基于仿真模拟的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌溉系统水资源优化调控研究
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摘要
鉴于江淮丘陵区塘坝灌溉系统水资源调控问题的重要性与复杂性,依据系统仿真模拟理论,构建了塘坝灌区水量分配仿真模拟模型;以保障农村生活供水需求下的农业灌溉效益最大为目标,建立了塘坝灌区水资源优化调控模型,形成了基于仿真模拟的塘坝灌溉系统水资源优化调控技术体系,优选了研究区适宜塘坝率为27×10~4m~3/km~2,确定了适宜的节水灌溉模式与灌溉制度,制定了适宜的供水规则,提出了具有可操作性的作物种植结构调整规则,在保障农村生活供水需求下,研究区多年平均总灌溉缺水量减少了3.98×10~4m~3/km~2,多年平均缺水率由19.79%降低至2.95%,多年平均灌溉效益增加了11.71万元/km~2,多年平均增收7.32%.可为江淮丘陵区塘坝综合治理、塘坝灌区水量分配方案与灌溉制度地制定提供理论依据与技术支撑,具有明显的实际指导意义和重要的推广应用价值.
In view of the importance and complexity of water resources optimization control ponds irrigation system in Jianghuai Rolling Country,the water allocation simulation model of Small Reservoir Irrigation District was built by system simulation theory.To ensure the demand of water supply and maximize the agriculture irrigation efficiency in rural areas,the water resources optimal allocation model was developed,further,optimal water resources control technology system was formed over the regions irrigated by small reservoir.Optimization of small reservoir suitable capacity per unit area is 270 000 m~3/km~2.Suitable water-saving irrigation pattern and irrigation procedure of Small Reservoir Irrigation District is determined.Practical crop planting pattern is proposed.Under the guarantee of the demand of rural living water supply,mean annual irrigation water shortage is reduced up to 39 800 m~3/km~2,annual water shortage rate was decreased from 19.79% to 2.95%,annual irrigation benefit and income increased 117 100 yuan/km~2 and 7.32%,respectively.It is significant for providing theoretical basis and technical support for comprehensive treatment of Jianghuai Rolling Country and establishing the water allocation and irrigation scheme in Small Reservoir Irrigation District.
In view of the importance and complexity of water resources optimization control ponds irrigation system in Jianghuai Rolling Country,the water allocation simulation model of Small Reservoir Irrigation District was built by system simulation theory.To ensure the demand of water supply and maximize the agriculture irrigation efficiency in rural areas,the water resources optimal allocation model was developed,further,optimal water resources control technology system was formed over the regions irrigated by small reservoir.Optimization of small reservoir suitable capacity per unit area is 270 000 m~3/km~2.Suitable water-saving irrigation pattern and irrigation procedure of Small Reservoir Irrigation District is determined.Practical crop planting pattern is proposed.Under the guarantee of the demand of rural living water supply,mean annual irrigation water shortage is reduced up to 39 800 m~3/km~2,annual water shortage rate was decreased from 19.79% to 2.95%,annual irrigation benefit and income increased 117 100 yuan/km~2 and 7.32%,respectively.It is significant for providing theoretical basis and technical support for comprehensive treatment of Jianghuai Rolling Country and establishing the water allocation and irrigation scheme in Small Reservoir Irrigation District.
