桃蚜在辣椒上的空间分布及抽样技术研究
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摘要
为明确四川省成都主要辣椒种植区桃蚜空间分布格局,运用2种回归方法和8个聚集度指标[K、C、CA、I、M*、m*/m、L*、L*/(1+m)]对桃蚜盛发期种群的空间格局进行研究;同时,通过Iwao回归法和Taylor幂法计算桃蚜种群理论抽样数,Iwao和kuno序贯抽样技术拟合桃蚜的序贯抽样模型。结果表明桃蚜种群呈聚集分布,聚集强度随种群密度的升高而增加,且个体间相互吸引,其聚集是由桃蚜习性与环境因素共同引起的,但8月下旬开始聚集原因主要由环境因素决定;种群密度与聚集度指标相关性分析表明,用平均拥挤度(m*/m)、负二项分布指标(K)、久野指数(CA)及L*/(m+1)分析桃蚜空间分布型更具说服力;利用空间格局参数确定了理论抽样数和序贯抽样模型。
To better understand the occurrence regularity of Myzus persicae in Chengdu pepper regions of Sichuan Province, two regression models [Iwao's regression and Taylor's power principle] and eight indices of aggregation [K, C, CA, I, M*, m*/m, L*, L*/(1+m)] were used to test the spatial distribution patterns of M. persicae population. The results indicated that the distribution patterns of M. persicae population, which accorded with minus binomial distribution, belonged to an aggregated distribution. The aggregation intensity increased with the increase of population density, and individuals attracted each other. The aggregated mean indice(λ)suggested that the aggregation was caused by biological characteristics of M. persicae and environmental factors, but environmental factors became key point after late August. The aggregation indexes [K, CA, m*/m, L*/(1+m)] can explain the spatial distribution patterns of M. persicae population better through correlation analysis between population density and aggregation index. The equation of theoretical sampling number and sequential sampling model are inferred from the spatial pattern parameters.
To better understand the occurrence regularity of Myzus persicae in Chengdu pepper regions of Sichuan Province, two regression models [Iwao's regression and Taylor's power principle] and eight indices of aggregation [K, C, CA, I, M*, m*/m, L*, L*/(1+m)] were used to test the spatial distribution patterns of M. persicae population. The results indicated that the distribution patterns of M. persicae population, which accorded with minus binomial distribution, belonged to an aggregated distribution. The aggregation intensity increased with the increase of population density, and individuals attracted each other. The aggregated mean indice(λ)suggested that the aggregation was caused by biological characteristics of M. persicae and environmental factors, but environmental factors became key point after late August. The aggregation indexes [K, CA, m*/m, L*/(1+m)] can explain the spatial distribution patterns of M. persicae population better through correlation analysis between population density and aggregation index. The equation of theoretical sampling number and sequential sampling model are inferred from the spatial pattern parameters.
引文
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[23]洪波,张云慧,李超,等.马铃薯甲虫空间分布型及序贯抽样[J].植物保护学报,2010,37(3):206-210.
[24]张安盛,冯建国,李照会,等.桃蚜的空间分布型与异色瓢虫对桃蚜捕食功能的研究[J].山东农业科学,2002(3):31-33.
[25]赵静,赵鑫,王玉军,等.烟盲蝽及其天敌蜘蛛空间格局的地统计学分析[J].生态学报,2010,30(15):4196-4205.
[2]马亚玲,刘长仲.蚜虫的生态学特性及其防治[J].草业科学,2014,31(3):519-525.
[3]杨效文,张孝羲.烟蚜抗药性的生化及分子生物学机制[J].世界农业,1998(11):37-38.
[4]赵荣乐,郑光宇.桃蚜可高效率地传播小西葫芦黄化花叶病毒新疆株[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2003,39(3):382-385.
[5] Srigiriraju L, Semtenr P J, BloomquistL J R. Monitoring for imidacloprid resistance in the tobacco-adapted form of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae(Sulzer)(Hemiptera:Aphididae), in the eastern United States[J]. Pest Management Science,2010,66(6):76-85.
[6] Toor R F V, Foster S P, Anstead J A, et al. Insecticide resistance and genetic composition of Myzus persicae(Hemiptera:Aphididae)on field potatoes in New Zealand[J]. Crop Protection,2008,27(2):236-247.
[7]宫亚军,王泽华,石宝才,等.北京地区不同桃蚜种群的抗药性研究[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(21):4385-4394.
[8]吴金泉.桃蚜抗性机制的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,1993(2):20-22.
[9]夏鹏亮.恩施烟区烟蚜田间发生规律及生态控制方法研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[10]丁程成,邹运鼎,毕守东,等.李园桃蚜和草间小黑蛛种群空间格局的地学统计学研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(7):1308-1312.
[11]杨鹤,郑发科.南充市郊桃园桃蚜的空间分布型研究[J].西华师范大学学报:自然科学版,2008,29(1):63-65.
[12]赵鹏.辣椒田节肢动物群落动态研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2009.
[13]戴雄泽,刘志敏.初论我国辣椒产业的现状及发展趋势[J].辣椒杂志,2005(4):1-6.
[14]王立浩,张正海,曹亚从,等.“十二五”我国辣椒遗传育种研究进展及其展望[J].中国蔬菜,2016,1(1):1-7.
[15]杨敏娟,张懿,陶玫.丘北辣椒主要害虫及天敌种类发生消长规律研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2009,24(1):150-153.
[16]丁岩钦.昆虫数学生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:126-134.
[17] David F N, Moore P G. Notes on contagious distribution in plant populations[J]. Annals of Botany,1954,18(1):47-53.
[18] Lloyd M. Mean crowding[J]. Journal Animal Ecology,1967,36(1):1-30.
[19] Iwao S. A new regress method for analyzing the aggregation patteren of animal populations[J]. Researches on Population Ecology,1968,10(1):1-20.
[20] Talor L R. Aggregation, variance and the mean[J]. Nature,1961,189(4766):732-735.
[21]黄本荣.三明烟区烟蚜空间分布型的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2009.
[22]王立红.一品红花卉上烟粉虱的序贯抽样技术研究[J].植物保护,2007,33(4):74-76.
[23]洪波,张云慧,李超,等.马铃薯甲虫空间分布型及序贯抽样[J].植物保护学报,2010,37(3):206-210.
[24]张安盛,冯建国,李照会,等.桃蚜的空间分布型与异色瓢虫对桃蚜捕食功能的研究[J].山东农业科学,2002(3):31-33.
[25]赵静,赵鑫,王玉军,等.烟盲蝽及其天敌蜘蛛空间格局的地统计学分析[J].生态学报,2010,30(15):4196-4205.
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