中国地级市城乡建设用地与人口增长脱钩分析
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摘要
本文基于脱钩理论与方法,以中国地级市为研究区,对中国各地级市城镇、乡村、城乡人地脱钩状态及特征进行分析,并构建了基于脱钩类型的土地利用分区模型,探究了不同用地分区模式下的土地节约集约利用策略。研究表明:①国家尺度下,中国城乡人地关系整体处于不协调状态,城镇建设用地与城镇人口同向增长态势相对稳定,乡村建设用地显著扩张和乡村人口快速持续减少的反向两极分化日趋严重。②市级尺度下,不同维度各地市的人地关系脱钩类型各有不同,74.2%地市的"城-乡"人地关系处于不协调状态;36.2%地市的"城"人地关系处于不协调状态;81.6%地市的"乡"人地关系处于非常不协调状态。③中国土地利用可以划分"城-乡"双集约、"城"集约、"乡"集约、"城-乡"双控4种类型区,"城"集约和"城-乡"双控两种类型区地市个数占到97.9%,不同类型区土地集约利用调控方向和措施存在差异,但其最终目标均是要通过对人口、产业和土地利用的科学合理引导和管控,实现"城""、乡"以及"城与乡"的人地和谐发展。
Based on the decoupling theory, this study analyzed the urban, rural, and urban-rural construction land and population change decoupling status and characteristics in China at the prefectural level. A decoupling-based land-use zoning model was built to explore land conversion and intensive utilization strategy in different land use zones. The results show that:(1) At the national level, the relationship of urban-rural human population and construction land was in an uncoordinated state. During 2010-2016, urban construction land and population both stably increased. However, rural construction land significantly expanded while rural population has been rapidly decreasing at the same time.(2) At the prefectural level, the decoupling types of cities in China varied in different dimensions. Cities whose urban-rural human-land relationships were uncoordinated accounted for 74.2% of all cities in China. Meanwhile, cities with uncoordinated urban human-land relationships accounted for 36.2% of all cities in China. Besides, 81.6% of all cities in China had uncoordinated rural human-land relationships.(3) On the basis of decoupling types, land use were divided into four types, including urban-rural intensive, urban intensive, rural intensive, and urban-rural extensive. Cities in urban intensive and urban-rural extensive zones accounted for 97.9% of all cites in China. According to the characteristics of different land use zones, this study suggested various regulatory and control countermeasures, in order to promote the sustainable development in urban and rural areas.
Based on the decoupling theory, this study analyzed the urban, rural, and urban-rural construction land and population change decoupling status and characteristics in China at the prefectural level. A decoupling-based land-use zoning model was built to explore land conversion and intensive utilization strategy in different land use zones. The results show that:(1) At the national level, the relationship of urban-rural human population and construction land was in an uncoordinated state. During 2010-2016, urban construction land and population both stably increased. However, rural construction land significantly expanded while rural population has been rapidly decreasing at the same time.(2) At the prefectural level, the decoupling types of cities in China varied in different dimensions. Cities whose urban-rural human-land relationships were uncoordinated accounted for 74.2% of all cities in China. Meanwhile, cities with uncoordinated urban human-land relationships accounted for 36.2% of all cities in China. Besides, 81.6% of all cities in China had uncoordinated rural human-land relationships.(3) On the basis of decoupling types, land use were divided into four types, including urban-rural intensive, urban intensive, rural intensive, and urban-rural extensive. Cities in urban intensive and urban-rural extensive zones accounted for 97.9% of all cites in China. According to the characteristics of different land use zones, this study suggested various regulatory and control countermeasures, in order to promote the sustainable development in urban and rural areas.
引文
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