 0.181 6 and 0.188 3, respectively, and their health degrees were sub-health, and mild degradation, mild degradation, respectively. The comprehensive health index of the ecosystem in the whole Tumen River Basin in China was 0.190 1, and the health degree was mild degradation.
Based on the existing datas and field monitoring datas in the Tumen River Basin, China, a wetland health evaluation system was established, which contains 3 project layers(ecological characteristics layer,service function layer, and social and political environment layer), with 22 indicators in total. The weights of index were determined by means of the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the Teffel methods. The health degrees of the wetland ecosystems in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tumen River in China as well as the whole basin were evaluated based on Weber-Fischner's law, respectively. The results showed that the comprehensive health indexes of the ecosystems in the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tumen River in China were 0.237 3, 0.181 6 and 0.188 3, respectively, and their health degrees were sub-health, and mild degradation, mild degradation, respectively. The comprehensive health index of the ecosystem in the whole Tumen River Basin in China was 0.190 1, and the health degree was mild degradation.
引文
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[3]吕宪国.湿地生态学研究进展与展望[C]//中国生态学会.生态学与全面·协调·可持续发展——中国生态学会第七届全国会员代表大会论文摘要荟萃,北京, 2004.
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[6]孙才志,陈富强.鸭绿江口滨海湿地景观生态健康评价[J].湿地科学, 2017, 1155(1):40-46.
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[16]王琪,朱卫红,张达,等.图们江下游地区湿地生态评价[J].湿地科学, 2010, 88(1):79-85.
[17]田辉,孙岐发,都基众.敬信湿地生态综合评价[J].湿地科学,2014, 122(1):12-126.
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[19]李春景,吕弼顺.洪泛危险等级分类及其地形模型的建立——以图们江流域为例[J].延边大学学报(自然科学版), 2007(4):294-298.
[20]南颖,吉喆,冯恒栋,等.基于遥感和地理信息系统的图们江地区生态安全评价[J].生态学报, 2013, 333(15):4790-4798.
[21]杨亮,朱卫红,熊琪,等.图们江流域湿地土壤重金属污染特征[J].安徽农业大学学报, 2017, 4444(4):677-683.
[22]秦雷,解东昊,朱卫红,等.图们江流域河岸带土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 2299(8):120-125.
[23]苗承玉.基于景观格局的图们江流域湿地生态安全评价与预警研究[D].延边:延边大学, 2012.
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[25]巩如英,王飞,刘雅莉,等.韦伯—费希纳定律评价模型在景观环境质量评价中的应用[J].西北林学院学报, 2006, 2211(1):131-135.
[26]徐建华.计量地理学[D].北京:高等教育出版社, 2006.
[27]任黎,杨金艳,相欣奕.湖泊生态系统健康评价指标体系[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 4400(1):100-103.
[28]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2006:386-397.
[29]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系Ⅱ.方法与案例[J].生态学报, 2002, 2222(8):1231-1239.
[30]Mo M, Wang X, Wu H, et al. Ecosystem health assessment of Honghu Lake wetland of China using artificial neural network approach[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2009, 19(4):349-356.
[31]朱燕玲,过仲阳,叶属峰,等.崇明东滩海岸带生态系统退化诊断体系的构建[J].应用生态学报, 2011, 2222(2):513-518.
[32]秦雷,解东昊,朱卫红,等.图们江流域河岸带土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 2299(8):120-125.
[33]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 1987.
[34]相恒星,王一航,张敬瑶,等. 1990~2015年图们江流域耕地时空变化遥感分析[J].长沙大学学报, 2017, 3311(5):8-13.
[35]李楠.延边州人口与经济增长问题研究[D].延边:延边大学,2017.
[36]王学武.图们江流域水文特性分析及中长期径流预报研究[D].长春:长春工程学院, 2018.
[2]Yuan X Z, Liu E, Lu J J. Assessment of ecosystem health concept framework and indicator selection[J]. Chinese Joumal of Applied Ecology, 2001, 112222(4):627-629.
[3]吕宪国.湿地生态学研究进展与展望[C]//中国生态学会.生态学与全面·协调·可持续发展——中国生态学会第七届全国会员代表大会论文摘要荟萃,北京, 2004.
[4]LI Wenhua. Progresses and perspectives of ecological research in China[J]. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2010, 11(1):3-14.
