中试SBR内好氧颗粒污泥培养和微生物群落变化
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摘要
利用实际城市污水在SBR中试系统中培养好氧颗粒污泥(AGS),考察AGS对污染物的去除特性,同时利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序对成熟的AGS和絮体污泥中的细菌群落组成进行对比研究,分析污泥好氧颗粒化原因,以期为AGS的工程化应用提供理论依据。结果表明:通过逐渐缩短沉淀时间的方式能够在30 d内培养出粒径在220μm以上的AGS;并且在180 d时系统内颗粒化趋于成熟,AGS占比达95%以上。成熟的AGS能够实现同步硝化反硝化,出水TN低于10 mg/L,TN去除率稳定在85%以上。通过对AGS与絮体污泥中细菌群落多样性的对比分析可知,成熟的AGS细菌群落多样性降低且群落组成发生显著变化。Proteobacteria是絮体污泥中最优势的细菌门,而在AGS中,最优势的细菌门为Bacteroidetes,其次是Proteobacteria。Flavobacterium、Aquimonas和Candidatus Accumulibacter在AGS中的相对丰度高于絮体污泥,说明这些菌属可能促进絮体污泥形成AGS。
The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was cultivated using the municipal sewage in the pilot-scale SBR system. The removal characteristics of AGS were investigated during aerobic sludge granulation. And the difference of bacterial community composition in AGS and activated sludge were investigated using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing to reveal the granulation mechanisms.After operation of 30 days,the AGS with a diameter of more than 220 μm was developed by adjusting settling time. After 180 days,the AGS became mature and the proportion of AGS in the system was more than 95%. Results showed that the AGS could achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the pilot-scale SBR. The removal rate for total nitrogen (TN) was stable above 85%,and the effluent concentration was less than 10 mg/L. The diversity of bacterial community decreased after the formation of AGS. The composition of bacterial community changed significantly. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in activated sludge. But,in AGS,the most dominant phylum was Bacteroidetes followed by Proteobacteria. The relative abundance of Flavobacterium,Aquimonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter in AGS was higher than that of activated sludge,indicating that these genuses might play an important role in the formation of AGS.
The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was cultivated using the municipal sewage in the pilot-scale SBR system. The removal characteristics of AGS were investigated during aerobic sludge granulation. And the difference of bacterial community composition in AGS and activated sludge were investigated using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing to reveal the granulation mechanisms.After operation of 30 days,the AGS with a diameter of more than 220 μm was developed by adjusting settling time. After 180 days,the AGS became mature and the proportion of AGS in the system was more than 95%. Results showed that the AGS could achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the pilot-scale SBR. The removal rate for total nitrogen (TN) was stable above 85%,and the effluent concentration was less than 10 mg/L. The diversity of bacterial community decreased after the formation of AGS. The composition of bacterial community changed significantly. Proteobacteria was the most dominant phylum in activated sludge. But,in AGS,the most dominant phylum was Bacteroidetes followed by Proteobacteria. The relative abundance of Flavobacterium,Aquimonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter in AGS was higher than that of activated sludge,indicating that these genuses might play an important role in the formation of AGS.
引文
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[15]刘宏波,杨昌柱,濮文虹,等.进水氨氮浓度对好氧颗粒污泥的影响研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(7):2030-2034.Liu Hongbo,Yang Changzhu,Pu Wenhong,et al.Effect of ammonia concentration on the characteristic of aerobic granular sludge[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(7):2030-2034(in Chinese).
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[17]de Kreuk M K,van Loosdrecht M C M.Selection of slow growing organisms as a means for aerobic granular sludge stability[J].Water Sci Technol,2004,49(11/12):9-17.
[2]卢然超,张晓健,张悦,等.SBR工艺运行条件对好氧污泥颗粒化和除磷效果的影响[J].环境科学,2001,22(2):87-90.Lu Ranchao,Zhang Xiaojian,Zhang Yue,et al.Aerobic sludge granulation and biological phosphorus removal in different operating conditions of SBR[J].Environmental Science,2001,22(2):87-90(in Chinese).