引文
[1] 程文辉,王谨谨,曲强,等.我国塘坝窖池工程现状分析[J].中国水利,2013,(7):16-17 Cheng Wenhui,Wang Jinjin,Qu Qiang,et al.Construction situation analysis of ponds and pits in china[J].China Water Resources,2013,(7):16-17
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[5] 袁先江.塘坝综合整治与运行管理的认识与思考[J].江淮水利科技,2013,(5):23-25 Yuan Xianjiang.Understanding and thinking of the comprehensive renovation and operation management about Ponds[J].Jianghuai Water Resources Science and Technology,2013,(5):23-25
[6] 李宝询,孟高庆.农村小型塘坝荒废现象不容忽视[J].中国水利,1995,(9):40-40 Li Baoxun,Meng Gaoqing.Abandoned phenomenon of rural small ponds can't be ignored[J].China Water Resources,1995,(9):40-40
[7] 邵东国,刘武艺,张湘隆.灌区水资源高效利用调控理论与技术研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(5):251-257 Shao Dongguo,Liu Wuyi,Zhang Xianglong.Review of the researches on theory and technology of regulation for high efficient utilization of water resources in the irrigation and drainage system[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2007,23(5):251-257
[8] 齐学斌,黄仲冬,乔冬梅,等.灌区水资源合理配置研究进展[J].水科学进展,2015,26(2):287-295 Qi Xuebin,Huang Zhongdong,Qiao Dongmei,et al.Research advances on the reasonable water resources allocation in irrigation district[J].Advances in Water Science,2015,26(2):287-295
[9] Smout I K,Gorantiwar S D.Multilevel approach for optimizing land and water resources and irrigation deliveries for tertiary units in large irrigation schemes 1:Method [J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,American Society of Civil Engineers,2005,131(3):264-272
[10] Balderama O F.Development of a decision support system for small reservoir irrigation systems in rainfed and drought prone areas[J].Water Science & Technology,2010,61(11):2779-2785
[11] García-Bolaňos M,Borgia C,Poblador N,et al.Performance assessment of small irrigation schemes along the Mauritanian banks of the Senegal River[J].Agricultural Water Management,2011,98(7):1141-1152
[12] Sarwar A,Eggers H.Development of a conjunctive use model to evaluate alternative management options for surface and groundwater resources[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2006,14(8):1676-1687
[13] 陈述,邵东国,李浩鑫,等.基于粒子群人工蜂群算法的灌区渠-塘-田优化调配耦合模型[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):90-97 Chen Shu,Shao Dongguo,Li Haoxin,et al.Coupled allocation model for optimizing water in canal-pond-field based on artificial bee colony and particle swarm algorithm[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2014,30(20):90-97
[14] 毛战坡,尹澄清,单宝庆,等.水塘系统对农业流域水资源调控的定量化研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(12):76-83 Mao Zhanpo,Yin Chengqing,Shan Baoqing,et al.Regulation function of multi-pond system for water resources in a watershed[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(12):76-83
[15] 仇锦先,窦春涛,程吉林,等.新沂市丘陵山区雨水集蓄利用灌溉调度优化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,(6):125-132 Qiu Jinxian,Dou Chuntao,Cheng Jilin,et al.Optimal regulation study of irrigation on rainwater catchment and utilization in the hilly area in Xinyi City[J].Systems Engineering-theory & Practice,2005,(6):125-132
[16] 赵丹,邵东国,刘丙军.灌区水资源优化配置方法及应用[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(4):69-73 Zhao Dan,Shao Dongguo,Liu Bingjun.Method of disposition on water resources of irrigation district and its applications[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2004,20(4):69-73
[17] 夏军.跨流域调水及其对陆地水循环及水资源安全影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(6):831-842 Xia Jun.Impact of water diversion project across basins on Land Water Cycle and Water Security[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2009,17(6):831-842
[18] Parsinejad M,Yazdi A B,Araghinejad S,et al.Optimal water allocation in irrigation networks based on real time climatic data[J].Agricultural Water Management,2013,117:1-8
[19] 陈晓楠,段春青,邱林,等.基于粒子群的大系统优化模型在灌区水资源优化配置中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(3):103-106 Chen Xiaonan,Duan Chunqing,Qiu Lin,et al.Application of large scale system model based on particle swarm optimization to optimal allocation of water resources in irrigation areas[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(3):103-106
[20] 李翊,梁川.都江堰灌区水资源优化调度系统研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2007,15(4):466-472 Li Yi,Liang Chuan.Study of water resources optimization in Dujiangyan Irrigation District[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2007,15(4):466-472
[21] Maqsood I,Huang G H,Huang Y F,et al.ITOM:An interval-parameter two-stage optimization model for stochastic planning of water resources systems[J].Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assess,2005,19(2):125-133
