某地震灾区过渡安置房建设项目卫生学预评价
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摘要
目的对成都市某社区地震灾区过渡安置房建设项目规划、设计等进行卫生学预评价,使过渡性安置房的建设符合卫生相关的要求。方法依照卫生学评价通则对建设项目进行卫生学调查,使用本抗震救灾卫生防疫工作队自制现场调查表,通过现场调查、查看规划设计图纸,运用检查表法进行卫生学评价。结果该安置区存在日后投入使用的危害健康因素包括选址周围存在污染企业(3家)、公共厕所数量不足(公共厕所/户数<1/50)、公共卫生服务设施的细节规划不到位。该项目在选址其他方面、总体平面布局、卫生设施、建筑卫生学等方面基本符合相关技术要求。结论本项目在施工设计过程中,需进一步细化和优化方案,严格落实报告书中提出的各项卫生要求。同时,在安置区投入使用后应加强卫生管理,将危害因素控制在国家卫生标准范围内,以保障地震灾区人民群众的健康。
Objective To proceed to hygiene evaluation on the construction project of the earthquake temporary shelters in order to meet with the related hygiene requirements.Methods According to the general rule of hygienic assessment,the hygiene investigation of the project was carried out using questionnaire which was designed by the post-earthquake public-health team,field investigation,observation of the layout-designing and check lists were applied.Results Contents of selection of site,the overall layout,the hygienic facilities and building hygiene met the national requirements.The main health risk factors that might exist in the project were pollution enterprises(there were three pollution enterprises),inadequate public toilets(public toilets/families<1/50),not enough detailed planning of sanitation.Conclusion In the process of construction design of the project,planning should be refined and optimized furtherly,sanitation management measures are strengthened when people live in the shelters.Meanwhile,health risk factors should be controlled to measure up the national sanitation standards and protect people′s health.
Objective To proceed to hygiene evaluation on the construction project of the earthquake temporary shelters in order to meet with the related hygiene requirements.Methods According to the general rule of hygienic assessment,the hygiene investigation of the project was carried out using questionnaire which was designed by the post-earthquake public-health team,field investigation,observation of the layout-designing and check lists were applied.Results Contents of selection of site,the overall layout,the hygienic facilities and building hygiene met the national requirements.The main health risk factors that might exist in the project were pollution enterprises(there were three pollution enterprises),inadequate public toilets(public toilets/families<1/50),not enough detailed planning of sanitation.Conclusion In the process of construction design of the project,planning should be refined and optimized furtherly,sanitation management measures are strengthened when people live in the shelters.Meanwhile,health risk factors should be controlled to measure up the national sanitation standards and protect people′s health.
引文
(1)郭剑锋,唐国慧.水泥厂排放污染物对周边居民健康危险度的影响(J).国外医学医学地理分册,2004,25(4):178-180.
(2)张进,程金平,许谭,等.上海市某工业区大气颗粒物(PM10)中多环芳烃的来源和分布特征(J).环境化学,2007,26(5):689-692.
(3)陈学敏,吴德生.环境卫生学(M).第4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001:58-136.
(4)CJJ 14-2005,城市公共厕所设计标准(S).
(5)GB 9665-1996,公共浴室卫生标准(S).
(2)张进,程金平,许谭,等.上海市某工业区大气颗粒物(PM10)中多环芳烃的来源和分布特征(J).环境化学,2007,26(5):689-692.
(3)陈学敏,吴德生.环境卫生学(M).第4版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001:58-136.
(4)CJJ 14-2005,城市公共厕所设计标准(S).
(5)GB 9665-1996,公共浴室卫生标准(S).
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