[3]Cassidy D P,Belia E.Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from an abattoir wastewater in a SBR with aerobic granular sludge[J].Water Res,2005,39:4817-4823.
[4]高景峰,陈冉妮,苏凯,等.好氧颗粒污泥同时脱氮除磷实时控制的研究[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(2):180-185.Gao Jingfeng,Chen Ranni,Su Kai,et al.Real time control of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal by aerobic granular sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2010,30(2):180-185(in Chinese).
[5]侯爱月,李军,王昌稳,等.不同好氧颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构特点[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(4):1136-1144.Hou Aiyue,Li Jun,Wang Changwen,et al.Characteristics of microbial community structure in different aerobic granular sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(4):1136-1144(in Chinese).
[6]LüY,Wan C,Lee D,et al.Microbial communities of aerobic granules:Granulation mechanisms[J].Bioresour Technol,2014,169:344-351.
[7]高景峰,王时杰,樊晓燕,等.同步脱氮除磷好氧颗粒污泥培养过程微生物群落变化[J].环境科学,2017,38(11):4696-4705.Gao Jingfeng,Wang Shijie,Fan Xiaoyan,et al.Microbial population dynamics during sludge granulation in a simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal system[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(11):4696-4705(in Chinese).
[8]高永青,张帅,张树军,等.实际城市污水培养好氧颗粒污泥的中试研究[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(5):22-25.Gao Yongqing,Zhang Shuai,Zhang Shujun,et al.Formation of aerobic granular in pilot-scale SBR for real wastewater treatment[J].China Water&Wastewater,2017,33(5):22-25(in Chinese).
[9]涂响,苏本生,孔云华,等.城市污水培养好氧颗粒污泥的中试研究[J].环境科学,2010,31(9):2118-2123.Tu Xiang,Su Bensheng,Kong Yunhua,et al.Cultivation of aerobic granules in a large pilot SBR with domestic sewage[J].Environmental Science,2010,31(9):2118-2123(in Chinese).
[10]Liu Y,Wang Z W,Qin L,et al.Selection pressure-driven aerobic granulation in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2005,67(1):26-32.
[11]王昌稳,李军,赵白航,等.好氧颗粒污泥的快速培养与污泥特性分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(6):2623-2628.Wang Changwen,Li Jun,Zhao Baihang,et al.Rapid cultivation of aerobic granular sludge and analysis of sludge characteristics[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2013,44(6):2623-2628(in Chinese).
[12]梁梦晓,倪晋仁.SBR中好氧颗粒污泥的培养及特性研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(4):502-512.Liang Mengxiao,Ni Jinren.Cultivation and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge in sequencing batch reactor[J].Journal of Basics Science and Engineering,2009,17(4):502-512(in Chinese).
[13]王昌稳,赵白航,李军,等.好氧颗粒污泥吸附氨氮性能[J].化工学报,2014,65(3):942-947.Wang Changwen,Zhao Baihang,Li Jun,et al.Performance of ammonia adsorption by aerobic granular sludge[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(3):942-947(in Chinese).
[14]鲁磊,信欣,鲁航,等.连续流好氧颗粒污泥系统处理低COD/N实际生活污水的工艺优化[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3778-3785.Lu Lei,Xin Xin,Lu Hang,et al.Process optimization of aerobic granular sludge continuous-flow system for the treatment of low COD/N ratio sewage[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(10):3778-3785(in Chinese).
[15]刘宏波,杨昌柱,濮文虹,等.进水氨氮浓度对好氧颗粒污泥的影响研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(7):2030-2034.Liu Hongbo,Yang Changzhu,Pu Wenhong,et al.Effect of ammonia concentration on the characteristic of aerobic granular sludge[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(7):2030-2034(in Chinese).
[16]Zhang T,Shao M F,Ye L.454 Pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity of activated sludge from 14 sewage treatment plants[J].ISME Journal,2012,6(6):1137-1147.
[17]de Kreuk M K,van Loosdrecht M C M.Selection of slow growing organisms as a means for aerobic granular sludge stability[J].Water Sci Technol,2004,49(11/12):9-17.