[22] 王义民,孙佳宁,畅建霞,等.考虑“三条红线”的渭河流域(陕西段)水量水质联合调控研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(5):861-872 Wang Yimin,Sun Jianing,Chang Jianxia,et al.Joint regulation of water quantity and quality of Weihe River Basin based on “Three Red Lines”[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2015,23(5):861-872
[23] 蒋尚明,金菊良,许浒,等.基于径流曲线数模型的江淮丘陵区塘坝复蓄次数计算模型[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(18):117-124 Jiang Shangming,Jin Juliang,Xu Hu,et al.Computational model of pond re-storage times in Jianghuai hilly area based on SCS model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2013,29(18):117-124
[24] 洪林,罗琳,江海涛.SCS模型在流域尺度水文模拟中的应用[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2009,42(5):582-586 Hong Lin,Luo Lin,Jiang Haitao.Application of SCS model to hydrological simulation at an agricultural watershed scale[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2009,42(5):582-586
[25] Mishra S K,Singh V P,Sansalone J J,et al.A modified SCS-CN method:characterization and testing[J].Water Resources Management,2003,17:38-68
[26] 金菊良,原晨阳,蒋尚明,等.基于水量供需平衡分析的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价[J].水利学报,2013,44(5):534-541 Jin Juliang,Yuan Chenyang,Jiang Shangming,et al.Assessment of drought resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area of Jianghuai hilly area based on water supply and demand balance analysis[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(5):534-541
[27] Pereira A,Green S,Nova N A.Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration adapted to estimate irrigated tree transpiration[J].Agricultural Water Management,2006(83):153-161
[28] 王宗志,王银堂,陈艺伟,等.基于仿真规则与智能优化的水库多目标调控模型及其应用[J].水利学报,2012,43(5):564-579 Wang Zongzhi,Wang Yintang,Chen Yiwei,et al.Multi-objective reservoir regulation model based on simulation rules and intelligent optimization and its application[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(5):564-579
[29] 金菊良,杨晓华,丁晶.标准遗传算法的改进方案—加速遗传算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(4):8-12 Jin Juliang,Yang Xiaohua,Ding Jing.An improved simple genetic algorithm:Accelerating genetic algorithm[J].Systems Engineering-theory & Practice,2001,21(4):8-12
[2] 安徽省地方志编纂委员会.安徽省志·水利志[M].北京:方志出版社,1999 Local History Compilation Committee of Anhui Province.Anhui Province history-water conservancy[M].Beijing:Press of Local History,1999
[3] 吕君丽,陈恩虎.明清时期巢湖流域水资源环境与塘坝兴修[J].安徽史学,2014,(2):162-168 Lv Junli,Chen Enhu.Discussion on water resources environment and the construction of dam in Chaohu Lake basin in Ming and Qing Dynasties[J].Historical Research in Anhui,2014,(2):162-168
[4] 于凤存,蒋尚明,金菊良,等.江淮丘陵区干旱成因与减灾措施分析[J].人民长江,2016,47(7):1-5 Yu Fengcun,Jiang Shangming,Jin Juliang,et al.Analysis on causes of drought of Jianghuai hilly area and measures[J].Yangtze River,2016,47(7):1-5
[5] 袁先江.塘坝综合整治与运行管理的认识与思考[J].江淮水利科技,2013,(5):23-25 Yuan Xianjiang.Understanding and thinking of the comprehensive renovation and operation management about Ponds[J].Jianghuai Water Resources Science and Technology,2013,(5):23-25
[6] 李宝询,孟高庆.农村小型塘坝荒废现象不容忽视[J].中国水利,1995,(9):40-40 Li Baoxun,Meng Gaoqing.Abandoned phenomenon of rural small ponds can't be ignored[J].China Water Resources,1995,(9):40-40
[7] 邵东国,刘武艺,张湘隆.灌区水资源高效利用调控理论与技术研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(5):251-257 Shao Dongguo,Liu Wuyi,Zhang Xianglong.Review of the researches on theory and technology of regulation for high efficient utilization of water resources in the irrigation and drainage system[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2007,23(5):251-257
[8] 齐学斌,黄仲冬,乔冬梅,等.灌区水资源合理配置研究进展[J].水科学进展,2015,26(2):287-295 Qi Xuebin,Huang Zhongdong,Qiao Dongmei,et al.Research advances on the reasonable water resources allocation in irrigation district[J].Advances in Water Science,2015,26(2):287-295
[9] Smout I K,Gorantiwar S D.Multilevel approach for optimizing land and water resources and irrigation deliveries for tertiary units in large irrigation schemes 1:Method [J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,American Society of Civil Engineers,2005,131(3):264-272
[10] Balderama O F.Development of a decision support system for small reservoir irrigation systems in rainfed and drought prone areas[J].Water Science & Technology,2010,61(11):2779-2785
[11] García-Bolaňos M,Borgia C,Poblador N,et al.Performance assessment of small irrigation schemes along the Mauritanian banks of the Senegal River[J].Agricultural Water Management,2011,98(7):1141-1152
[12] Sarwar A,Eggers H.Development of a conjunctive use model to evaluate alternative management options for surface and groundwater resources[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2006,14(8):1676-1687
