东北稻蟹中18种微量元素含量及健康风险评价
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摘要
为探讨东北地区(黑龙江省、吉林省和辽宁省)稻田养殖河蟹的微量元素含量水平和食用安全性,于2017年9月在东北主要养殖区采集稻田养殖河蟹56份,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测了河蟹体内18种微量元素的含量,并采用单因子污染指数(Pi)和每周可耐受摄入量(PTWI)、目标危害商值(THQ)法分别评价了其污染程度和食用安全性。结果表明:河蟹中检出的大多数微量元素含量远高于该地区池塘养殖的淡水鱼类;吉林省河蟹体内的Cr、Cd、U等10种微量元素含量与其他两省份相比存在显著性差异(P<0.05);所有样品的Cu、Pb、Cd和Cr含量均未超出国家食品安全标准;5种重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr)的成人每周实际摄入量(AWI)低于食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)推荐的每周可耐受摄入量;5种重金属和其他4种有害微量元素(Ba、U、Ag和Be)的人体每日摄入量(EDI)低于美国环保署(USEPA)推荐的参考剂量(RfD)。研究表明食用东北稻田养殖河蟹摄入的微量元素对食用人群没有明显的健康风险。在检测的18种微量元素中,Ba、Pb和Cd对复合污染物风险指数(HI)贡献率较高,是主要的风险元素。
In order to investigate the concentrations and food safety of 18 trace elements in rice-crab(Eriocheir sinensis)from northeastern China(including Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning Provinces),a total of 56 crab samples were collected from main rice-crab aquiculture area in September 2017. The concentrations of 18 trace elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICPMS), and the pollution levels and potential health risks were estimated by single-factor pollution index(Pi), provisional tolerated weekly intake(PTWI)and target hazard quotient(THQ), respectively. Results showed that contents of most trace element in crab were much more higher than in freshwater fish obtained from pond. Significant differences in ten trace element including Cr, Cd and U were found in samples between Jilin Province and the other two regions(P<0.05). The contents of Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr in all the samples were not exceeded national standards. The adult weekly intake(AWI)of analyzed five heavy elements(including Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr)were lower than PTWI recommended by JECFA. The estimated daily intake(EDI)of the five heavy elements and four toxic trace elements(including Ba, U, Ag and Be)were lower than the reference dose(RfD)recommended by USEPA. All results indicated that trace elements intake form the rice crab had no significant health risk to the health risks. The trace elements of Ba, Pb and Cd were the main risk elements, which had high contribution rate to HI.
In order to investigate the concentrations and food safety of 18 trace elements in rice-crab(Eriocheir sinensis)from northeastern China(including Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning Provinces),a total of 56 crab samples were collected from main rice-crab aquiculture area in September 2017. The concentrations of 18 trace elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICPMS), and the pollution levels and potential health risks were estimated by single-factor pollution index(Pi), provisional tolerated weekly intake(PTWI)and target hazard quotient(THQ), respectively. Results showed that contents of most trace element in crab were much more higher than in freshwater fish obtained from pond. Significant differences in ten trace element including Cr, Cd and U were found in samples between Jilin Province and the other two regions(P<0.05). The contents of Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr in all the samples were not exceeded national standards. The adult weekly intake(AWI)of analyzed five heavy elements(including Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr)were lower than PTWI recommended by JECFA. The estimated daily intake(EDI)of the five heavy elements and four toxic trace elements(including Ba, U, Ag and Be)were lower than the reference dose(RfD)recommended by USEPA. All results indicated that trace elements intake form the rice crab had no significant health risk to the health risks. The trace elements of Ba, Pb and Cd were the main risk elements, which had high contribution rate to HI.
引文
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[2]王常安,徐奇友,闫有利,等.我国东北地区稻田养殖的模式概况[J].水产学杂志,2017,30(3):57-60.WANG Chang-an,XU Qi-you,YAN You-li,et al.A review of aquacultural patterns in paddy fields in northeast China[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2017,30(3):57-60.
[3]Wu Y,Zhang H,Liu G,et al.Concentrations and health risk assessment of trace elements in animal-derived food in southern China[J].Chemosphere,2016,144:564-570.
[4]Lu L,Liu G,Wang J,et al.Accumulation and health risk assessment of trace elements in Carassius auratus gibelio from subsidence pools in the Huainan coalfield in China[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2017,189(9):479.
[5]Li S,He Y,Zhao H,et al.Assessment of 28 trace elements and 17 amino acid levels in muscular tissues of broiler chicken(Gallus gallus)suffering from arsenic trioxide[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2017,144:430-437.
[6]Qin D,Jiang H,Bai S,et al.Determination of 28 trace elements in three farmed cyprinid fish species from northeast China[J].Food Control,2015,50:1-8.
[7]?elik U,Oehlenschl?ger J.High contents of cadmium,lead,zinc and copper in popular fishery products sold in Turkish super markets[J].Food Control,2007,18(3):258-261.
[8]Tuzen M.Toxic and essential trace elemental contents in fish species from the Black Sea,Turkey[J].Food&Chemical Toxicology,2009,47(8):1785-1790.
