成都市水资源生态足迹及承载力时空演变研究
|
摘要
利用水资源生态足迹模型对成都市2000-2015年水资源生态足迹与生态承载力进行了研究.结果表明,成都市历年水资源生态足迹值在2000-2012年呈上升趋势,受成都市节水政策和产业转型影响, 2013年相对降低, 2014年和2015年趋于平缓;水资源生态承载力与降水量呈正相关关系,相关系数达0.952,旱情灾害影响成都市生态承载力水平, 2006年与2009年的干旱使成都市水资源产生生态赤字;万元GDP水资源生态足迹值逐年下降,成都市水资源利用效率16年间增长6.8倍;成都市各区县人均水资源生态足迹分布不均且在2013-2015年变化较大,成都市规划发展的工业城市人均水资源生态足迹值高,各区县处于人均水资源生态盈余状态,但数值逐年下降,水生态安全保障降低;改变产业结构、提高水资源利用效率、增强水利设施对干旱等自然灾害的应对能力是成都市水资源可持续利用的基本途径.
Using the ecological footprint model of water resources, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of water resources of Chengdu from 2000 to 2015 were studied. The results showed that the ecological footprint value of water resources in Chengdu increased from 2000 to 2012 and was relatively low in 2013 due to the influence of Chengdu's water saving policy and industry transformation and tended to be stabilized in 2014 and 2015. The ecological carrying capacity of water resources was shown to be in a positive correlation with precipitation, r being 0.952. Drought disasters had a significant effect on the ecological carrying capacity, resulting in an ecological deficit of water resources in 2006 and 2009. The ecological footprint of water resources per wan yuan GDP(ten-thousand yuan GDP) declined steadily year by year, and the water use efficiency increased by 6.8 times in the 16 years. The per-capita ecological footprint of water resources in all districts and counties of Chengdu was unevenly distributed and varied greatly from 2013 to 2015. The per-capita water resource ecological footprint of industrial cities was high, and all districts and counties were in the state of per-capita water resources ecological surplus. However, the value decreased year by year, thus resulting in a reduced water ecological security. In conclusion, to change the industrial structure, improve the efficiency of water resource utilization and enhance the capacity of water conservancy facilities to combat drought and other natural disasters are the basic ways for the sustainable utilization of water resources in Chengdu.
Using the ecological footprint model of water resources, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of water resources of Chengdu from 2000 to 2015 were studied. The results showed that the ecological footprint value of water resources in Chengdu increased from 2000 to 2012 and was relatively low in 2013 due to the influence of Chengdu's water saving policy and industry transformation and tended to be stabilized in 2014 and 2015. The ecological carrying capacity of water resources was shown to be in a positive correlation with precipitation, r being 0.952. Drought disasters had a significant effect on the ecological carrying capacity, resulting in an ecological deficit of water resources in 2006 and 2009. The ecological footprint of water resources per wan yuan GDP(ten-thousand yuan GDP) declined steadily year by year, and the water use efficiency increased by 6.8 times in the 16 years. The per-capita ecological footprint of water resources in all districts and counties of Chengdu was unevenly distributed and varied greatly from 2013 to 2015. The per-capita water resource ecological footprint of industrial cities was high, and all districts and counties were in the state of per-capita water resources ecological surplus. However, the value decreased year by year, thus resulting in a reduced water ecological security. In conclusion, to change the industrial structure, improve the efficiency of water resource utilization and enhance the capacity of water conservancy facilities to combat drought and other natural disasters are the basic ways for the sustainable utilization of water resources in Chengdu.
引文
[1] 杨柳,张明举.基于生态足迹方法的区域发展可持续性评估——以重庆市为例 [J].西南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2009,7(6):17-20.
[2] REES W E.Ecological Footprints and Appropriated Carrying Capacity:What Urban Economics Leaves out [J].Urbanisation,2017,2(1):66-77.
[3] WACKERNAGL M,RESS W.Our Ecological Footprint:Reducing Human Impact on the Earth [M].Gabriola Island:NewSociety Publishers,1996.
[4] 孟丽红,叶志平,袁素芬,等.江西省2007-2011年水资源生态足迹和生态承载力动态特征 [J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):256-261.
[5] 崔莹,谢世友,柳芬,等.重庆市水资源可持续利用能力的模糊评价 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(4):115-123.
[6] 李培月,钱会,吴健华,等.银川市2008年水资源生态足迹研究与分析 [J].南水北调与水利科技,2010,8(1):69-71.
[7] 卢艳,于鲁冀,王燕鹏,等.河南省水资源生态足迹和生态承载力分析 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(1):182-186.
[8] 王文国,何明雄,潘科,等.四川省水资源生态足迹与生态承载力的时空分析 [J].自然资源学报,2011,26(9):1555-1565.
[9] 丁华,邱卫国.基于生态足迹的上海市水资源生态承载力评价 [J].人民长江,2013,44(15):19-21.
[10] 王文国,龚久平,青鹏,等.重庆市水资源生态足迹与生态承载力分析 [J].生态经济,2011,27(7):159-162.
