南海海盆地形与NW向断裂
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摘要
新的2′×2′卫星测高获得的水深数据表明,除了在南海中央海盆扩张脊附近分布有高耸、断续的近东西向海山链外,在南海深海平原上还存在一些北西向的连续线状凸起特征。这些线状特征高约500m,宽10-30km,绵延数百至近千公里。反射地震数据则显示,这些海底线状隆起实际上是宽50—100km的走滑断裂带,在该断裂带内还有一些低幅和隐伏褶皱,它们代表了海盆内部的压性走滑断裂带,反映了海盆扩张停止后台湾-吕宋岛弧向西的构造挤压应力对南海海盆的持续作用。其中一条穿过116°E的北北西向断裂带构成了中央海盆与西南海盆的边界断裂。
New satellite-derived bathymetric data in 2′×2′ grid shows that besides the high, fragmented E-W-directed volcano chain in the spreading ridge of the South China Sea, there are also several NW- to NNW-directed continuous linear relief features which are 500 m high, 10—30 km wide and hundreds to one thousand kilometers long. Reflection data reveals that they are 50—100 km wide strike-slip fault zones in which low amplitude blind folds develop, and represent intra-oceanic basin transpressive faults zone resulting from lasting convergence by the Taiwan-Luzon Arc since the cessation of the seafloor spreading in the South China Sea. One fault zone crossing the 116°E longitude acts as the boundary between the central sub-basin and the SW sub-basin.
New satellite-derived bathymetric data in 2′×2′ grid shows that besides the high, fragmented E-W-directed volcano chain in the spreading ridge of the South China Sea, there are also several NW- to NNW-directed continuous linear relief features which are 500 m high, 10—30 km wide and hundreds to one thousand kilometers long. Reflection data reveals that they are 50—100 km wide strike-slip fault zones in which low amplitude blind folds develop, and represent intra-oceanic basin transpressive faults zone resulting from lasting convergence by the Taiwan-Luzon Arc since the cessation of the seafloor spreading in the South China Sea. One fault zone crossing the 116°E longitude acts as the boundary between the central sub-basin and the SW sub-basin.
引文
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[23]SI MONS WJ F,SOCQUET A,Vigny C,et al.A decade of GPSin Southeast Asia:Resolving Sundaland motion and boundaries[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112(B06420),doi:10.1029/2005JB003868.
[24]李家彪,金翔龙,高金耀.南海东部海盆晚期扩张的构造地貌研究[J].中国科学:D辑,2002,32(3):239—248.
[25]姚伯初.南海断裂特征及其构造意义[M]//姚伯初,邱燕,吴能友.南海西部海域地质构造特征和新生代沉积.北京:地质出版社,1999:32—44.
[26]丘中建,龚再升.中国油气勘探-第四卷:近海油气区[M].北京:地质出版社与石油工业出版社,1999.
[2]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.The tectonic evolution of the South China Sea Basin[M]//HAYES D E.The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands:Geophysical Monograph.Washington,D.C.:AGU,1980,23:89-104.
[3]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.Origin and history of the South China Basin[M]//HAYES D E.The Tectonic and Geo-logic Evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands,Part2:Geophysical Monograph.Washington,D.C.:AGU,1983,27:23-56.
[4]BRI AIS A,PATRI AT P,TAPPONNIER P.Updated in-terpretation of magnetic anomalies and Seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea:I mplications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J].Journal of Geophysical Re-search,1993,98(B4):6299—6328.
[5]BARCKHAUSEN U,ROESER H A.Seafloor spreading a-nomalies in the South China Sea revisited[M]//CLIFT P D,KUHNT W,WANG P,et al.Continent-Ocean Interac-tions with East Asian Marginal Seas:Geophysical Mono-graph.Washington,D.C.:AGU,2004,140:121—125.
[6]BI Q C.Kinematic pattern of Tai wan as an example of actu-al continent-arc collision[R]//Report of the Seminar on Seismology.US-ROC Cooperative Science Program,1973:21—26.
[7]L DMANN T,WONG H K.Neotectonic regi me on the passive continental margin of the northern South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,1999,311:113—138.
[8]阎贫,刘海龄.南海及其周缘中新生代火山活动时空特征与南海的形成演化[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):33—41.
[9]PAUTOT G,RANGI N C,BRI AIS A,et al.The Axial Ridge of the South China Sea:A Seabeamand Geophysical Survey[J].Oceanologica.Acta,1990,13(2):129—143.
[10]金庆焕,1989.南海地质与油气资源[M].北京:地质出版社.
[11]RU Ke,PIGOTT J D.Episodic rifting and subsidence in the South China Sea[J].American Association of Petrole-um Geologists Bulletin,1986,70:1136—1155.
[12]Qian,Y.Heat flowand age of crust of the South China Sea[C]//Proc.CCOP Heat flow workshop,Ⅲ.CCOP,1990:21.
[13]姚伯初.南海海盆在新生代的构造演化[J].南海地质研究,,1991,3:9—23.
[14]SCHLUTER,H U,HI NZ K,BLOCK M.Tectono-strati-graphic terranes and detachment faulting of the South China Sea and Sulu Sea[J].Marine Geology,1996,130:39—78.
[15]SANDWELL D T.Geophysical applications of satellite al-ti metry[R].Reviews of Geophysics(Supplement),US National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Ge-ophysics(1987-1990),1991:132—137.
[16]SMITH W HF,SANDWELL D T.Global Sea Floor To-pography from Satellite Alti metry and Ship Depth Sound-ings[J].Science,1997,277:1956—1962.
[17]WESSEL P,SMITH W H F.New version of the generic mapping tools(GMT)version3.0released[J].Trans.AGU,Eos,1995,76:329.
[18]中国科学院南海海洋研究所.南海地形图.天津:地图出版社.1980.
[19]何廉声,陈邦彦.南海地质地球物理图集-1:2000000地形图.广州:广东省地图出版社.1987.
[20]王勇,许厚泽,詹金刚.中国海及其邻近海域高分辨率海底地形[J].科学通报,2001,46(11):956—960.
[21]刘建华.南海中部地震反射波特征及其地质解释[J].海洋学报,2000,22(6):73—80.
[22]KIDO Y,SUYEHIRO K,KI NOSHITA H.Rifting to spreading process along the northern continental margin of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Researchs,2001,22:1—15.
[23]SI MONS WJ F,SOCQUET A,Vigny C,et al.A decade of GPSin Southeast Asia:Resolving Sundaland motion and boundaries[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112(B06420),doi:10.1029/2005JB003868.
[24]李家彪,金翔龙,高金耀.南海东部海盆晚期扩张的构造地貌研究[J].中国科学:D辑,2002,32(3):239—248.
[25]姚伯初.南海断裂特征及其构造意义[M]//姚伯初,邱燕,吴能友.南海西部海域地质构造特征和新生代沉积.北京:地质出版社,1999:32—44.
[26]丘中建,龚再升.中国油气勘探-第四卷:近海油气区[M].北京:地质出版社与石油工业出版社,1999.
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