[13] 陈述,邵东国,李浩鑫,等.基于粒子群人工蜂群算法的灌区渠-塘-田优化调配耦合模型[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(20):90-97 Chen Shu,Shao Dongguo,Li Haoxin,et al.Coupled allocation model for optimizing water in canal-pond-field based on artificial bee colony and particle swarm algorithm[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2014,30(20):90-97
[14] 毛战坡,尹澄清,单宝庆,等.水塘系统对农业流域水资源调控的定量化研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(12):76-83 Mao Zhanpo,Yin Chengqing,Shan Baoqing,et al.Regulation function of multi-pond system for water resources in a watershed[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(12):76-83
[15] 仇锦先,窦春涛,程吉林,等.新沂市丘陵山区雨水集蓄利用灌溉调度优化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,(6):125-132 Qiu Jinxian,Dou Chuntao,Cheng Jilin,et al.Optimal regulation study of irrigation on rainwater catchment and utilization in the hilly area in Xinyi City[J].Systems Engineering-theory & Practice,2005,(6):125-132
[16] 赵丹,邵东国,刘丙军.灌区水资源优化配置方法及应用[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(4):69-73 Zhao Dan,Shao Dongguo,Liu Bingjun.Method of disposition on water resources of irrigation district and its applications[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2004,20(4):69-73
[17] 夏军.跨流域调水及其对陆地水循环及水资源安全影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(6):831-842 Xia Jun.Impact of water diversion project across basins on Land Water Cycle and Water Security[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2009,17(6):831-842
[18] Parsinejad M,Yazdi A B,Araghinejad S,et al.Optimal water allocation in irrigation networks based on real time climatic data[J].Agricultural Water Management,2013,117:1-8
[19] 陈晓楠,段春青,邱林,等.基于粒子群的大系统优化模型在灌区水资源优化配置中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(3):103-106 Chen Xiaonan,Duan Chunqing,Qiu Lin,et al.Application of large scale system model based on particle swarm optimization to optimal allocation of water resources in irrigation areas[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2008,24(3):103-106
[20] 李翊,梁川.都江堰灌区水资源优化调度系统研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2007,15(4):466-472 Li Yi,Liang Chuan.Study of water resources optimization in Dujiangyan Irrigation District[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2007,15(4):466-472
[21] Maqsood I,Huang G H,Huang Y F,et al.ITOM:An interval-parameter two-stage optimization model for stochastic planning of water resources systems[J].Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assess,2005,19(2):125-133
[22] 王义民,孙佳宁,畅建霞,等.考虑“三条红线”的渭河流域(陕西段)水量水质联合调控研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(5):861-872 Wang Yimin,Sun Jianing,Chang Jianxia,et al.Joint regulation of water quantity and quality of Weihe River Basin based on “Three Red Lines”[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2015,23(5):861-872
[23] 蒋尚明,金菊良,许浒,等.基于径流曲线数模型的江淮丘陵区塘坝复蓄次数计算模型[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(18):117-124 Jiang Shangming,Jin Juliang,Xu Hu,et al.Computational model of pond re-storage times in Jianghuai hilly area based on SCS model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2013,29(18):117-124
[24] 洪林,罗琳,江海涛.SCS模型在流域尺度水文模拟中的应用[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2009,42(5):582-586 Hong Lin,Luo Lin,Jiang Haitao.Application of SCS model to hydrological simulation at an agricultural watershed scale[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2009,42(5):582-586
[25] Mishra S K,Singh V P,Sansalone J J,et al.A modified SCS-CN method:characterization and testing[J].Water Resources Management,2003,17:38-68
[26] 金菊良,原晨阳,蒋尚明,等.基于水量供需平衡分析的江淮丘陵区塘坝灌区抗旱能力评价[J].水利学报,2013,44(5):534-541 Jin Juliang,Yuan Chenyang,Jiang Shangming,et al.Assessment of drought resistance ability for pond and retaining dam irrigated area of Jianghuai hilly area based on water supply and demand balance analysis[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(5):534-541
[27] Pereira A,Green S,Nova N A.Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration adapted to estimate irrigated tree transpiration[J].Agricultural Water Management,2006(83):153-161
[28] 王宗志,王银堂,陈艺伟,等.基于仿真规则与智能优化的水库多目标调控模型及其应用[J].水利学报,2012,43(5):564-579 Wang Zongzhi,Wang Yintang,Chen Yiwei,et al.Multi-objective reservoir regulation model based on simulation rules and intelligent optimization and its application[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(5):564-579
[29] 金菊良,杨晓华,丁晶.标准遗传算法的改进方案—加速遗传算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,21(4):8-12 Jin Juliang,Yang Xiaohua,Ding Jing.An improved simple genetic algorithm:Accelerating genetic algorithm[J].Systems Engineering-theory & Practice,2001,21(4):8-12
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