[11] 张志高,丁浩,庞菲菲,等.安阳市水资源生态足迹与生态承载力研究 [J].陕西水利,2017(4):16-19.
[12] 何光丙.“西部之心”的中国脉动——成都高新区合力打造国际化双创新高地 [J].中国高新区,2016(17):21-28.
[13] 成都市统计局.成都市统计年鉴 [EB/OL] (2013-10-25) [2016-09-15].http://www.cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/htm/list_02010911.html.
[14] 黄林楠,张伟新,姜翠玲,等.水资源生态足迹计算方法 [J].生态学报,2008,28(3):1280-1286.
[15] 熊升银,苟兴才.成都市水资源承载力影响因素的实证分析 [J].经济研究导刊,2008(9):161-162.
[16] 李清龙,闫新兴.水环境承载力量化方法研究进展与展望 [J].地学前缘,2005,12(s1):43-48.
[17] 杨志峰,崔保山,刘静玲.生态环境需水量评估方法与例证 [J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2004,34(11):1072-1082.
[18] 谭秀娟,郑钦玉.我国水资源生态足迹分析与预测 [J].生态学报,2009,29(7):3559-3568.
[19] 官冬杰,苏印,苏维词,等.贵州省水资源生态足迹评价与预测 [J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(4):112-120.
[20] 范晓秋.水资源生态足迹研究与应用 [D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[21] 王恒伟,孙雯.湄公河流域水资源合作开发利益协调机制研究 [J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,31(8):103-108.
[22] 李晨,徐云兰,钟登杰,等.渗滤作用在雨水资源化中的应用研究进展 [J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,32(5):126-139.
[23] 欧洋铭,白若男,朱国宇.成都市水资源承载力动态变化及成因 [J].南水北调与水利科技,2012,10(6):110-114.
[2] REES W E.Ecological Footprints and Appropriated Carrying Capacity:What Urban Economics Leaves out [J].Urbanisation,2017,2(1):66-77.
[3] WACKERNAGL M,RESS W.Our Ecological Footprint:Reducing Human Impact on the Earth [M].Gabriola Island:NewSociety Publishers,1996.
[4] 孟丽红,叶志平,袁素芬,等.江西省2007-2011年水资源生态足迹和生态承载力动态特征 [J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):256-261.
[5] 崔莹,谢世友,柳芬,等.重庆市水资源可持续利用能力的模糊评价 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(4):115-123.
[6] 李培月,钱会,吴健华,等.银川市2008年水资源生态足迹研究与分析 [J].南水北调与水利科技,2010,8(1):69-71.
[7] 卢艳,于鲁冀,王燕鹏,等.河南省水资源生态足迹和生态承载力分析 [J].中国农学通报,2011,27(1):182-186.
[8] 王文国,何明雄,潘科,等.四川省水资源生态足迹与生态承载力的时空分析 [J].自然资源学报,2011,26(9):1555-1565.
[9] 丁华,邱卫国.基于生态足迹的上海市水资源生态承载力评价 [J].人民长江,2013,44(15):19-21.
[10] 王文国,龚久平,青鹏,等.重庆市水资源生态足迹与生态承载力分析 [J].生态经济,2011,27(7):159-162.
[11] 张志高,丁浩,庞菲菲,等.安阳市水资源生态足迹与生态承载力研究 [J].陕西水利,2017(4):16-19.
[12] 何光丙.“西部之心”的中国脉动——成都高新区合力打造国际化双创新高地 [J].中国高新区,2016(17):21-28.
[13] 成都市统计局.成都市统计年鉴 [EB/OL] (2013-10-25) [2016-09-15].http://www.cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/htm/list_02010911.html.
[14] 黄林楠,张伟新,姜翠玲,等.水资源生态足迹计算方法 [J].生态学报,2008,28(3):1280-1286.
[15] 熊升银,苟兴才.成都市水资源承载力影响因素的实证分析 [J].经济研究导刊,2008(9):161-162.
[16] 李清龙,闫新兴.水环境承载力量化方法研究进展与展望 [J].地学前缘,2005,12(s1):43-48.
[17] 杨志峰,崔保山,刘静玲.生态环境需水量评估方法与例证 [J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2004,34(11):1072-1082.
[18] 谭秀娟,郑钦玉.我国水资源生态足迹分析与预测 [J].生态学报,2009,29(7):3559-3568.
[19] 官冬杰,苏印,苏维词,等.贵州省水资源生态足迹评价与预测 [J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(4):112-120.
[20] 范晓秋.水资源生态足迹研究与应用 [D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[21] 王恒伟,孙雯.湄公河流域水资源合作开发利益协调机制研究 [J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,31(8):103-108.
[22] 李晨,徐云兰,钟登杰,等.渗滤作用在雨水资源化中的应用研究进展 [J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,32(5):126-139.
[23] 欧洋铭,白若男,朱国宇.成都市水资源承载力动态变化及成因 [J].南水北调与水利科技,2012,10(6):110-114.