改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物的去除效果研究
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摘要
目的:探讨用活性氧化铝或活性炭作为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物的净化效果。方法:分别用活性氧化铝和活性炭作为除氟剂制备2种慢滤池,采用氟离子选择性电极法、酸性高锰酸钾法、纳氏试剂比色法、铂-钴标准比色法和玻璃电极法分别测定改进型生物慢滤池进水和出水中的氟含量、化学需氧量(COD_(Mn))、氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、色度及pH值,分析评价改进型生物慢滤池对高氟水中氟化物及相关污染物的净化效果。结果:以活性氧化铝/活性炭为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对水中氟离子的平均瞬时去除率、处理24 h后氟离子去除率、COD_(Mn)去除率、 NH_4~+-N去除率、pH值达标率以及色度去除率分别为73.17%/6.14%、87.57%/18.33%、41.77%/18.28%、37.66%/21.17%、100%/85.71%和65.71%/22.14%。结论:以活性氧化铝为除氟剂的改进型生物慢滤池对饮用水中氟及相关污染物具有良好的净化效果,有一定的应用推广价值。
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the purification effect of modified biological slow filter, with activated alumina and activated carbon as defluorizers, on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water. METHODS: The chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Mn)), ammonia nitrogen(NH_4~+-N),chromaticity and pH value were measured by fluoride ion-selective electrode method,acid potassium permanganate method, Nessler's reagent colorimetric method, platinum cobalt standard colorimetric method,and glass electrode method, respectively. The purification effects of the modified biological slow filter on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: The average instantaneous fluoride removal rates,24 h-post-treatment fluoride removal rates,COD_(Mn) removal rates, NH_4~+-N removal rates,standard-reaching rates of pH value and colority removal rates of the modified biological slow filters,using activated aluminium oxide/activated carbon as fluoride removal agents,were 73.17%/6.14%,87.57%/18.33%,41.77%/18.28%,37.66%/21.17%,100%/85.71%,and 65.71%/22.14%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The modified biological slow filter,with activated aluminium oxide as fluoride removal agent,has relatively good purification effects on fluoride and related pollutants and can be considered for application.
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the purification effect of modified biological slow filter, with activated alumina and activated carbon as defluorizers, on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water. METHODS: The chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Mn)), ammonia nitrogen(NH_4~+-N),chromaticity and pH value were measured by fluoride ion-selective electrode method,acid potassium permanganate method, Nessler's reagent colorimetric method, platinum cobalt standard colorimetric method,and glass electrode method, respectively. The purification effects of the modified biological slow filter on fluoride and related pollutants in high-fluorine water were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: The average instantaneous fluoride removal rates,24 h-post-treatment fluoride removal rates,COD_(Mn) removal rates, NH_4~+-N removal rates,standard-reaching rates of pH value and colority removal rates of the modified biological slow filters,using activated aluminium oxide/activated carbon as fluoride removal agents,were 73.17%/6.14%,87.57%/18.33%,41.77%/18.28%,37.66%/21.17%,100%/85.71%,and 65.71%/22.14%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The modified biological slow filter,with activated aluminium oxide as fluoride removal agent,has relatively good purification effects on fluoride and related pollutants and can be considered for application.
引文
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[2]孙殿军,高彦辉,裴俊瑞.我国“十二五”地方性氟中毒主要研究进展的梳理[J].中华地方病学杂志,2015,34(3):159-163.
[3]赵丽军,裴俊瑞,张微,等.中国2013年度饮水型地方性氟中毒监测[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(6):816-820.
[4]裴俊瑞,赵丽军,张微,等.2012年度全国饮水型地方性氟中毒监测报告[J].中华地方病学杂志,2015,34(9):680-684.
[5]徐海明,刘明月,田华,等.宁夏吴忠地区饮用水氟健康风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(8):715-716.
[6]张岚,陈昌杰,陈亚妍.我国生活饮用水卫生标准[J].中国公共卫生,2007,23(11):1281-1282.
[7]金银龙.GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》释义[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[8]鲁金凤,王斌,郑亮,等.生物慢滤技术在水处理中的应用现状及进展[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(8):31-35.
[9]胡宁,熊康宁,李晓娜.生物慢滤技术研究现状及其在贵州喀斯特农村地区应用的可行性[J].水处理技术,2013,39(11):10-16.
[10]徐海明,李红梅,德小明,等.一种新型的生物慢滤池用于饮用水中氟离子的去除装置:201720979426.5[P].2018-06-05.
[11]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB/T 5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006:32-197.
[12]孟紫强,耿红,刘海龙.6种吸附材料饮水除氟效果的比较研究[J].中华地方病学杂志,2002,21(5):373-376.
[13]查春花,张胜林,夏明芳,等.饮用水除氟方法及其机理[J].净水技术,2005,24(6):46-48.
[14]张滢,张景成,崔自敏,等.铝基吸附剂去除饮用水中氟的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(4):99-104.
[15]曹相生,刘杰,孟雪征,等.滤层厚度对慢滤池深度处理污水的性能影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(3):566-569.
[16]许光远,徐志嫱,苏振铎,等.生物慢滤池用于污水深度处理的实验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2014,25(4):186-189.
[17]刘玲花,周怀东,王卫红,等.生物慢滤技术用于农村饮水处理的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(1):12-17.