[5]任海,邬建国,彭少麟.生态系统健康的评估[J].热带地理,2000, 200(4):310-316.
[6]孙才志,陈富强.鸭绿江口滨海湿地景观生态健康评价[J].湿地科学, 2017, 1155(1):40-46.
[7]易凤佳,黄端,刘建红,等.汉江流域湿地变化及其生态健康评价[J].地球信息科学学报, 2017, 1199(1):70-79.
[8]Wei Z X, Cai G J, Wu A N, et al. Meanings of applying river health evaluation in river management[J]. China Water Resources,2005(17):18-19.
[9]孙燕,周杨明,张秋文,等.生态系统健康:理论/概念与评价方法[J].地球科学进展, 2011, 266(8):887-896
[10]Smith W H. Ecosystem pathology:A new perspective for phytopathology[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 1984, 9(3):193-219.
[11]Brown M T, Vivas M B. Landscape development intensity index[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2005, 110011(1-3):289-309.
[12]Shen D, Zhong P. Application of ecosystem health assessment in wetland management[J]. Wetland Science and Management,2008, 44(3):30-33.
[13]安乐生,刘贯群,叶思源.黄河三角洲滨海湿地健康条件评价[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2011, 411(4):1157-1165.
[14]蒋卫国,潘英姿,侯鹏.洞庭湖区湿地生态系统健康综合评价[J].地理研究, 2009, 288(6):1665-1672.
[15]孙希宁,武满满,马艳芳.庵里水库湿地生态健康的生物学评价[J].环境科学与技术, 2009, 3322(6):165-168.
[16]王琪,朱卫红,张达,等.图们江下游地区湿地生态评价[J].湿地科学, 2010, 88(1):79-85.
[17]田辉,孙岐发,都基众.敬信湿地生态综合评价[J].湿地科学,2014, 122(1):12-126.
[18]罗遵兰,赵志平,孙光,等.松花江流域湿地生态系统健康评价[J].水土保持研究, 2015, 2222(1):105-114.
[19]李春景,吕弼顺.洪泛危险等级分类及其地形模型的建立——以图们江流域为例[J].延边大学学报(自然科学版), 2007(4):294-298.
[20]南颖,吉喆,冯恒栋,等.基于遥感和地理信息系统的图们江地区生态安全评价[J].生态学报, 2013, 333(15):4790-4798.
[21]杨亮,朱卫红,熊琪,等.图们江流域湿地土壤重金属污染特征[J].安徽农业大学学报, 2017, 4444(4):677-683.
[22]秦雷,解东昊,朱卫红,等.图们江流域河岸带土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 2299(8):120-125.
[23]苗承玉.基于景观格局的图们江流域湿地生态安全评价与预警研究[D].延边:延边大学, 2012.
[24]Jan Drdsler. An n-dimensional weber law and corresponding Fechner law[J]. Mathematical Psychology, 2000(44):330-335.
[25]巩如英,王飞,刘雅莉,等.韦伯—费希纳定律评价模型在景观环境质量评价中的应用[J].西北林学院学报, 2006, 2211(1):131-135.
[26]徐建华.计量地理学[D].北京:高等教育出版社, 2006.
[27]任黎,杨金艳,相欣奕.湖泊生态系统健康评价指标体系[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 4400(1):100-103.
[28]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地学[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2006:386-397.
[29]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系Ⅱ.方法与案例[J].生态学报, 2002, 2222(8):1231-1239.
[30]Mo M, Wang X, Wu H, et al. Ecosystem health assessment of Honghu Lake wetland of China using artificial neural network approach[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2009, 19(4):349-356.
[31]朱燕玲,过仲阳,叶属峰,等.崇明东滩海岸带生态系统退化诊断体系的构建[J].应用生态学报, 2011, 2222(2):513-518.
[32]秦雷,解东昊,朱卫红,等.图们江流域河岸带土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 2299(8):120-125.
[33]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 1987.
[34]相恒星,王一航,张敬瑶,等. 1990~2015年图们江流域耕地时空变化遥感分析[J].长沙大学学报, 2017, 3311(5):8-13.
[35]李楠.延边州人口与经济增长问题研究[D].延边:延边大学,2017.
[36]王学武.图们江流域水文特性分析及中长期径流预报研究[D].长春:长春工程学院, 2018.
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