[9]覃东立,白淑艳,汤施展,等.微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定水产品中28种微量元素[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(18):67-70.QIN Dong-li,BAI Shu-yan,TANG Shi-zhan,et al.Simultaneous determination of 28 trace elements in aquatic products by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2014,35(18):67-70.
[10]Zhu F,Qu L,Fan W,et al.Study on heavy metal levels and its health risk assessment in some edible fishes from Nansi Lake,China[J].Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,2015,187(4):1-13.
[11]张菲菲,杨善卿,徐焱平,等.上海市垂钓鱼重金属污染特征与食用安全性[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):754-760.ZHANG Fei-fei,YANG Shan-qing,XU Yan-ping,et al.Contamination of heavy metals in game fishes in Shanghai and fish consumption safety assessment[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(2):754-760.
[12]中华人民共和国农业部.NY 5073-2006无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.Ministry of Agriculture of PRC.The safety limitation standard of hazardous and noxious substances in non-environmental pollution aquatic products NY 5073-2006[S].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2006.
[13]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,国家食品药品监督管理总局.食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量GB 2762-2017[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2017.National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC,China Food and Drug Administration.National food safety standards maximum levels of contaminants in foods GB 2762-2017[S].Beijing:China Zhijian Publishing house,2017.
[14]施沁璇,孙博怿,王俊,等.钱塘江流域鱼肉中重金属含量特征及食用安全性评价[J].上海海洋大学学报,2017,26(4):536-545.SHI Qin-xuan,SUN Bo-yi,WANG Jun,et al.Study on heavy metal concentration and their food safety assessment in the muscle of fishes in Qiantang River[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2017,26(4):536-545.
[15]World Health Organization(WHO).Joint FAO/WHO expert standards program codex alimentation commission[R].Geneva:WHO,2004.
[16]国家卫生和计划生育委员会疾病预防控制局.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2015:13.Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC.Report on Chinese resident's chronic disease and nutrition[M].Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,2015:13.
[17]USEPA.Risk-based concentration table[R].Philadelphia PA:United States Environmental Protection Agency,2011.
[18]张小磊,王晶晶,安春华,等.郑州沿黄地区养殖鱼类中重金属污染与健康风险评价[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(2):350-355.ZHANG Xiao-lei,WANG Jing-jing,AN Chun-hua,et al.Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in cultured fish species along the Yellow River in Zhengzhou[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2018,27(2):350-355.
[19]和庆,彭自然,张晨,等.长三角地区池塘养殖水产品重金属含量及其健康风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(6):1070-1077.HE Qing,PENG Zi-ran,ZHANG Chen,et al.Heavy metals content of pond aquaculture products in Yangtze River Delta and the health risk associated with human consumption[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2017,36(6):1070-1077.
[20]张聪,宋超,裘丽萍,等.太湖流域中华绒螯蟹重金属镉和铬的风险评估[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(3):178-181.ZHANG Cong,SONG Chao,QIU Li-ping,et al.Distribution pattern and risk assessment of cadmium and chromium in crab(Eriocheir sinensis)around Taihu Lake[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2017,40(3):178-181.
[21]姚清华,颜孙安,林虬,等.水产品重金属富集规律与风险评估[J].福建农业学报,2014,29(5):498-504.YAO Qing-hua,YAN Sun-an,LIN Qiu,et al.Enrichment regularity and risk assessment of heavy metal in aquatic products[J].Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2014,29(5):498-504.
[22]张美琴,陈海仟,吴光红.饲料中Pb和Cd在中华绒螯蟹体内的吸收与释放特性[J].水产学报,2016,40(9):1431-1439.ZHANG Mei-qin,CHEN Hai-qian,WU Guang-hong.In vivo absorption and release characteristics of Pb and Cd in diet in Eriocheir sinensis[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2016,40(9):1431-1439.
[23]Jiang H,Qin D,Mou Z,et al.Trace elements in farmed fish(Cyprinus carpio,Ctenopharyngodon idella and Oncorhynchus mykiss)from Beijing:Implication from feed[J].Food Additives&Contaminants:Part BSurveillance,2016,9(2):132-141.
[24]王龙昌,王恬,周岩民.动物食品中铅污染现状及饲料控制技术研究进展[J].食品科学,2010,31(13):302-306.WANG Long-chang,WANG Tian,ZHOU Yan-min.Research progress of lead contamination in animal food and corresponding control technology for feed[J].Food Science,2010,31(13):302-306.
[25]Prasanthi R,Reddy G H,Reddy G R.Calcium or zinc supplementation reduces lead toxicity:Assessment of behavioral dysfunction in young and adult mice[J].Nutrition Research,2006,26(10):537-545.
[26]覃东立,汤施展,白淑艳,等.东北地区鲤、鲫、草鱼肌肉中重金属含量评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(2):264-270.QIN Dong-li,TANG Shi-zhan,BAI Shu-yan et al.Heavy metal concentrations in muscle of fishes from the northeast China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2014,33(2):264-270.
[27]魏复盛.中国土壤环境背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1992:342-344.WEI Fu-sheng.The soil environmental background values in China[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1992:342-344.
[28]United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).IRIS advanced search[EB/OL].[2018-02-25].https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/search/index.cfm.
[29]European Food Safety Authority Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain.Scientific opinion on lead in food[J].The EFSA Journal,2010,8(4):1570.
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